MARK 8:31 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT And he began to teach them that it is necessary for the Son of Man to suffer many things and to be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes and to be killed and to rise up after three days.

UST After that, Jesus started to instruct his apprentices about what had to happen to him, the Son of Man. People would hurt him very much. The Jewish leaders, the ruling priests, and the teachers of the Jewish law would refuse to listen to him. Then, people would kill him. Three days after he died, he would live again.

BSB Then He began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and [that] He must be killed and after three days rise [again].

BLB And He began to teach them that it is necessary for the Son of Man to suffer many things, and to be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes, and to be killed, and after three days to rise again.

AICNT And he began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes and be killed, and after three days rise again.

OEB Then he began to teach them that the Son of Man must undergo much suffering, and that he must be rejected by the elders, and the chief priests, and the teachers of the Law, and be put to death, and rise again after three days.

WEBBE He began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Then Jesus began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and experts in the law, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

LSV and began to teach them that it is necessary for the Son of Man to suffer many things, and to be rejected by the elders, and chief priests, and scribes, and to be killed, and to rise again after three days;

FBV Then Jesus began to explain to them that the Son of man would suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and religious teachers. He would be killed, but three days later would rise again.

TCNT Then he began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes, and that he must be killed and after three days rise again.

T4T Then Jesus began to teach them, “Even though I am the one who came from heaven, it is necessary that I suffer very much. It is also necessary that I be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the men who teach the Jewish laws {that the elders, the chief priests, and the men who teach the Jewish laws reject me}, and that I be killed {they kill me}. But on the third day after I am killed I will become alive again.”

LEB ¶ And he began to teach them that it was necessary for the Son of Man to suffer many things and to be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes, and to be killed, and after three days to rise.

BBE And teaching them, he said that the Son of man would have to undergo much, and be hated by those in authority, and the chief priests, and the scribes, and be put to death, and after three days come back from the dead.

Moff And he proceeded to teach them that the Son of man had to endure great suffering, to be rejected by the elders and the high priests and the scribes, to be killed and after three days to rise again;

Wymth And now for the first time He told them, "The Son of Man must endure much suffering, and be rejected by the Elders and the High Priests and the Scribes, and be put to death, and after two days rise to life."

ASV And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, and the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

DRA And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the ancients and by the high priests, and the scribes, and be killed: and after three days rise again.

YLT and began to teach them, that it behoveth the Son of Man to suffer many things, and to be rejected by the elders, and chief priests, and scribes, and to be killed, and after three days to rise again;

Drby And he began to teach them that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders and of the chief priests and of the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise [again].

RV And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, and the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

SLT And he began to teach them that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be disapproved of by the elders, and the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise up.

Wbstr And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, and the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

KJB-1769 And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

KJB-1611 And hee beganne to teach them, that the Sonne of man must suffer many things, and be reiected of the Elders, and of the chiefe Priests, & Scribes, and be killed, & after three dayes rise againe.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation)

Bshps And he began to teache them, howe that the sonne of man must suffer many thynges, & be reproued of the elders, and of the hie priestes, & scribes, and be killed, and after three dayes, aryse agayne.
(And he began to teach them, how that the son of man must suffer many things, and be reproved of the elders, and of the high priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days, arise again.)

Gnva Then hee began to teache them that the Sonne of man must suffer many things, and should be reproued of the Elders, and of the hie Priestes, and of the Scribes, and be slaine, and within three dayes rise againe.
(Then he began to teach them that the Son of man must suffer many things, and should be reproved of the Elders, and of the high Priests, and of the Scribes, and be slain/killed, and within three days rise again. )

Cvdl And he begane to teach them: The sonne of man must suffre many thinges, and be cast out of the elders & hye prestes and scrybes, and be put to death, and after thre dayes ryse agayne.
(And he began to teach them: The son of man must suffer many things, and be cast out of the elders and high priests and scribes, and be put to death, and after three days rise again.)

TNT And he beganne to teache them how that the sonne of man must suffre many thinges and shuld be reproved of the elders and of the hye prestes and scribes and be kylled and after thre dayes aryse agayne.
(And he began to teach them how that the son of man must suffer many things and should be reproved of the elders and of the high priests and scribes and be killed and after three days arise again. )

Wycl And he bigan to teche hem, that it bihoueth mannus sone to suffre many thingis, and to be repreued of the elder men, and of the hiyest prestis, and the scribis, and to be slayn, and aftir thre dayes, to rise ayen.
(And he began to teach hem, that it behoves man’s son to suffer many things, and to be reproved of the elder men, and of the highest priests, and the scribes, and to be slain/killed, and after three days, to rise again.)

Luth Und hub an, sie zu lehren: Des Menschen Sohn muß viel leiden und verworfen werden von den Ältesten und Hohenpriestern und Schriftgelehrten und getötet werden und über drei Tage auferstehen.
(And hub an, they/she/them to/for teach: Des people son must many suffer and discarded become from the elders and high_priests and scribes and killed become and above three days resurrection.)

