YHN 21:18 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Ἀμήν
2. amēn
3. Truly
4. -
5. 2810
6. I·······
7. truly
8. truly
9. S
10. Y33
11. 81431
1. ἀμήν
2. amēn
3. truly
4. -
5. 2810
6. I·······
7. truly
8. truly
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81432
1. λέγω
2. legō
3. I am saying
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33; R81425
11. 81433
1. σοί
2. su
3. to you
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·S
7. ˱to˲ you
8. ˱to˲ you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81434
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. -
4. -
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. -
11. 81435
1. ὅτε
2. hote
3. when
4. -
5. 37530
6. C·······
7. when
8. when
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81436
1. ἦς
2. eimi
3. you were
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ were
8. ˱you˲ were
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81437
1. νεώτερος
2. neōteros
3. younger
4. young
5. 35125
6. S····NMS
7. younger
8. younger
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81438
1. ἐζώννυες
2. zōnnuō
3. you were girding
4. -
5. 22240
6. VIIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ girding
8. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ girding
9. -
10. Y33; R81398; F81475; F81487
11. 81439
1. σεαυτόν
2. seautou
3. yourself
4. yourself
5. 45720
6. R···2AMS
7. yourself
8. yourself
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81440
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. but
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81441
1. περιεπάτεις
2. peripateō
3. you were walking
4. -
5. 40430
6. VIIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ walking
8. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ walking
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81442
1. ὅπου
2. hopou
3. where
4. -
5. 36990
6. D·······
7. where
8. where
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81443
1. ἤθελες
2. ethelō
3. you were wanting
4. -
5. 23090
6. VIIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ wanting
8. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ wanting
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81444
1. ὅταν
2. hotan
3. whenever
4. -
5. 37520
6. C·······
7. whenever
8. whenever
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81445
1. δέ
2. de
3. but
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81446
1. γηράσῃς
2. gēraskō
3. you may age
4. -
5. 10950
6. VSAA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓may˒ age
8. ˱you˲ ˓may˒ age
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81447
1. ἐκτενεῖς
2. ekteinō
3. you will be stretching out
4. stretching
5. 16140
6. VIFA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓will_be˒ stretching_out
8. ˱you˲ ˓will_be˒ stretching_out
9. -
10. Y33; R81398; F81475; F81487
11. 81448
1. τάς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81449
1. τήν
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 81450
1. χεῖρας
2. χeir
3. hands
4. hands
5. 54950
6. N····AFP
7. hands
8. hands
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81451
1. χεῖραν
2. χeir
3. -
4. -
5. 54950
6. N····AFS
7. hand
8. hand
9. -
10. -
11. 81452
1. σοῦ
2. su
3. of you
4. your
5. 47710
6. R···2G·S
7. ˱of˲ you
8. ˱of˲ you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81453
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81454
1. ἄλλος
2. allos
3. another
4. -
5. 2430
6. R····NMS
7. another
8. another
9. -
10. Y33; F81467
11. 81455
1. ἄλλοι
2. allos
3. -
4. -
5. 2430
6. R····NMP
7. others
8. others
9. -
10. -
11. 81456
1. σέ
2. su
3. -
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2A·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. -
11. 81457
1. ζώσει
2. zōnnuō
3. -
4. -
5. 22240
6. VIFA3··S
7. ˓will_be˒ girding
8. ˓will_be˒ girding
9. -
10. -
11. 81458
1. ζώσουσιν
2. zōnnuō
3. will be girding
4. -
5. 22240
6. VIFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ girding
8. ˓will_be˒ girding
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81459
1. σέ
2. su
3. you
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2A·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81460
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81461
1. ἀποίσουσιν
2. apoferō
3. -
4. -
5. 6670
6. VIFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ carrying
8. ˓will_be˒ carrying
9. -
10. -
11. 81462
1. ἀπάγουσιν
2. apagō
3. -
4. -
5. 5200
6. VIPA3··P
7. ˓are˒ loving
8. ˓are˒ loving
9. -
10. -
11. 81463
1. ἐπάγουσιν
2. epagō
3. -
4. -
5. 18630
6. VIPA3··P
7. ˓are˒ bringing_upon
8. ˓are˒ bringing_upon
9. -
10. -
11. 81464
1. ποιήσουσιν
2. poieō
3. -
4. -
5. 41600
6. VIFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ doing
8. ˓will_be˒ doing
9. -
10. -
11. 81465
1. οἴσουσιν
2. ferō
3. -
4. -
5. 53420
6. VIFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ bringing
8. ˓will_be˒ bringing
9. -
10. -
11. 81466
1. οἴσει
2. ferō
3. will be bringing
4. -
5. 53420
6. VIFA3··S
7. ˓will_be˒ bringing
8. ˓will_be˒ bringing
9. -
10. Y33; R81455
11. 81467
1. σέ
2. su
3. -
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2A·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. -
11. 81468
1. σοί
2. su
3. -
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·S
7. ˱to˲ you
8. ˱to˲ you
9. -
10. -
11. 81469
1. ὅσα
2. hosos
3. -
4. -
5. 37450
6. R····NNP
7. as_much_as
8. as_much_as
9. -
10. -
11. 81470
1. ὅπου
2. hopou
3. where
4. -
5. 36990
6. D·······
7. where
8. where
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81471
1. σύ
2. su
3. -
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2N·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. -
11. 81472
1. οὒ
2. ou
3. not
4. don't
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81473
1. θέλεις
2. thelō
3. you are wanting
4. -
5. 23090
6. VIPA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ wanting
8. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ wanting
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81474

