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OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 1:51

← YHN (JHN) 1:51 ↓ ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63300
    1. λέγει
    2. legō
    3. he is saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
    8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63277
    11. 63301
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. to him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63255
    11. 63302
    1. Ἀμήν
    2. amēn
    3. Truly
    4. -
    5. 2810
    6. I·······
    7. truly
    8. truly
    9. D
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63303
    1. ἀμήν
    2. amēn
    3. truly
    4. -
    5. 2810
    6. I·······
    7. truly
    8. truly
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63304
    1. λέγω
    2. legō
    3. I am saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63277
    11. 63305
    1. ὑμῖν
    2. su
    3. to you all
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2D·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63158; Person=Andrew; R63160; R63202; Person=Philip1; R63255
    11. 63306
    1. ἀπʼ
    2. apo
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 63307
    1. ἄρτι
    2. arti
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 7370
    6. D·······
    7. now
    8. now
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 63308
    1. ὄψεσθε
    2. horaō
    3. you all will be seeing
    4. seeing
    5. 37080
    6. VIFM2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓will_be˒ seeing
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓will_be˒ seeing
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63158; Person=Andrew; R63160; R63202; Person=Philip1; R63255
    11. 63309
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63310
    1. οὐρανόν
    2. ouranos
    3. heaven
    4. -
    5. 37720
    6. N····AMS
    7. heaven
    8. heaven
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63311
    1. ἀνεῳγότα
    2. aneōgō
    3. having opened up
    4. opened
    5. 4550
    6. VPEA·AMS
    7. ˓having˒ opened_up
    8. ˓having˒ opened_up
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63312
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63313
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63314
    1. ἀγγέλους
    2. aŋgelos
    3. messengers
    4. messengers
    5. 320
    6. N····AMP
    7. messengers
    8. angels
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63315
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63316
    1. Θεοῦ
    2. theos
    3. of god
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; Person=God
    11. 63317
    1. ἀναβαίνοντας
    2. anabainō
    3. going up
    4. going
    5. 3050
    6. VPPA·AMP
    7. going_uphill
    8. going_up
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63318
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63319
    1. καταβαίνοντας
    2. katabainō
    3. coming down
    4. coming
    5. 25970
    6. VPPA·AMP
    7. coming_downhill
    8. coming_down
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63320
    1. ἐπί
    2. epi
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63321
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63322
    1. Υἱόν
    2. huios
    3. son
    4. -
    5. 52070
    6. N····AMS
    7. son
    8. Son
    9. G
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; Person=Jesus
    11. 63323
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63324
    1. Ἀνθρώπου
    2. anthrōpos
    3. of Man
    4. -
    5. 4440
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63325

OET (OET-LV) And he_is_saying to_him:
Truly, truly, I_am_saying to_you_all, you_all_will_be_seeing the heaven having_opened_up, and the messengers of_ the _god going_up and coming_down on the son of_ the _Man.

OET (OET-RV) And he continued, “Honestly, I’m telling all of you: you’ll be seeing the sky opened up and God’s messengers going up and coming down on me—humanity’s child.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:43–51: Jesus called Philip and Nathanael to follow him

This section tells how Philip and Nathaniel became disciples of Jesus. Jesus showed them his power to know all things. He told Nathaniel that he had seen him under a fig tree. That showed Nathaniel that Jesus was the Son of God and King of Israel.

Here are other possible section headings:

Jesus called Philip and Nathanael to be his disciples/followers

Jesus invited two more men to follow him

Philip and Nathanael became disciples

1:51a

Then He declared, “Truly, truly, I tell you,

Then He declared: This phrase indicates that Jesus continued talking to Nathanael.

Truly, truly, I tell you: The phrase that the BSB translates as Truly, truly, I tell you can also be translated as “Very truly, I tell you,” as in the NRSV. Jesus often used this phrase to introduce a statement that he wanted to emphasize. It indicates that the statement was important and completely reliable, and that people should listen carefully to it. Sometimes it introduces a serious warning or something the speaker predicts. Here it introduces a promise.

In some languages you may need to translate the phrase in different ways in different contexts. Do not translate in a way that implies that Jesus had not been telling the truth at other times.

Here are some ways that English translations have translated the phrase in this context:

In all truth I tell you (NJB)

I am telling you the truth (GNT)

I tell you for certain that… (CEV)

you: The personal pronoun you is plural here. Jesus was speaking to the entire group of disciples gathered there, not just to Nathanael.