ClVg Et cœpit docere eos quoniam oportet Filium hominis pati multa, et reprobari a senioribus, et a summis sacerdotibus et scribis, et occidi: et post tres dies resurgere.[fn]
(And he_began to_teach them since/because it_is_necessary Son of_man to_suffer fine, and reprobari from seniors/elders, and from the_highest to_the_priests and you_write, and occidi: and after three days resurgere. )

8.31 Quoniam oportet, etc. HIER. Sicut gubernator peritus tempestatem in tranquillitate præcavens, nautas paratos vult esse suos. Sicut alibi: Si quis vult venire post me, abneget se Matth. 16., etc.

8.31 Since it_is_necessary, etc. HIER. Like governsor perishesus storm in/into/on tranquillitate beforecavens, sailors paratos wants to_be his_own. Like alibi: When/But_if who/any wants to_come after me, abneget himself Matth. 16., etc.

UGNT καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς ὅτι δεῖ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν, καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι, καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι.
(kai aʸrxato didaskein autous hoti dei ton Huion tou Anthrōpou polla pathein, kai apodokimasthaʸnai hupo tōn presbuterōn kai tōn arⱪiereōn kai tōn grammateōn, kai apoktanthaʸnai, kai meta treis haʸmeras anastaʸnai.)

SBL-GNT Καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς ὅτι δεῖ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ⸀ὑπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν γραμματέων καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι·
(Kai aʸrxato didaskein autous hoti dei ton huion tou anthrōpou polla pathein kai apodokimasthaʸnai ⸀hupo tōn presbuterōn kai tōn arⱪiereōn kai tōn grammateōn kai apoktanthaʸnai kai meta treis haʸmeras anastaʸnai;)

RP-GNT Καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτούς, ὅτι δεῖ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν, καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι, καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι·
(Kai aʸrxato didaskein autous, hoti dei ton huion tou anthrōpou polla pathein, kai apodokimasthaʸnai apo tōn presbuterōn kai tōn arⱪiereōn kai tōn grammateōn, kai apoktanthaʸnai, kai meta treis haʸmeras anastaʸnai;)

TC-GNT Καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτούς, ὅτι δεῖ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν, καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι [fn]ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ [fn]τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ [fn]τῶν γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι, καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι·
(Kai aʸrxato didaskein autous, hoti dei ton huion tou anthrōpou polla pathein, kai apodokimasthaʸnai apo tōn presbuterōn kai tōn arⱪiereōn kai tōn grammateōn, kai apoktanthaʸnai, kai meta treis haʸmeras anastaʸnai; )

8:31 απο ¦ υπο CT

8:31 των ¦ — TR

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 8:31–33: Jesus told his disciples that he must suffer, die, and live again

In the preceding section, Peter declared that Jesus was the Messiah, the Christ. In this section, Jesus explained to the disciples what would happen to him as the Messiah. In contrast to what the disciples thought that Jesus would do as their Messiah, God had planned for him to suffer, die, and live again.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Jesus tells his disciples about his coming death and resurrection

Jesus told his disciples that people would kill him but he would live again after three days

Jesus speaks about his death

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 16:21–23 and Luke 9:22–23.

8:31a

Then He began to teach them

¶ Then Jesus began to teach them
¶ Then Jesus began to tell his disciples
¶ Jesus then gave his followers a new teaching. He said,

Then: In Greek, this verse begins with the common conjunction that is often translated as “and.” The BSB translates it as Then. However, some English versions, such as the NIV, do not translate this conjunction. In this context it introduces what Jesus did next. Connect this verse to 8:30 in a natural way in your language.

He began to teach them: The phrase He began to teach them indicates that Jesus began to teach his disciples about a new topic. Because this is the start of a new section and a new paragraph, it may be natural to refer explicitly to Jesus and his disciples:

Jesus began to teach his disciples

8:31b

that the Son of Man must suffer many things

that it was necessary for the Son of Man to suffer in many ways.
that it was God’s will/plan that he, the Son of Man, must suffer many terrible things.
“Certain things must happen to me, the Son of Man: I must endure many sufferings.

that the Son of Man must suffer many things: The Greek clause that the BSB translates as the Son of Man must suffer is literally “it is necessary for the Son of Man to suffer.” This statement implies that the suffering was necessary because it was God’s will or plan. It was something that must happen that was beyond the control of human beings.

the Son of Man: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the Son of Man is literally “the Son of the human/person.” Jesus used this phrase as a title for himself. He used this title to imply that:

he was a true human being, and he represented all people.
he came from God and had authority from God.

Try to use an expression that implies both meanings. Here are some other expressions that translators have used:

the Man whom God Sent

the True Man from God/Heaven

the Representative of Mankind

The Older Brother of All People

In some cases, an unusual title may correctly suggest a deeper meaning. For example:

the Child of a Person

the One who was Born as a Human

Translators have also used expressions that are more literal. These more literal expressions may be appropriate where readers are familiar with a literal title in another version.