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 21:15–19: Jesus restored Peter

After breakfast Jesus spoke with Simon Peter, restoring him and encouraging him. Three times he asked if Peter, calling him Simon, loved him. When Peter said that he did, Jesus told him to feed or care for his sheep, meaning his followers.

Here are other possible section headings:

Jesus asked Peter if he loved him

Jesus again gave Peter a ministry

Jesus asked Peter to feed his sheep

Paragraph 21:15–19

Just before Jesus’ death, Peter had denied knowing him. Now Jesus spoke with Peter. He restored their relationship and gave him a ministry in which Peter could serve him.

In this paragraph Jesus asked Peter three questions, and Peter replied each time. Each question and answer used one of two different Greek words that the BSB translates as “love.” Jesus used one word (agapaō) when he asked the first two questions. He used the other Greek word (phileō) when he asked the third question. Peter used the second word in all his answers. There are two ways to interpret the word choice here:

Both words mean the same thing. In this context (as in other places in John) they are used as synonyms. For example:
“Simon son of John, do you love me more than these?” “Yes, Lord,” Peter replied, “you know I love you.” (NCV) (BSB, GNT, ESV, NLT, RSV, NRSV, NIV2011, KJV, NASB, REB, NJB, GW, NCV, CEV)
One Greek word refers to a stronger love than the other. Jesus used the stronger word (agapaō) in his first two questions. All the other times that the word “love” appears, it is the weaker Greek word. This second word (phileō) means “to be fond of” or “to be a friend.” For example:
Jesus said to Simon Peter, “Simon son of John, do you truly love me more than these?” “Yes, Lord,” he said, “you know that I love you.” (NIV84) (NIV84)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and most Bible scholars.See the footnote in the NET (21:15, footnote d) and Carson for more details. You may follow this interpretation by using the same word for love or by using synonyms. Do what is more natural in your language. For example:

do you love me?…am I dear to you?

21:18

This verse includes a play on words involving two different idioms that both use the word “tie.” The meaning of the verse is that when Peter was young he tied up his robe to go wherever he wanted. But when he became old, people would tie his arms to a beam that would become part of a cross. Then they would take him to a place where they would crucify him. See the General Comment following the notes on 21:18.

21:18a

Truly, truly, I tell you,

I have something important to say to you^(sing).
Listen^(sing) carefully to what I am about to say.

Truly, truly, I tell you: This clause indicates that an important statement will follow. See how you translated it in 3:3 and 3:5.

you: This pronoun is singular and refers to Peter.