1:51b–c

1:51b–c is similar to the dream recorded in Genesis 28:12. In his dream the patriarch Jacob saw a ladder leading up to heaven and God’s angels ascending (going up) to and descending (going down) from heaven. Read the passage in Genesis before translating this verse. You may want to use similar words in both passages in order to help readers make the connection.

1:51b

you will all see heaven open

you will all see heaven open: The pronoun you is plural here also. The phrase will…see heaven open is a figure of speech. Jesus was indicating that the disciples would receive a revelation from God. It would be like seeing into the spiritual world. See also Acts 7:56 and Revelation 4:1, where the same expression appears. If a literal translation does not give the correct meaning, you may need to say something like this:

it will look like heaven opens

it will be for you like heaven opening up

heaven: The word heaven in this context refers to the spiritual world, where God lives. People understood heaven to be above the earth

1:51c

and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.”

the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man: Verse 1:51c tells what the revelation from God would be: the Son of Man will link or connect heaven and earth. The whole clause is a metaphor. Angels would not literally walk on Jesus (the Son of Man). But God’s truth would be revealed through Jesus because he is the connection between heaven and earth. In some languages you may need to say where the angels ascend (go up) and descend (go down). For example:

on the Son of Man the angels of God will ascend to heaven and descend to earth

the angels of God: The Greek word that the BSB translates as angels means “messengers.” It refers here to spirit beings who serve God. Here are some ways to translate this phrase:

Be sure that your term for “angel” is different from your terms for “prophet” and “apostle.” See angel 1. in KBT.

on the Son of Man: There are two ways to interpret the Greek phrase that the BSB translates as on the Son of Man:

  1. it indicates that the Son of Man replaces the ladder in Jacob’s dream. For example:

    on the Son of Man, the one who is the stairway between heaven and earth (NLT)

    (NLT, probably NJB, CEV note)

  2. it indicates that the Son of Man replaces Jacob in the dream. For example:

    to the Son of Man (GW)

    (GW)

Most English translations translate literally and say on or “upon” the Son of Man. These translations can be considered ambiguous. And that is a good option. But if you need to choose, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), which agrees with many commentators.Interpretation (1) is followed by the UBS Handbook, p. 52, Keener, pp. 489–491, Barrett, p. 187, F.F. Bruce, pp. 62–63, Brown, pp. 89–91, and Tasker, p. 54, who says “[Nathanael] now learns that Jesus is the real ladder by which the gulf between earth and heaven is bridged.” Interpretation (2) is followed by Carson, pp. 63–64, and Beasley-Murray, p. 28.

the Son of Man: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the Son of Man is more literally “the Son of the human/person.” Jesus was referring to himself. He used this title to imply two things:

  1. He was a true human being, and he was a representative for all people.

  2. He came from God and had authority from God.

Try to use an expression that implies both meanings. Here are some possible translations:

the Human-born

the Man from God/Heaven

the Representative of Mankind

Translators have also used expressions that are more literal. These more literal expressions may be suitable where readers are familiar with a literal title in another translation.

In some languages you may need to use a form like “I” or “me” to indicate that Jesus was referring to himself. For example:

me, the Son of Man

I who became man/human

See Son of Man in KBT.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

λέγει

˱he˲_˓is˒_saying

Here John uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί λέγει αὐτῷ Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω ὑμῖν ὄψεσθε τόν οὐρανόν ἀνεῳγότα καί τούς ἀγγέλους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβαίνοντας καί καταβαίνοντας ἐπί τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

Jesus repeats Truly in order to emphasize the truth of the statement that follows. If your language does not use repetition in this way, you could combine these phrases, forming a separate sentence. Alternate translation: [What I am about to tell you is very true.]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / you

λέγω ὑμῖν

˱I˲_˓am˒_saying ˱to˲_you_all

Jesus is using the plural form of you to indicate that he is speaking to all those who are with him at that moment. He is not only speaking to Nathaniel. If it would be misunderstood to your readers, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [I say to all of you here]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὄψεσθε τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγότα, καὶ τοὺς ἀγγέλους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβαίνοντας καὶ καταβαίνοντας

˱you_all˲_˓will_be˒_seeing (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί λέγει αὐτῷ Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω ὑμῖν ὄψεσθε τόν οὐρανόν ἀνεῳγότα καί τούς ἀγγέλους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβαίνοντας καί καταβαίνοντας ἐπί τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

Jesus refers to an event described in the book of Genesis. While fleeing from his brother, Jacob had a dream in which he saw angels descending from and ascending to heaven. If it would be helpful to your readers who may not be familiar with the story, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [just as Jacob saw in his vision, you will see heaven opened, and the angels of God ascending and descending]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί λέγει αὐτῷ Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω ὑμῖν ὄψεσθε τόν οὐρανόν ἀνεῳγότα καί τούς ἀγγέλους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβαίνοντας καί καταβαίνοντας ἐπί τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person, as in the UST.

