OET interlinear ROM 2:29

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ Ἰουδαῖος

on the secret /a/_Jew_‹is›

The word translated secretly refers to something that other people cannot see or that is hidden. The meaning here is the opposite of “visibly” in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “a Jew in an inward way not seen by others”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

Ἰουδαῖος

/a/_Jew_‹is›

Here Paul uses Jew in the same way he did in the previous verse. See how you translated this word in the previous verse.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

περιτομὴ καρδίας

circumcision_‹is› ˱of˲_heart

Paul is using the possessive form to describe a circumcision that is performed in the heart. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “circumcision is performed in the heart” or “circumcision is an inward change”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

περιτομὴ καρδίας

circumcision_‹is› ˱of˲_heart

The phrase circumcision of the heart is an idiom that refers to the change in thinking and attitude that happens when God saves a person. It can also be considered an inward mark of belonging to God’s people, just as circumcision was an outer mark of being Jewish. This expression first occurred in the Old Testament (Deuteronomy 30:6; Jeremiah 4:4). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. See how you translated “this circumcision” in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “truly belongs to God’s people by removal of sin”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

καρδίας

˱of˲_heart

See how you translated this word in 1:21.

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν Πνεύματι, οὐ γράμματι

on by /the/_Spirit not ˱by˲_/the/_letter

Here, both occurrences of in indicate the means by which something happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by means of the Spirit, not by means of the letter”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐν Πνεύματι

on by /the/_Spirit

Here, the Spirit could refer to: (1) the Holy Spirit, who changes a person’s thoughts and attitude when God saves that person, as in the UST. (2) a person’s spirit, which would require interpreting in to refer to a place. Alternate translation: “in one’s spirit”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

γράμματι

˱by˲_/the/_letter

See how you translated letter in 2:27.

Note 9 topic: writing-pronouns

οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος

˱of˲_whom the praise

The pronoun whose refers to the one who is inwardly a Jew. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that inward Jew’s praise”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος

˱of˲_whom the praise

Paul is using the possessive form whose to indicate who receives the praise. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “his praise”

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

ἐξ ἀνθρώπων

of humans

Although the term men is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “from people”