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OET interlinear REV 18:8

◄ ← REV 18:8 ↓ → ► ║ ≡ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Διά
    2. dia
    3. Because of
    4. Because of
    5. 12230
    6. P·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 164264
    1. τοῦτο
    2. houtos
    3. this
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. R····ANS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164265
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164266
    1. μιᾷ
    2. heis
    3. one
    4. -
    5. 15200
    6. E····DFS
    7. one
    8. one
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164267
    1. ἡμέρᾳ
    2. hēmera
    3. day
    4. day
    5. 22500
    6. N····DFS
    7. day
    8. day
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164268
    1. ἥξουσιν
    2. ēkō
    3. will be coming
    4. -
    5. 22400
    6. VIFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ coming
    8. ˓will_be˒ coming
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164269
    1. αἱ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164270
    1. πληγαί
    2. plēgē
    3. plagues
    4. disasters
    5. 41270
    6. N····NFP
    7. plagues
    8. plagues
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164271
    1. αὐτῆς
    2. autos
    3. of her
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ her
    8. ˱of˲ her
    9. -
    10. Y96; R164086; Location=Babylon
    11. 164272
    1. θάνατος
    2. thanatos
    3. death
    4. death
    5. 22880
    6. N····NMS
    7. death
    8. death
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164273
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164274
    1. πένθος
    2. penthos
    3. mourning
    4. -
    5. 39970
    6. N····NNS
    7. mourning
    8. mourning
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164275
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164276
    1. λιμός
    2. limos
    3. famine
    4. famine
    5. 30420
    6. N····NMS
    7. famine
    8. famine
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164277
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164278
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. with
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164279
    1. πυρί
    2. pur
    3. fire
    4. fire
    5. 44420
    6. N····DNS
    7. fire
    8. fire
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164280
    1. κατακαυθήσεται
    2. katakaiō
    3. she will be being burned up
    4. be up
    5. 26180
    6. VIFP3··S
    7. ˱she˲ ˓will_be_being˒ burned_up
    8. ˱she˲ ˓will_be_being˒ burned_up
    9. -
    10. Y96; R164086; Location=Babylon
    11. 164281
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. because
    4. because
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164282
    1. ἰσχυρός
    2. isχuros
    3. mighty is
    4. -
    5. 24780
    6. S····NMS
    7. mighty ‹is›
    8. mighty ‹is›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164283
    1. Κύριος
    2. kurios
    3. +the master
    4. Yahweh
    5. 29620
    6. N····NMS
    7. ˓the˒ master
    8. ˓the˒ Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y96
    11. 164284
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. the
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164285
    1. Θεός
    2. theos
    3. god
    4. God
    5. 23160
    6. N····NMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y96; Person=God
    11. 164286
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 164287
    1. Κύριος
    2. kurios
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 29620
    6. N····NMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. -
    11. 164288
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. which
    4. that
    5. 35880
    6. R····NMS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164289
    1. κρίνας
    2. krinō
    3. having judged
    4. has judged
    5. 29190
    6. VPAA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ judged
    8. ˓having˒ judged
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164290
    1. κρίνων
    2. krinō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 29190
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. judging
    8. judging
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 164291
    1. αὐτήν
    2. autos
    3. her
    4. her
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AFS
    7. her
    8. her
    9. -
    10. Y96; R164086; Location=Babylon
    11. 164292

OET (OET-LV) Because_of this, in one day will_be_coming the plagues of_her, death, and mourning, and famine, and with fire she_will_be_being_burned_up, because mighty is the_master the god which having_judged her.

OET (OET-RV) Because of that, her disasters will suddenly arrive one day,
 ⇔ death and grief and famine.
 ⇔ She’ll be burnt up by fire,
 ⇔ because it’s the powerful Yahweh God who has judged her.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:1–24: Announcements/Messages about Babylon

In this section, three heavenly beings each announce something about Babylon. The first announcement is that the city is destroyed. Her riches and prosperity have been taken away.

The second announcement is that God’s people should leave Babylon before God destroys her. It also describes how kings and others mourn over the destroyed city.

The third announcement is that Babylon will never be built again.

Other examples of headings for this section are:

An angel announced that Babylon was destroyed, and some groups are sad

Announcements about the destruction of Babylon

Various people talk about Babylon

18:8a

Therefore her plagues will come in one day—

her plagues will come: The BSB literally represents the Greek here. This clause indicates that Babylon will suffer from these plagues. Other ways to translate this clause are:

she will experience her plagues (NET)

she will be struck with plagues (GNT)

plagues shall strike her (REB)

The plagues are listed in 18:8b. The BSB indicates the list of plagues follows by using a long dash (—) at the end of 18:8a. The NIV indicates that by using a colon.

plagues: Here the word plagues refers to “death and grief and famine” (18:8b). In some languages a literal translation would wrongly indicate only sicknesses. If that is true in your language, use a word that can refer to death, mourning, and famine. For example:

disasters

in one day: God will punish her with all the plagues in one day. This phrase also implies that the plagues will be sudden.