Note 6 topic: guidelines-sonofgodprinciples

τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί λέγει αὐτῷ Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω ὑμῖν ὄψεσθε τόν οὐρανόν ἀνεῳγότα καί τούς ἀγγέλους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναβαίνοντας καί καταβαίνοντας ἐπί τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

The title Son of Man is equivalent to “Messiah.” Jesus uses it to claim that role subtly and implicitly. You may want to translate this title directly into your language. On the other hand, if you think it would be helpful to your readers, you could state what it means. See the discussion of this phrase in Part 3 of the General Introduction to the Gospel of John. Alternate translation: [the Messiah]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:51 I tell you the truth (Greek amēn amēn): Jesus often used this expression to emphasize what he was about to say. In John’s Gospel, the Greek word amēn is always doubled.
• you will all see heaven open: Jesus made the comparison with Jacob explicit (see study note on 1:47; see Gen 28:10-22). Like Jacob, Nathanael would see God at work. Jesus himself is the new Bethel (“house of God,” Gen 28:19), the place where God lives.
• Son of Man: See study note on John 9:35; see also Dan 7:13-14; Mark 8:31.
• John the apostle used several names for Jesus (Son of God, Son of Man, Messiah). Knowing Jesus’ true identity is necessary to fully understanding and following him.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63300
    1. he is saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
    8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63277
    11. 63301
    1. to him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63255
    11. 63302
    1. Truly
    2. -
    3. 2810
    4. D
    5. amēn
    6. I-·······
    7. truly
    8. truly
    9. D
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63303
    1. truly
    2. -
    3. 2810
    5. amēn
    6. I-·······
    7. truly
    8. truly
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63304
    1. I am saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPA1··S
    7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
    8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63277
    11. 63305
    1. to you all
    2. -
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2D·P
    7. ˱to˲ you_all
    8. ˱to˲ you_all
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63158; Person=Andrew; R63160; R63202; Person=Philip1; R63255
    11. 63306
    1. you all will be seeing
    2. seeing
    3. 37080
    5. horaō
    6. V-IFM2··P
    7. ˱you_all˲ ˓will_be˒ seeing
    8. ˱you_all˲ ˓will_be˒ seeing
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; R63158; Person=Andrew; R63160; R63202; Person=Philip1; R63255
    11. 63309
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63310
    1. heaven
    2. -
    3. 37720
    5. ouranos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. heaven
    8. heaven
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63311
    1. having opened up
    2. opened
    3. 4550
    5. aneōgō
    6. V-PEA·AMS
    7. ˓having˒ opened_up
    8. ˓having˒ opened_up
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63312
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63313
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63314
    1. messengers
    2. messengers
    3. 320
    5. aŋgelos
    6. N-····AMP
    7. messengers
    8. angels
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63315
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; Person=God
    11. 63317
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63316
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; Person=God
    11. 63317
    1. going up
    2. going
    3. 3050
    5. anabainō
    6. V-PPA·AMP
    7. going_uphill
    8. going_up
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63318
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63319
    1. coming down
    2. coming
    3. 25970
    5. katabainō
    6. V-PPA·AMP
    7. coming_downhill
    8. coming_down
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63320
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63321
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63322
    1. son
    2. -
    3. 52070
    4. G
    5. huios
    6. N-····AMS
    7. son
    8. Son
    9. G
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered; Person=Jesus
    11. 63323
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 4440
    4. G
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63325
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63324
    1. Man
    2. -
    3. 4440
    4. G
    5. anthrōpos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Man
    8. ˱of˲ Man
    9. G
    10. Y5; TFirst_Disciples_Gathered
    11. 63325

OET (OET-LV) And he_is_saying to_him:
Truly, truly, I_am_saying to_you_all, you_all_will_be_seeing the heaven having_opened_up, and the messengers of_ the _god going_up and coming_down on the son of_ the _Man.

OET (OET-RV) And he continued, “Honestly, I’m telling all of you: you’ll be seeing the sky opened up and God’s messengers going up and coming down on me—humanity’s child.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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