21:18b

when you were young, you dressed yourself and walked where you wanted;

When you^(sing) were a young man you tied your own clothes/robes and went where you wanted to go.
In your youth you^(sing) could tie your own clothes and go wherever you wanted to go.

when you were young: The Greek clause that the BSB translates as when you were young refers to an earlier time, when Peter was younger. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

when you were younger (NRSV)

when you were a young man (CEV)

in your youth

you dressed yourself: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as you dressed yourself refers to tying something. It usually referred to the way that a man tied his robe at the waist to prepare to work or travel. People in Jesus’ time did not have leather belts like ones that people wear today. They did not have metal buckles to connect the ends of the belt. They used something like a rope to tie their clothes. Refer to the action of tying one’s clothes in a way that is natural in your language. Or you can use a more general statement. For example:

you tied your clothes around you (NET)

you used to fasten your own belt (NRSV)

you got ready yourself

and walked where you wanted: Peter had always been free to go where he wanted to go. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

and walk wherever you wished (NASB)

21:18c

but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands,

Yet when you^(sing) are an old man it will be different. You will stretch out your arms
However, in your^(sing) old age you will reach out your hands/arms onto a cross.

but when you are old: This refers to a time that was still future when Jesus spoke. Peter was not yet old. Use an expression that is natural in your language for referring to a future time that is many years later. For example:

but when you are an old man (JBP)

but after you become old

but in your old age

you will stretch out your hands: This clause probably refers to a person being prepared for crucifixion. Soldiers stretched out the arms of the condemned man on the shorter beam of the cross and tied them there. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

you will hold out your hands (CEV)

you will put out your hands (NCV)

your hands: The word that the BSB translates as hands refers to both hands and arms.

21:18d

and someone else will dress you

and other people will tie you^(sing) up.
Then someone else will tie you^(sing) on it

and someone else will dress you: The Greek expression that the BSB translates as dress is more literally “tie.” It is the same word that John used in 21:18b. There are two ways to interpret this expression here:

It refers to a soldier tying Peter’s arms to one beam of the cross. Then Peter would carry the beam to the place where they would crucify him. For example:
someone else will bind you (GNT) (REB, NET, GNT, NCV)
It refers to someone tying Peter’s clothes. For example:
Then others will wrap your belt around you (CEV) (BSB, CEV, ESV, NRSV, NIV, NJB, GW, NLT)

A few other translations are ambiguous. It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). The previous clause referred to Peter being crucified. So this clause probably also refers to crucifixion even though the Greek word usually refers to getting dressed. But do not refer explicitly to crucifixion in your translation. Instead, just refer to Peter being tied up. Because the BSB follows interpretation (2), the Display uses the NET as the Source Line.

someone else: The Greek word that the BSB translates as someone else is more literally “another.” Use the expression that is natural in your language to refer to other people. Here the other person or people tying Peter up would be Roman soldiers.

21:18e

and lead you where you do not want to go.”

Then they will take/lead you^(sing) to where you do not want to go.”
and force you^(sing) to go to a place that you want to avoid.”

and lead you where you do not want to go: This expression refers to how soldiers would force Peter to carry the shorter beam of the cross. They forced him to carry it to the place where they would crucify him. Here are other ways to translate this expression:

and bring you where you do not want to go (NET)

where you do not want to go: In some languages it may be natural to translate this with a positive expression. For example:

a place that you want to avoid

General Comment on 21:18

This is a difficult prophecy to translate because it has a play on words involving two different idioms. Both idioms use the word “tie,” but in different ways. There is lots of implicit information in these two idioms. Jesus indicated that when Peter was young he tied up his robe to go wherever he wanted to go. But when he became old, people would tie his arms to one beam of a cross. Then they would lead him out to crucify him.

It is good if you can keep the play on words. However, it is more important that your readers understand the meaning. So if there is no word like “tie” that can be used in both sentences, you may want to include a footnote. In the footnote you can explain the play on words by showing how one word connects the two sentences. For example:

Listen carefully to what I am telling you. When you were a young man you dressed yourself and went wherever you wanted to go. But when you are old, you will have to stretch your arms out so that someone can tie your arms to a cross. Then he will force you to go where you do not want to go.

Footnote: The Greek says, “Very truly, I tell you, when you were younger, you used to tie yourself and to go wherever you wanted. But when you are old, you will stretch out your arms, and someone else will tie you. And they will take you where you do not want to go.”

