NUM 21:18 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX ὤρυξαν αὐτὸ ἄρχοντες, ἐξελατόμησαν αὐτὸ βασιλεῖς ἐθνῶν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτῶν, ἐν τῷ κυριεῦσαι αὐτῶν·
(ōruxan auto arⱪontes, exelatomaʸsan auto basileis ethnōn en taʸ basileia autōn, en tōi kurieusai autōn; )

BrTr the princes digged it, the kings of the nations in their kingdom, in their lordship sank it in the rock: and they went from the well to Manthanain,

ULT the well leaders dug,
⇔ the noblemen of the people dug it,
⇔ with a decreer’s staff and their staffs.”
§ And from the wilderness to Mattanah

UST Sing about this well
⇔ which our leaders dug;
⇔ they dug out the dirt with their royal scepters and their walking sticks.”
§ Then the Israelites left that wilderness and went through Mattanah.

BSB The princes dug the well;
⇔ the nobles of the people hollowed it out
⇔ with their scepters
⇔ and with their staffs.”
§ From the wilderness the Israelites went on to Mattanah,

OEB No OEB NUM book available

WEBBE the well, which the princes dug,
⇔ which the nobles of the people dug,
⇔ with the sceptre, and with their poles.”
¶ From the wilderness they travelled to Mattanah;

WMBB (Same as above)

NET The well which the princes dug,
⇔ which the leaders of the people opened
⇔ with their scepters and their staffs.”
¶ And from the wilderness they traveled to Mattanah;

LSV A well—princes have dug it,
Nobles of the people have prepared it,
With the lawgiver, with their staffs.” And from the wilderness [they journeyed] to Mattanah,

FBV The tribal chiefs dug the well; yes the leaders of the people dug the well with their rods of authority and their walking sticks.”
¶ The Israelites left the desert and carried on to Mattanah.

T4T Sing about this well
⇔ which our leaders dug;
⇔ they dug out the dirt with their royal scepters and their walking sticks.”
§ Then the Israelis left that desert and went through Mattanah,

LEB Well water that the princes dug, that the leaders of the people dug, with a staff and with their rods.” And from the desert they continued to Mattanah,

BBE The fountain made by the chiefs, made deep by the great ones of the people, with the law-givers' rod, and with their sticks. Then from the waste land they went on to Mattanah:

Moff No Moff NUM book available

JPS The well, which the princes digged, which the nobles of the people delved, with the sceptre, and with their staves. And from the wilderness to Mattanah;

ASV The well, which the princes digged,
⇔ Which the nobles of the people delved,
⇔ With the sceptre, and with their staves.
§ And from the wilderness they journeyed to Mattanah;

DRA The well, which the princes dug, and the chiefs of the people prepared by the direction of the lawgiver, and with their staves. And they marched from the wilderness to Mathana.

YLT 'A well — digged it have princes, Prepared it have nobles of the people, With the lawgiver, with their staves.' And from the wilderness [they journeyed] to Mattanah,

Drby Well which princes digged, which the nobles of the people hollowed out at [the word of] the lawgiver, with their staves. And from the wilderness [they went] to Mattanah;

RV The well, which the princes digged, Which the nobles of the people delved, With the sceptre, and with their staves. And from the wilderness they journeyed to Mattanah:

Wbstr The princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staffs. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:

KJB-1769 The princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:

KJB-1611 The Princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the Law-giuer, with their staues. And from the wildernesse they went to Mattanah:
(The Princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the Law-giuer, with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:)

Bshps The princes digged this well, the captaynes of the people digged it with the lawe geuer, and with their staues. And from the wildernesse they went to Mathana:
(The princes digged this well, the captains of the people digged it with the law geuer, and with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mathana:)

Gnva The princes digged this well, the captaines of the people digged it, euen the lawe giuer, with their staues. And from the wildernesse they came to Mattanah,
(The princes digged this well, the captains of the people digged it, even the law giuer, with their staves. And from the wilderness they came to Mattanah, )

