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Yhn C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21

Yhn 12 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43 V45 V47 V49

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 12:34

◄ ← YHN (JHN) 12:34 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ἀπεκρίθη
    2. apokrinō
    3. answered
    4. -
    5. 6110
    6. VIAP3··S
    7. answered
    8. answered
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74447
    1. Οὖν
    2. oun
    3. Therefore
    4. 714\x*So
    5. 37670
    6. C·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 74448
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. to him
    4. him
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R74390
    11. 74449
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74450
    1. ὄχλος
    2. oχlos
    3. crowd
    4. crowd
    5. 37930
    6. N····NMS
    7. crowd
    8. crowd
    9. -
    10. Y33; F74452; F74486; F74496; F74499; F74505; F74509; F74528; F74529; F74537; F74548; F74556; F74558; F74586; F74587
    11. 74451
    1. Ἡμεῖς
    2. egō
    3. We
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1N·P
    7. we
    8. we
    9. D
    10. Y33; R74451
    11. 74452
    1. ἠκούσαμεν
    2. akouō
    3. heard
    4. heard
    5. 1910
    6. VIAA1··P
    7. heard
    8. heard
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74453
    1. ἐκ
    2. ek
    3. out of
    4. -
    5. 15370
    6. P·······
    7. out_of
    8. out_of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74454
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74455
    1. νόμου
    2. nomos
    3. law
    4. -
    5. 35510
    6. N····GMS
    7. law
    8. law
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74456
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74457
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74458
    1. Χριστός
    2. χristos
    3. chosen one messiah
    4. messiah
    5. 55470
    6. N····NMS
    7. chosen_one/messiah
    8. Messiah
    9. WN
    10. Y33; Person=Jesus
    11. 74459
    1. μένει
    2. menō
    3. is remaining
    4. -
    5. 33060
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. ˓is˒ remaining
    8. ˓is˒ remaining
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74460
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74461
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74462
    1. αἰῶνα
    2. aiōn
    3. age
    4. -
    5. 1650
    6. N····AMS
    7. age
    8. age
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74463
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74464
    1. πῶς
    2. pōs
    3. how
    4. -
    5. 44590
    6. D·······
    7. how
    8. how
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74465
    1. σύ
    2. su
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2N·S
    7. you
    8. you
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 74466
    1. λέγεις
    2. legō
    3. are saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA2··S
    7. ˓are˒ saying
    8. ˓are˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74467
    1. σύ
    2. su
    3. you
    4. you
    5. 47710
    6. R···2N·S
    7. you
    8. you
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74468
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74469
    1. δεῖ
    2. dei
    3. it is fitting
    4. -
    5. 12100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. ˱it˲ ˓is˒ fitting
    8. ˱it˲ ˓is˒ fitting
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74470
    1. ὑψωθῆναι
    2. hupsoō
    3. to be exalted
    4. -
    5. 53120
    6. VNAP····
    7. ˓to_be˒ exalted
    8. ˓to_be˒ exalted
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74471
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74472
    1. Υἱόν
    2. huios
    3. son
    4. -
    5. 52070
    6. N····AMS
    7. son
    8. Son
    9. G
    10. Y33; Person=Jesus
    11. 74473
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74474
    1. Ἀνθρώπου
    2. anthrōpos
    3. of man
    4. -
    5. 4440
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y33
    11. 74475
    1. Τίς
    2. tis
    3. Who
    4. -
    5. 51010
    6. R····NMS
    7. who
    8. who
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 74476
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. is
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74477
    1. οὖν
    2. oun
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37670
    6. C·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 74478
    1. οὗτος
    2. houtos
    3. this
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. E····NMS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74479
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74480
    1. Υἱός
    2. huios
    3. son
    4. -
    5. 52070
    6. N····NMS
    7. son
    8. Son
    9. G
    10. Y33; Person=Jesus
    11. 74481
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74482
    1. Ἀνθρώπου
    2. anthrōpos
    3. of Man
    4. -
    5. 4440
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y33
    11. 74483

OET (OET-LV) Therefore the crowd answered to_him:
We heard out_of the law that the chosen_one/messiah is_remaining to the age, and how are_saying you that it_is_fitting the son of_ the _man to_be_exalted?
Who is this the son of_ the _Man?

OET (OET-RV) So the crowd queried him, “We heard from the scriptures that the messiah will stay until the end of the age so why do you say that humanity’s child will be lifted up? And who is this ‘humanity’s child’?”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:27–36b: Jesus talked about his death

Jesus spoke about his coming death. He said that he was disturbed by what was going to happen, but that was why he came to earth. He prayed that his Father God would reveal his glory in Jesus’ death. God answered that had already revealed his glory and that he would do it again.

Jesus said that the time had now come for God to judge the world and drive out Satan. And Jesus’ death would attract people to him. But the people there were confused because they did not think that the Messiah would die. Jesus told them to believe in the light, which was himself.

Here are some other possible titles for this section:

Jesus’ death will attract people to himself

What Jesus’ death would do

12:34a

The crowd replied, “We have heard from the Law that the Christ will remain forever.