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν, λέγω σοι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω σοί ὅτε ἦς νεώτερος ἐζώννυες σεαυτόν καί περιεπάτεις ὅπου ἤθελες ὅταν δέ γηράσῃς ἐκτενεῖς τάς χεῖρας σοῦ καί ἄλλος ζώσουσιν σέ καί οἴσει ὅπου οὒ θέλεις)

Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the truth of the statement that follows. See how you translated this phrase in [1:51](../01/51.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

ἐζώννυες σεαυτὸν & ζώσει σε

˱you˲_˓were˒_girding (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω σοί ὅτε ἦς νεώτερος ἐζώννυες σεαυτόν καί περιεπάτεις ὅπου ἤθελες ὅταν δέ γηράσῃς ἐκτενεῖς τάς χεῖρας σοῦ καί ἄλλος ζώσουσιν σέ καί οἴσει ὅπου οὒ θέλεις)

Although gird means to put on a belt, Jesus uses it in this verse to refer to putting on clothes. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [you used to dress yourself … will dress you]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐκτενεῖς τὰς χεῖράς σου

˱you˲_˓will_be˒_stretching_out (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω σοί ὅτε ἦς νεώτερος ἐζώννυες σεαυτόν καί περιεπάτεις ὅπου ἤθελες ὅταν δέ γηράσῃς ἐκτενεῖς τάς χεῖρας σοῦ καί ἄλλος ζώσουσιν σέ καί οἴσει ὅπου οὒ θέλεις)

Here, stretch out means to extend one’s hands away from one’s sides. This describes the posture of someone who is being crucified. It does not mean that the hands themselves stretch. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [you will extend your hands out from your sides]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Truly
2. -
3. 2810
4. S
5. amēn
6. I-·······
7. truly
8. truly
9. S
10. Y33
11. 81431
1. truly
2. -
3. 2810
5. amēn
6. I-·······
7. truly
8. truly
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81432
1. I am saying
2. -
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IPA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33; R81425
11. 81433
1. to you
2. -
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2D·S
7. ˱to˲ you
8. ˱to˲ you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81434
1. when
2. -
3. 37530
5. hote
6. C-·······
7. when
8. when
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81436
1. you were
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ were
8. ˱you˲ were
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81437
1. younger
2. young
3. 35125
5. neōteros
6. S-····NMS
7. younger
8. younger
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81438
1. you were girding
2. -
3. 22240
5. zōnnuō
6. V-IIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ girding
8. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ girding
9. -
10. Y33; R81398; F81475; F81487
11. 81439
1. yourself
2. yourself
3. 45720
5. seautou
6. R-···2AMS
7. yourself
8. yourself
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81440
1. and
2. but
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81441
1. you were walking
2. -
3. 40430
5. peripateō
6. V-IIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ walking
8. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ walking
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81442
1. where
2. -
3. 36990
5. hopou
6. D-·······
7. where
8. where
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81443
1. you were wanting
2. -
3. 23090
5. ethelō
6. V-IIA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ wanting
8. ˱you˲ ˓were˒ wanting
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81444
1. but
2. -
3. 11610
5. de
6. C-·······
7. but
8. but
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81446
1. whenever
2. -
3. 37520
5. hotan
6. C-·······
7. whenever
8. whenever
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81445
1. you may age
2. -
3. 10950
5. gēraskō
6. V-SAA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓may˒ age
8. ˱you˲ ˓may˒ age
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81447
1. you will be stretching out
2. stretching
3. 16140
5. ekteinō
6. V-IFA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓will_be˒ stretching_out
8. ˱you˲ ˓will_be˒ stretching_out
9. -
10. Y33; R81398; F81475; F81487
11. 81448
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AFP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81449
1. hands
2. hands
3. 54950
5. χeir
6. N-····AFP
7. hands
8. hands
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81451
1. of you
2. your
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2G·S
7. ˱of˲ you
8. ˱of˲ you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81453
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81454
1. another
2. -
3. 2430
5. allos
6. R-····NMS
7. another
8. another
9. -
10. Y33; F81467
11. 81455
1. will be girding
2. -
3. 22240
5. zōnnuō
6. V-IFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ girding
8. ˓will_be˒ girding
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81459
1. you
2. -
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2A·S
7. you
8. you
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81460
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81461
1. will be bringing
2. -
3. 53420
5. ferō
6. V-IFA3··S
7. ˓will_be˒ bringing
8. ˓will_be˒ bringing
9. -
10. Y33; R81455
11. 81467
1. where
2. -
3. 36990
5. hopou
6. D-·······
7. where
8. where
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81471
1. you are
2. -
3. 23090
5. thelō
6. V-IPA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ wanting
8. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ wanting
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81474
1. not
2. don't
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 81473
1. wanting
2. -
3. 23090
5. thelō
6. V-IPA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ wanting
8. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ wanting
9. -
10. Y33; R81398
11. 81474

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 21:18

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)