Cvdl This is the well, that the prynces dygged: the nobles amonge the people haue digged it thorow ye teacher and their staues. And from this wildernes they wente vnto Mathana,
(This is the well, that the princes dygged: the nobles among the people have digged it through ye/you_all teacher and their staves. And from this wilderness they went unto Mathana,)

Wycl thei sungen togidere, The pit which the princes diggiden, and the duykis of the multitude maden redi, in the yyuere of the lawe, and in her stauys. And thei yeden forth fro the wildirnesse to Mathana,
(thei sungen together, The pit which the princes diggiden, and the duykis of the multitude maden ready, in the yyuere of the law, and in her stauys. And they went forth from the wilderness to Mathana,)

Luth Das ist der Brunnen, den die Fürsten gegraben haben; die Edlen im Volk haben ihn gegraben durch den Lehrer und ihre Stäbe. Und von dieser Wüste zogen sie gen Mathana;
(The is the/of_the Brunnen, the the prince(s) gegraben have; the Edlen in_the people have him/it gegraben through the Lehrer and their/her Stäbe. And from dieser desert pulled they/she/them to/toward Mathana;)

ClVg [Puteus, quem foderunt principes et paraverunt duces multitudinis in datore legis, et in baculis suis.] De solitudine, Matthana.[fn]
([Puteus, which foderunt principes and paraverunt duces multitudinis in datore legis, and in baculis to_his_own.] De solitudine, Matthana. )

21.18 Principes. Possunt iidem vocari principes et reges. Vel principes prophetas intelligamus: ipsi enim sensum et prophetiam de Christo defossam in profunditate litteræ collocaverunt, ideo de illis dicitur: Nisi occulte audieritis, plorabit anima vestra. Et alibi: Quam magna multitudo dulcedinis tuæ, Domine, quam abscondisti timentibus te Psal. 30.. Reges sunt apostoli qui perscrutantur alta Dei et Ecclesias regunt, unde et Christus dicitur Rex regum. Et paraverunt duces. ORIG. Excuderunt, inquit, etc., usque ad et verbi Dei arcana perscrutantes. Profectique sunt. ORIG. Profecti a puteo, etc., usque ad ut affectus noster et fides probetur. Qui de hoc puteo bibit, ad hoc proficit ut habeat munera quæ Deo offerat, de quibus in lege dicitur: Munera mea data mea. Levit. 2.. Ex his ergo quæ Deus dedit, offertur Deo; dedit autem agnitionem sui, et homo offert ei fidem suam et affectum. Cum obtulerimus quæ ex nobis sunt, consequimur quæ ex Deo sunt. Cum enim nostram fidem et affectum obtulerimus, tunc ipse largitur diversa dona Spiritus sancti, de quo dicitur: Omnia autem ex Deo sunt Rom. 11..

21.18 Principes. Possunt iidem vocari principes and reges. Vel principes prophetas intelligamus: ipsi because sensum and prophetiam about Christo defossam in profunditate litteræ collocaverunt, ideo about illis it_is_said: Nisi occulte audieritis, plorabit anima vestra. And alibi: Quam magna multitudo dulcedinis tuæ, Domine, how abscondisti timentibus te Psal. 30.. Reges are apostoli who perscrutantur alta of_God and Ecclesias regunt, whence and Christus it_is_said Rex of_kings. And paraverunt duces. ORIG. Excuderunt, inquit, etc., until to and verbi of_God arcana perscrutantes. Profectique are. ORIG. Profecti from puteo, etc., until to as affectus noster and fides probetur. Who about this puteo bibit, to this proficit as have munera which Deo offerat, about to_whom in lege it_is_said: Munera mea data my. Levit. 2.. From his therefore which God he_gave, offertur Deo; he_gave however agnitionem sui, and human offert to_him faith his_own and affectum. Since obtulerimus which from us are, consequimur which from Deo are. Since because nostram faith and affectum obtulerimus, tunc exactly_that/himself largitur diversa dona Spiritus sancti, about quo it_is_said: Everything however from Deo sunt Rom. 11..

