YHN 12:42 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Ὅμως
2. homōs
3. Likewise
4. Likewise
5. 36760
6. D·······
7. likewise
8. likewise
9. S
10. Y33
11. 74642
1. μέντοι
2. mentoi
3. however
4. -
5. 33050
6. C·······
7. however
8. however
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74643
1. καί
2. kai
3. even
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. even
8. even
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74644
1. πολλοί
2. pollos
3. -
4. -
5. 41830
6. S····NMP
7. many
8. many
9. -
10. -
11. 74645
1. ἐκ
2. ek
3. from
4. -
5. 15370
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74646
1. τῶν
2. ho
3. of the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMP
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74647
1. ἀρχόντων
2. arχōn
3. rulers
4. -
5. 7580
6. N····GMP
7. rulers
8. rulers
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74648
1. πολλοί
2. pollos
3. many
4. -
5. 41830
6. S····NMP
7. many
8. many
9. -
10. Y33; F74658; F74663; F74664
11. 74649
1. ἐπίστευσαν
2. pisteuō
3. believed
4. believed
5. 41000
6. VIAA3··P
7. believed
8. believed
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74650
1. εἰς
2. eis
3. in
4. -
5. 15190
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74651
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33; R74541
11. 74652
1. ἀλλά
2. alla
3. but
4. -
5. 2350
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74653
1. διά
2. dia
3. because of
4. because
5. 12230
6. P·······
7. because_of
8. because_of
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74654
1. τούς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74655
1. Φαρισαίους
2. farisaios
3. Farisaios party
4. party
5. 53300
6. N····AMP
7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
8. Pharisees
9. U
10. Y33
11. 74656
1. οὐχ
2. ou
3. not
4. -
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74657
1. ὡμολόγουν
2. homologeō
3. they were confessing
4. -
5. 36700
6. VIIA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ confessing
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ confessing
9. -
10. Y33; R74649
11. 74658
1. ἵνα
2. hina
3. in order that
4. -
5. 24430
6. C·······
7. in_order_that
8. in_order_that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74659
1. μή
2. mē
3. not
4. -
5. 33610
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74660
1. ἀποσυνάγωγοι
2. aposunagōgos
3. excommunicated
4. -
5. 6560
6. S····NMP
7. excommunicated
8. excommunicated
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74661
1. ἀποσυνάγωγῳ
2. aposunagōgos
3. -
4. -
5. 6560
6. S····DMS
7. ˱with˲ ˓the˒ excommunicated
8. ˱with˲ ˓the˒ excommunicated
9. -
10. -
11. 74662
1. γένωνται
2. ginomai
3. they may become
4. -
5. 10960
6. VSAM3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓may˒ become
8. ˱they˲ ˓may˒ become
9. -
10. Y33; R74649
11. 74663

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:36c–43: The Unbelief of the People

This paragraph discusses the unbelief (lack of belief or faith) of many of those who heard Jesus and saw his miracles. Many of them rejected him, as the Hebrew Scriptures prophesied. Others did believe but remained silent, afraid that they themselves would be rejected.

Here are some other possible titles for this section:

The Jews still did not believe

Many Jews refused to have faith in Jesus

Paragraph 12:42–43

This paragraph tells about the Jewish people who did put their faith in Jesus.

12:42a

Nevertheless, many of the leaders believed in Him;

¶ However, many Jewish people, even among the leaders, did believe in Jesus.
¶ At that same time, however, many Jewish leaders were among those who put their faith in Jesus.

Nevertheless: This word introduces a contrast. The contrast is with the main theme of the previous paragraph, that not many people believed in Jesus (12:37). Even though most people did not believe in Jesus, many did believe in him, even some of the Jewish leaders. Here are other ways to introduce this contrast:

Yet (NIV)

But (NCV)

Even though it was like that

many of the leaders believed in Him: The word many means “many people.” John was thinking particularly of the Jewish people. This clause indicates that not all the Jewish people rejected Jesus. Even among the Jewish leaders there were many who believed in him. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

even among the rulers many believed in him (NET)

many believed in Jesus, even many of the leaders (NCV)

Many people did believe in him…including some of the Jewish leaders. (NLT)

of the leaders: The Greek phrase here contains a word that several English versions translate as “even.” The word here indicates something less expected than that many people believed in Jesus. The fact that some (or many) of the leaders believed was less expected than that regular people believed. Here is another way to translate this clause to include the word:

even of the authorities (NRSV)

leaders: The word leaders here refers to the Jewish religious leaders, members of the Sanhedrin or ruling council. The same word is used in 3:1. Here are other ways to translate this word:

Jewish leaders (NLT)

rulers (GW)

12:42b

but because of the Pharisees they did not confess Him,

But because of their fear of the Pharisees, they did not confess/admit what they believed.
But they would not tell other people that they believed in Jesus

but: This word contrasts the belief of the Jews with their failure to confess that they believed in Jesus.

because of the Pharisees: This phrase states the reason that these believers did not confess that they believed. They were afraid that the Pharisees would no longer allow them to worship in the synagogue (see 12:42c).

the Pharisees: This phrase refers to the members of a Jewish religious group or party. It was very important to them to obey all of the Jewish religious laws very carefully and exactly. See the note on 11:46a and how you translated the word there.

they did not confess Him: This clause indicates that those who believed did not say so publicly. They did not tell other people that they believed in Jesus. The pronoun they could refer to all those who believed, although many think that it just refers to the authorities who believed. If possible, use a pronoun that could refer to either group. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

they would not confess Jesus to be the Christ (NET)

they wouldn’t admit it publicly (GW)

they did not say they believed in him (NCV)

12:42c

for fear that they would be put out of the synagogue.