The Greek text includes a word that indicates a return to the main story after the parenthetical comment in verse 33. Many English translations, including the BSB, do not translate this word. Others use parentheses in verse 33 to mark the beginning and end of the parenthetical comment. Indicate that this is a return to the main story in a way that is natural in your language.

The crowd replied: These words indicate that the crowd responded to Jesus’ statement. They responded by making a statement and then asking Jesus a rhetorical question.

We have heard from the Law: This expression introduces something the crowd had learned from their teachers. They had heard people preaching from the Hebrew Scriptures (our Old Testament) and saying that the Messiah would live forever. They understood that when Jesus called himself “Son of Man,” he was saying that he was the Messiah. But they did not understand how Jesus could be the Messiah and be “lifted up” (crucified). Here are other ways to translate this expression:

Our Law tells us (GNT)

We understood from Scripture (NLT)

The Scriptures teach (CEV)

We: The Greek text emphasizes this word. It refers to the crowd and to the Jewish people in general. Even though Jesus was also Jewish, the crowd emphasized the words We and “you,” which indicates a contrast. So the word We does not include Jesus and it is best to translate it as an exclusive pronoun.

the Law: This phrase often refers to the books of Moses, the five books from Genesis through Deuteronomy. Here, however, the people are thinking of the whole Old Testament. In some languages it is more natural to say that. For example:

We have heard from the Scriptures (GW)

the Christ will remain forever: This clause indicates that the Christ, the Promised Savior, will never die. Here is another way to translate this clause:

the Messiah will live forever (GNT)

the Christ: The BSB translates literally the Greek text as the Christ. The Jews used this title to refer to the special person whom God had appointed and promised to send as King and Savior. The title Christ is the Greek translation of the Hebrew word “Messiah,” so the two words have the same meaning: “anointed one.” See KBT, Christ, Messiah, 1a and 2. See how you translated Christ in 1:20 and 4:25. Because the Greek here is Christ, you may want to use that word here, as many English translations do.

General Comment on 12:34a

The crowd was not quoting a specific verse of Scripture. The verse that is the closest to what they say is Psalm 89:36, which says, “His line shall continue forever.” What they say here was just their general understanding of the teaching they had heard. It is probably best to leave this as an indirect quotation if possible. If it is necessary to use the form of a direct quotation, try to be as general as possible. For example:

We have heard that the Law says, “The Messiah shall continue forever.”

12:34b

So how can you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up?

So how can you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up?: This is a rhetorical question. It was used to emphasize that you cannot say that or possibly to confirm that you cannot say that. The people assumed that once the Messiah came he would live forever. They did not understand that there were other Scriptures that talked about his death. They did not think that the Messiah would die, so what Jesus said confused them.

There are at least two ways to translate this expression:

you: The Greek text emphasizes the pronoun you. It is singular and refers to Jesus.

the Son of Man: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the Son of Man is more literally “the Son of the human/person.” Jesus referred to himself as the Son of Man in 12:23. Jesus used this title to imply two things:

  1. He was a true human being, and he represented all people.

  2. He came from God and had authority from God.

Try to use an expression that implies both meanings and is the same as you used in 12:23. See also KBT Son of Man.

General Comment on 12:34b

This sentence includes an indirect quotation. In some languages it may be natural to translate it as direct speech. For example:

How can you say, ‘The Son of Man must be lifted up’? (NET)

12:34c

Who is this Son of Man?”

Who is this Son of Man?: This is a real question. If the Son of Man was the Messiah, the crowd did not understand how he could die. They were confused by what Jesus said and asked him to make things clear. They wanted to know who the Son of Man that Jesus talked about was, what kind of person he was. Here are other ways to translate this question:

Who is this Son of Man you are talking about? (NLT)

What kind of Son of Man is this?

Son of Man: Use the same expression that you used in 12:23 and 12:34b. If you made it clear that this refers to Jesus, it may not be possible to say “Who is this Son of Man?” It may be necessary to translate the question in a different way. For example:

What do you mean by the words/phrase Son of Man?

What does “Son of Man” mean?

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

ὁ ὄχλος

the crowd

See how you translated crowd in [5:13](../05/13.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

τοῦ νόμου

the law

The crowd is using the name of the first part of the Hebrew Scriptures, the law, to represent the entire Hebrew Scriptures in general. See how you translated this use of the law in [10:34](../10/34.md). Alternate translation: [the Scriptures]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

δεῖ ὑψωθῆναι τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

˱it˲_˓is˒_fitting ˓to_be˒_exalted (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπεκρίθη Οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ ὄχλος Ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν ἐκ τοῦ νόμου ὅτι ὁ Χριστός μένει εἰς τόν αἰῶνα καί πῶς λέγεις σύ ὅτι δεῖ ὑψωθῆναι τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου Τίς ἐστίν οὗτος ὁ Υἱός τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

Here, the phrase lifted up means “crucified.” You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [it is necessary for the Son of Man to be crucified]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου & ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπεκρίθη Οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ ὄχλος Ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν ἐκ τοῦ νόμου ὅτι ὁ Χριστός μένει εἰς τόν αἰῶνα καί πῶς λέγεις σύ ὅτι δεῖ ὑψωθῆναι τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου Τίς ἐστίν οὗτος ὁ Υἱός τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

See how you translated the Son of Man in [1:51](../01/51.md).

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπεκρίθη Οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ ὄχλος Ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν ἐκ τοῦ νόμου ὅτι ὁ Χριστός μένει εἰς τόν αἰῶνα καί πῶς λέγεις σύ ὅτι δεῖ ὑψωθῆναι τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου Τίς ἐστίν οὗτος ὁ Υἱός τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

This could mean: (1) they are asking to know the identity of the Son of Man. Alternate translation: [What is the identity of this Son of Man?] (2) they are asking to know what Jesus means when he says, “Son of Man.” Alternate translation: [What kind of Son of Man are you talking about?]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

12:34 Popular Judaism believed that the Messiah would live forever and triumph over his foes. Jesus’ point of view seemed incomprehensible.
• who is this Son of Man, anyway? The Jews did not understand what sort of Messiah planned to die.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Therefore
    2. 714\x*So
    3. 37670
    4. S
    5. oun
    6. C-·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 74448
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74450
    1. crowd
    2. crowd
    3. 37930
    5. oχlos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. crowd
    8. crowd
    9. -
    10. Y33; F74452; F74486; F74496; F74499; F74505; F74509; F74528; F74529; F74537; F74548; F74556; F74558; F74586; F74587
    11. 74451
    1. answered
    2. -
    3. 6110
    5. apokrinō
    6. V-IAP3··S
    7. answered
    8. answered
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74447
    1. to him
    2. him
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R74390
    11. 74449
    1. We
    2. -
    3. 14730
    4. D
    5. egō
    6. R-···1N·P
    7. we
    8. we
    9. D
    10. Y33; R74451
    11. 74452
    1. heard
    2. heard
    3. 1910
    5. akouō
    6. V-IAA1··P
    7. heard
    8. heard
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74453
    1. out of
    2. -
    3. 15370
    5. ek
    6. P-·······
    7. out_of
    8. out_of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74454
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74455
    1. law
    2. -
    3. 35510
    5. nomos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. law
    8. law
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74456
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74457
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74458
    1. chosen one messiah
    2. messiah
    3. 55470
    4. WN
    5. χristos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. chosen_one/messiah
    8. Messiah
    9. WN
    10. Y33; Person=Jesus
    11. 74459
    1. is remaining
    2. -
    3. 33060
    5. menō
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. ˓is˒ remaining
    8. ˓is˒ remaining
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74460
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74461
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74462
    1. age
    2. -
    3. 1650
    5. aiōn
    6. N-····AMS
    7. age
    8. age
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74463
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74464
    1. how
    2. -
    3. 44590
    5. pōs
    6. D-·······
    7. how
    8. how
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74465
    1. are saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPA2··S
    7. ˓are˒ saying
    8. ˓are˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74467
    1. you
    2. you
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2N·S
    7. you
    8. you
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74468
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74469
    1. it is fitting
    2. -
    3. 12100
    5. dei
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. ˱it˲ ˓is˒ fitting
    8. ˱it˲ ˓is˒ fitting
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74470
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74472
    1. son
    2. -
    3. 52070
    4. G
    5. huios
    6. N-····AMS
    7. son
    8. Son
    9. G
    10. Y33; Person=Jesus
    11. 74473
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 4440
    4. G
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y33
    11. 74475
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74474
    1. man
    2. -
    3. 4440
    4. G
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y33
    11. 74475
    1. to be exalted
    2. -
    3. 53120
    5. hupsoō
    6. V-NAP····
    7. ˓to_be˒ exalted
    8. ˓to_be˒ exalted
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74471
    1. Who
    2. -
    3. 51010
    4. S
    5. tis
    6. R-····NMS
    7. who
    8. who
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 74476
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74477
    1. this
    2. -
    3. 37780
    5. houtos
    6. E-····NMS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74479
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74480
    1. son
    2. -
    3. 52070
    4. G
    5. huios
    6. N-····NMS
    7. son
    8. Son
    9. G
    10. Y33; Person=Jesus
    11. 74481
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 4440
    4. G
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y33
    11. 74483
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 74482
    1. Man
    2. -
    3. 4440
    4. G
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y33
    11. 74483

OET (OET-LV) Therefore the crowd answered to_him:
We heard out_of the law that the chosen_one/messiah is_remaining to the age, and how are_saying you that it_is_fitting the son of_ the _man to_be_exalted?
Who is this the son of_ the _Man?

OET (OET-RV) So the crowd queried him, “We heard from the scriptures that the messiah will stay until the end of the age so why do you say that humanity’s child will be lifted up? And who is this ‘humanity’s child’?”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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