OET interlinear REV 18:20

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / quotemarks

εὐφραίνου

/be_being/_gladdened

The sea workers finish speaking at the end of verse 19. Someone else begins speaking here. It would be appropriate to show this in your translation by using whatever punctuation or convention your language uses to show the end of one quotation and the beginning of another.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

εὐφραίνου

/be_being/_gladdened

In this verse, someone breaks into John’s narrative of his vision to speak directly to the audience in heaven and on earth. ULT puts the verse in parentheses to show this. There may be a comparable convention in your language that you can use in your translation. You can also state explicitly who is speaking, as UST does. That speaker could be: (1) the voice from heaven that spoke in 18:4–8 or another voice from heaven. (2) Jesus, as in 16:15. (3) John himself.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

εὐφραίνου

/be_being/_gladdened

The implied “you” in the imperative Rejoice is singular here because this imperative addresses heaven. The pronoun you is plural because it addresses the saints and apostles and prophets. So use a singular imperative and a plural pronoun in your translation if your language marks that distinction.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

οὐρανέ

heaven

The speaker is referring to everyone who lives in heaven by association with heaven itself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all of you who live in heaven”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἔκρινεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς

judged ¬the God the judgment ˱for˲_you_all by her

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of judgment, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “God has judged her for what she did to you”

Note 6 topic: writing-poetry

ἔκρινεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς

judged ¬the God the judgment ˱for˲_you_all by her

The speaker is using a construction in which a verb and its object come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have its own way of describing this. Alternate translation: “she deserved to be judged for what she did to you, and God has indeed judged her”