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The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness

Numbers 13-14; 20-21; 33; Deuteronomy 1-2; 10:6-9

After the Israelites received the law on Mount Sinai, which may have been located at Khashm et-Tarif (see also “The Route of the Exodus”), they traveled to Kadesh-barnea, a distance that took eleven days “by the way of Mount Seir” (Deuteronomy 1:2). The phrase “by the way of Mount Seir” suggests that more than one route existed between Mount Sinai and Kadesh, as shown here, but the road the Israelites took probably ran alongside the mountainous region of Seir. This route would have offered greater access to water from wells, natural springs, and seasonal streams flowing from the hills of Seir–a critical necessity for a large group traveling through this very arid region. Nearly every location identified on this map was essentially a small community centered around one of these life-enabling sources of water. After reaching Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin, the Israelites prepared to enter Canaan by sending spies to scout out the land. But when ten of the twelve spies brought back news about the strength of the Canaanites, the people became afraid to enter the land, so the Lord punished them by condemning them to travel in the wilderness for forty years until that generation died off. Some Israelites repented and tried to enter the land, but they were beaten back to Hormah by the Amalekites and Canaanites. So for forty years the Israelites traveled from place to place, probably in the general area of Kadesh-barnea, though very few locations mentioned are able to be established with much certainty. As the forty years of traveling drew to a close, the Israelites prepared again to travel to Canaan by requesting permission from the king of Edom to pass through his land. When the king refused, the Israelites “turned away” from the Edomites and set out from Kadesh to travel to Mount Hor. The Jewish historian Josephus located Mount Hor at Jebel Nebi Harun, a very tall mountain in eastern Edom, but this has been rejected by many scholars in favor of other sites such as Jebel Madeira to the northeast of Kadesh. This author is convinced, however, that any candidate for Mount Hor must be sought to the south of Kadesh-barnea. Numbers 33:30 and Deuteronomy 10:6 mention that, during their wilderness travels, the Israelites camped at Moseroth/Moserah, which was apparently located at Mount Hor, since both Moseroth/Moserah and Mount Hor are cited as the place where Aaron died (Numbers 21:29-29; 33:37-39; Deuteronomy 10:6-9). It is difficult to envision the Israelites traveling back to the edge of Canaan after suffering defeat there the last time they attempted to enter the land. These same passages also note that after their stay at Moseroth/Moserah the Israelites traveled to Hor-haggidgad/Gudgodah (probably located along the Wadi Khadakhid) and then to Jotbathah, with no mention of passing through Kadesh, which they would have had to do if Mount Hor was north of Kadesh (since they were avoiding the land of Edom). Also, in Deuteronomy 2:1 Moses says that after the Israelites left Kadesh, “we journeyed back into the wilderness, in the direction of the Red Sea, as the Lord had told me and skirted Mount Seir for many days,” and Aaron’s death on Mount Hor fits best during this time. Similarly, Numbers 21:4 says “from Mount Hor they set out by the way to the Red Sea, to go around the land of Edom,” but there would have been no way to the Red Sea around the land of Edom if Mount Hor were located northeast of Kadesh. One element of the wilderness narratives that appears to favor a northeast location for Mount Hor, however, is the story of the king of Arad, which the book of Numbers (chapters 21 and 33) places immediately after the death of Aaron on Mount Hor. At first glance, the narrative seems to imply that the king attacked the Israelites at Mount Hor, which fits better with a northern location. Yet, it is also possible that the story is simply noting that it was after the Israelites’ arrival at Mount Hor that the king of Arad first learned of the Israelites’ renewed intentions to enter Canaan, perhaps as a result of their request to pass through Edom. But it may have been later that the king of Arad actually engaged them in battle, perhaps as they were passing north of Zalmonah and appeared to be ready to enter Canaan by way of Arad (see Numbers 33:41-42 and the map “The Journey to Abel-shittim”). For these reasons, this author believes that Har Karkom is the best candidate for the location of Mount Hor. The site is appropriately located at the edge of Seir and along the way to the Red Sea. This site’s role as an ancient cultic center is also well established. Perhaps Aaron’s priestly duties and authority in Israel had grown out of a similar role he had previously held at Mount Hor (see also Numbers 12:1-2; Deuteronomy 33:2; Judges 5:4-5), where he was eventually buried.

Parallel NUM 21:18

The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness