OET interlinear NEH 13:15

uW Translation Notes:

בַּ⁠יָּמִ֣ים הָ⁠הֵ֡מָּה

in_the=days the,those

This phrase indicates that this event took place at the same time as the event the story has just related. If it would be helpful in your language, you could show this relationship by using a phrase such as “around that same time.”

רָאִ֣יתִי בִֽ⁠יהוּדָ֣ה ׀ דֹּֽרְכִֽים־גִּתּ֣וֹת

saw in/on/at/with,Judah treading winepresses

Alternate translation: “I saw that some of the people of Judah were treading winepresses”

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

דֹּֽרְכִֽים־גִּתּ֣וֹת

treading winepresses

The word winepresses represents the grapes that were in the winepresses. The people were treading on the grapes to press the juice out of them so that they could make wine. Alternate translation: “treading on grapes in winepresses”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

בַּ⁠שַּׁבָּ֡ת

in/on/at/with,sabbath

The implication is that the people of Judah should not have been doing such work on the Sabbath because God had commanded them to set apart that day, the seventh day of the week, as a special day for rest and worship. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “on the Sabbath, when they should not have been doing any work”

Note 3 topic: translate-names

בַּ⁠שַּׁבָּ֡ת

in/on/at/with,sabbath

This is the name of a religious observance. It occurs repeatedly in this part of the story, through 13:22. It will be helpful to your readers if you translate it consistently.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וּ⁠מְבִיאִ֣ים הָ⁠עֲרֵמ֣וֹת וְֽ⁠עֹמְסִ֪ים עַל־הַ⁠חֲמֹרִ֟ים וְ⁠אַף־יַ֜יִן עֲנָבִ֤ים וּ⁠תְאֵנִים֙ וְ⁠כָל־מַשָּׂ֔א וּ⁠מְבִיאִ֥ים יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם בְּ⁠י֣וֹם הַ⁠שַּׁבָּ֑ת

and,bringing_in the,heaps_of_grain and,loading on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in the,donkeys and,along_with wine grapes and,figs and=all loads and,bringing Yerushalayim in/on=day the,sabbath

These ones are not three different groups, but various people of Judah who were collectively doing all these things. The implication is that they were bringing these goods to Jerusalem to sell them even on the Sabbath. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. “Others had loaded their wares, such as sheaves of grain, wine, grapes, figs, and other goods, onto donkeys, and they were bringing these goods into Jerusalem to sell on the Sabbath day”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וָ⁠אָעִ֕יד בְּ⁠י֖וֹם מִכְרָ֥⁠ם צָֽיִד

and,warned in/on=day selling,they food

The word day could be intended literally here and it could mean that Nehemiah protested that the Sabbath itself was not a day for selling goods since that was work. Another possibility is that the word day does not refer to a specific day, but rather to a more general time when Nehemiah said this. Alternate translation: “I protested that they should not be doing the work of selling on the Sabbath” or “at the time when they were selling these provisions, I protested against that”