18:8b

death and grief and famine—

death and grief and famine: This phrase is a list of Babylon’s plagues (18:8a). Clearly indicate that death and grief and famine are her plagues. For example:

namely, death, mourning, and famine

The BSB uses punctuation as described in the previous note.

death: There are several ways to interpret the Greek word that the BSB translates as death:

  1. The Greek word here has its literal meaning of death. For example:

    death (NLT) (BSB, NIV, NLT, GW, CEV, NCV, ESV, KJV)

  2. The Greek word here means fatal disease. For example:

    pestilence (RSV) (RSV, NASB, NABRE, REB)

  3. The Greek word here refers to disease in general. For example:

    disease (GNT) (GNT, NJB, NET)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), because that is the usual meaning of the Greek word.Swete (page 231) and Lenski (page 521) support interpretation (1). But the Greek word may figuratively refer to things that lead to death, probably fatal diseases. See Smalley (155).

grief: This word is the same Greek word that the BSB translates as “grief” in 18:7b. You may want to translate it with the same word here.

famine: This word refers to an extreme shortage of food. During a famine, people die from hunger.

18:8c

and she will be consumed by fire,

she will be consumed by fire: This clause indicates that a fire will burn Babylon completely. The clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause. For example:

Fire will burn her to ashes

They will completely burn her

consumed: Here the word consumed indicates that Babylon will be completely burned by fire.

18:8d

for mighty is the Lord God who judges her.”

for: This conjunction introduces the reason why Babylon will be consumed by fire.

mighty is the Lord God who judges her: The BSB and some English versions have the description (the adjective mighty) before the one described. This is an English poetic style. In some languages it is more natural to have the description after. For example:

the Lord God, who judges her, is mighty (GNT)

mighty: This word not only refers to physical strength, but probably also to great authority. God has both the power and authority to judge Babylon.

the Lord God who judges her: The clause who judges her tells the reader more about God. In some languages a literal translation would wrongly indicate that there are other gods and only this one judges her. If that is true in your language, translate this clause so that it tells more about God. For example:

the Lord God. He judges her.

her judge is the…Lord God (CEV)

Lord: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Lord means “the one who has authority over (others),” or “owner.” God has authority over everyone. See how you translated this word in 4:8 or 17:14.

judges her: The word judges refers to deciding if someone is guilty or innocent of wrongdoing. The context implies that the Lord judged Babylon to be guilty. So he punished her with death, mourning, and famine (18:8b).

In some languages a literal translation would wrongly indicate only that God judged her, but he did not punish her. If that is true in your language, include some of the implied information. For example:

judges/judged her in that way

judges/judged her and punished her with those plagues

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ

in one day

The voice is using the term day to mean a short time. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [in just a short time]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐν πυρὶ κατακαυθήσεται

in with (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Διά τοῦτο ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ἥξουσιν αἱ πληγαί αὐτῆς θάνατος καί πένθος καί λιμός καί ἐν πυρί κατακαυθήσεται ὅτι ἰσχυρός Κύριος ὁ Θεός ὁ κρίνας αὐτήν)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [fire will consume her]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Because of
    2. Because of
    3. 12230
    4. S
    5. dia
    6. P-·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 164264
    1. this
    2. -
    3. 37780
    5. houtos
    6. R-····ANS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164265
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164266
    1. one
    2. -
    3. 15200
    5. heis
    6. E-····DFS
    7. one
    8. one
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164267
    1. day
    2. day
    3. 22500
    5. hēmera
    6. N-····DFS
    7. day
    8. day
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164268
    1. will be coming
    2. -
    3. 22400
    5. ēkō
    6. V-IFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ coming
    8. ˓will_be˒ coming
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164269
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164270
    1. plagues
    2. disasters
    3. 41270
    5. plēgē
    6. N-····NFP
    7. plagues
    8. plagues
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164271
    1. of her
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ her
    8. ˱of˲ her
    9. -
    10. Y96; R164086; Location=Babylon
    11. 164272
    1. death
    2. death
    3. 22880
    5. thanatos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. death
    8. death
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164273
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164274
    1. mourning
    2. -
    3. 39970
    5. penthos
    6. N-····NNS
    7. mourning
    8. mourning
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164275
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164276
    1. famine
    2. famine
    3. 30420
    5. limos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. famine
    8. famine
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164277
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164278
    1. with
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164279
    1. fire
    2. fire
    3. 44420
    5. pur
    6. N-····DNS
    7. fire
    8. fire
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164280
    1. she will be being burned up
    2. be up
    3. 26180
    5. katakaiō
    6. V-IFP3··S
    7. ˱she˲ ˓will_be_being˒ burned_up
    8. ˱she˲ ˓will_be_being˒ burned_up
    9. -
    10. Y96; R164086; Location=Babylon
    11. 164281
    1. because
    2. because
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164282
    1. mighty is
    2. -
    3. 24780
    5. isχuros
    6. S-····NMS
    7. mighty ‹is›
    8. mighty ‹is›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164283
    1. +the master
    2. Yahweh
    3. 29620
    4. GN
    5. kurios
    6. N-····NMS
    7. ˓the˒ master
    8. ˓the˒ Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y96
    11. 164284
    1. the
    2. the
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164285
    1. god
    2. God
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y96; Person=God
    11. 164286
    1. which
    2. that
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164289
    1. having judged
    2. has judged
    3. 29190
    5. krinō
    6. V-PAA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ judged
    8. ˓having˒ judged
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 164290
    1. her
    2. her
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AFS
    7. her
    8. her
    9. -
    10. Y96; R164086; Location=Babylon
    11. 164292

OET (OET-LV) Because_of this, in one day will_be_coming the plagues of_her, death, and mourning, and famine, and with fire she_will_be_being_burned_up, because mighty is the_master the god which having_judged her.

OET (OET-RV) Because of that, her disasters will suddenly arrive one day,
 ⇔ death and grief and famine.
 ⇔ She’ll be burnt up by fire,
 ⇔ because it’s the powerful Yahweh God who has judged her.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← REV 18:8 ↑ → ► ║ ≡ ©