In some languages it may be necessary to use a form like “I” or “me” to indicate that Jesus was referring to himself. For example:

me, the Son of Man

I who became man/human

See how you translated Son of Man at 2:10a and 2:28.

must: The Greek word that the BSB translates as must applies to all the following verbs in this verse: “suffer,” “be rejected,” “be killed,” and “rise again.” The verb indicates that it was necessary for all these things to happen because God had planned for them to happen. Be sure to indicate that in some way in your language.

suffer many things: In this context the Greek word that the BSB translates as suffer many things indicates that Jesus would have to suffer in various ways. It also implies that the suffering was terrible and was not just for a short time.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

suffer a lot (GW)

undergo many sufferings

suffer many terrible things (NLT)

8:31c

and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes,

It was necessary for him to be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the teachers of the law
He must endure rejection by the Jewish leaders, leading priests, and experts in the law,
It must happen that our elders, most important priests, and experts in the law will refuse to accept me,

be rejected: To be rejected means to “(someone) refuses to accept (something).” In this verse it means that the groups of Jewish leaders would refuse to believe that Jesus was their Messiah.

by the elders, chief priests, and scribes: These three groups together represented all the leaders of the Jews. The elders were the civil leaders or rulers. They were generally older men. The chief priests were the leading priests, and the scribes were the experts in the religious law.

chief priests: A Jewish priest was a man who offered sacrifices to God on behalf of the people. He also performed other rituals for them. The phrase the…chief priests refers to the leaders among these priests.

Here are some other ways to translate chief priests:

the leading/ruling priests

the elders among the Jewish sacrificers

the most prominent priests

See how you translated “priest” in 1:44b.

scribes: The Greek word that the BSB translates as scribes is sometimes translated as “teachers of the law,” as in the NIV. The original work of these men was to copy the laws of Moses by hand. In New Testament times, their main task was to study, interpret, and teach the law of Moses and related Jewish laws and traditions.

Here are some other ways to translate this term:

the teachers of the Law of Moses (CEV)

the teachers of religious law (NLT)

the experts in the law (NET)

See how you translated this in 1:22c and 7:5a. Also, see teacher of the law in the Glossary for more information.

8:31d

and that He must be killed

and be put to death
and it must happen that people will kill him
and that I must be killed.

He must be killed: This is a passive clause. The pronoun He refers to Jesus as the Son of Man, and the focus is still on him. In some languages it may be necessary to use an active verb. If this is true in your language, you may have another way to indicate that the focus is on Jesus. For example:

he must die by the hand/action of men

it must happen that people will kill him

killed: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as killed means “to cause a person to die.” In this context people would kill Jesus. They would execute him, though he had done nothing wrong. Use an appropriate verb for this in your language. For example, the GNT and NJB say:

put to death

8:31e

and after three days rise again.

and come to life again on the third day.
and three days later, he will become alive again.
Then it must happen that after three days I will live again.”

and after three days: The expression after three days refers to three days after Jesus’ death. The Jews counted any part of a day as a whole day. The day on which Jesus died was counted as one day. The complete day that he was in the tomb was counted as the second day. The part of the day before he rose from the dead was counted as the third day.

rise again: The phrase rise again refers to the Son of Man (Jesus) becoming alive again after he died. Be sure that the expression you use does not imply that Jesus did not really die but revived after almost dying. Use an expression that clearly refers to literal death and to a real return to life.

Here are some other ways to translate rise again:

he will rise to life (GNT)

and then rise from the dead (NCV)

In some languages it will not be possible to use a word such as “rise,” because it may refer only to standing up.

Here are some other ways to translate the correct meaning:

he will live again

he will become alive again

Use an expression that communicates this meaning clearly in your language.

General Comment on 8:31a–c

It may be more natural in your language to put what Jesus taught his disciples into direct speech, as the GNT has done:

Then Jesus began to teach his disciples: “The Son of Man must suffer much and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the teachers of the Law. He will be put to death, but three days later he will rise to life.”

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / quotations

αὐτοὺς ὅτι δεῖ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν, καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι, καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτούς ὅτι δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ὑπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί τῶν ἀρχιερέων καί τῶν γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί μετά τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι)

It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: [them, “It is necessary for the Son of Man to suffer many things and to be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes and to be killed and to rise up after three days”]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

Here Jesus is referring to himself as the Son of Man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [him, who is the Son of Man,]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ τῶν γραμματέων

˓to_be˒_rejected (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτούς ὅτι δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ὑπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί τῶν ἀρχιερέων καί τῶν γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί μετά τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [to experience rejection from the elders and the chief priests and the scribes]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἀποκτανθῆναι

˓to_be˒_killed_off

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: [to die] or [to allow someone to kill him]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἀναστῆναι

˓to˒_rise_up

Here, the phrase rise up refers to someone who died coming back to life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable word or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [to be restored to life] or [to resurrect]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας

Here, the phrase after three days refers to the day after tomorrow. People in Jesus’ culture counted the current day as day one, tomorrow as day two, and the day after tomorrow as day three. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to the day after tomorrow. Alternate translation: [on the day after the next day] or [two days from now]