They were afraid they would be expelled/banned from the synagogue.
because they were afraid the Pharisees would throw them out of the Jewish worship building.

for fear that they would be put out of the synagogue: This is a negative purpose clause. The Jews did not say in public that they believed in Jesus because they wanted to avoid something. They were afraid that the Jewish leaders would reject them and expel (remove) them from their religious community. They did not want this to happen. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

so that they would not be put out of the synagogue (ESV)

so as not to be expelled from the synagogue (GNT)

they would be put out of the synagogue: This clause refers to some kind of possible punishment for those who believed in Jesus. Scholars disagree about whether this was a temporary and limited punishment (banned from being a leader) or something more serious. If more serious, they might not even allow that person to worship in the synagogue. See also the note on 9:22b. The verb would be put out is passive. There are at least two ways to translate it:

Use a passive verb. For example:
being banned from the synagogue (NJB)
Use an active verb. For example:
the Pharisees would have thrown them out of the synagogue (GW)

the synagogue: A synagogue was a building where Jews gathered to pray, read the Scriptures, teach their beliefs, and worship. The Jews also gathered there for cultural activities. There was only one temple (in Jerusalem), but there were many synagogues. Each Jewish community had its own synagogue. So the phrase the synagogue does not refer to one specific synagogue, but to the synagogue system in general. The believers feared they would be forbidden to attend the meeting of any synagogue. Here are some ways to translate synagogue:

prayer-house of the Jews

meeting-place of the Jews

worship building

house for gathering together

Consider using a footnote that contains some of the information above. See the note and how you translated synagogue in 9:22b. See KBT, synagogue.

General Comment on 12:42

This verse appears to give two reasons why these believing Jews did not confess Jesus. First, it was because of the Pharisees, and second, because they would be put out of the synagogue. It was the Pharisees who would put them out of the synagogue, so it may be natural to combine these two ideas into one clause. For example:

However, they wouldn’t admit it publicly because the Pharisees would have thrown them out of the synagogue. (GW)

But they wouldn’t admit it for fear that the Pharisees would expel them from the synagogue. (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τῶν ἀρχόντων

˱of˲_the rulers

Here, rulers refers to the Jewish religious leadership, specifically the Jewish council called the Sanhedrin, which made decisions about Jewish law. (See: council) See how you translated rulers in [3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: [the members of the Jewish ruling council]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἵνα μὴ ἀποσυνάγωγοι γένωνται

in_order_that (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅμως μέντοι καί ἐκ τῶν ἀρχόντων πολλοί ἐπίστευσαν εἰς αὐτόν ἀλλά διά τούς Φαρισαίους οὐχ ὡμολόγουν ἵνα μή ἀποσυνάγωγοι γένωνται)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [so that the Pharisees would not ban them from the synagogue]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

μὴ ἀποσυνάγωγοι γένωνται

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὅμως μέντοι καί ἐκ τῶν ἀρχόντων πολλοί ἐπίστευσαν εἰς αὐτόν ἀλλά διά τούς Φαρισαίους οὐχ ὡμολόγουν ἵνα μή ἀποσυνάγωγοι γένωνται)

John uses put out of the synagogue to refer to no longer being allowed to go into the synagogue and no longer belonging to the group of people who attended services at the synagogue. When people were put out of the synagogue, they were shunned by their local community. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [they would not be allowed to enter the synagogue] or [they would no longer belong to the synagogue community]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Likewise
2. Likewise
3. 36760
4. S
5. homōs
6. D-·······
7. likewise
8. likewise
9. S
10. Y33
11. 74642
1. however
2. -
3. 33050
5. mentoi
6. C-·······
7. however
8. however
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74643
1. even
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. even
8. even
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74644
1. many
2. -
3. 41830
5. pollos
6. S-····NMP
7. many
8. many
9. -
10. Y33; F74658; F74663; F74664
11. 74649
1. from
2. -
3. 15370
5. ek
6. P-·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74646
1. of the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMP
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74647
1. rulers
2. -
3. 7580
5. arχōn
6. N-····GMP
7. rulers
8. rulers
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74648
1. believed
2. believed
3. 41000
5. pisteuō
6. V-IAA3··P
7. believed
8. believed
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74650
1. in
2. -
3. 15190
5. eis
6. P-·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74651
1. him
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33; R74541
11. 74652
1. but
2. -
3. 2350
5. alla
6. C-·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74653
1. because of
2. because
3. 12230
5. dia
6. P-·······
7. because_of
8. because_of
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74654
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74655
1. Farisaios party
2. party
3. 53300
4. U
5. farisaios
6. N-····AMP
7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
8. Pharisees
9. U
10. Y33
11. 74656
1. they were
2. -
3. 36700
5. homologeō
6. V-IIA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ confessing
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ confessing
9. -
10. Y33; R74649
11. 74658
1. not
2. -
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74657
1. confessing
2. -
3. 36700
5. homologeō
6. V-IIA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ confessing
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ confessing
9. -
10. Y33; R74649
11. 74658
1. in order that
2. -
3. 24430
5. hina
6. C-·······
7. in_order_that
8. in_order_that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74659
1. they
2. -
3. 10960
5. ginomai
6. V-SAM3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓may˒ become
8. ˱they˲ ˓may˒ become
9. -
10. Y33; R74649
11. 74663
1. not
2. -
3. 33610
5. mē
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74660
1. may become
2. -
3. 10960
5. ginomai
6. V-SAM3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓may˒ become
8. ˱they˲ ˓may˒ become
9. -
10. Y33; R74649
11. 74663
1. excommunicated
2. -
3. 6560
5. aposunagōgos
6. S-····NMP
7. excommunicated
8. excommunicated
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74661

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 12:42