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Jos 4 V1 V2 V3 V4 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24

OET interlinear JOS 4:5

◄ ← JOS 4:5 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יֹּאמֶר
    2. 145138,145139
    3. And he/it said
    4. -
    5. 559
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_said
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100385
    1. לָ,הֶם
    2. 145140,145141
    3. to/for them
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    7. to/for=them
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100386
    1. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
    2. 145142
    3. Yəhōshūˊa
    4. -
    5. 3091
    6. S-Np
    7. Joshua
    8. -
    9. Person=Joshua; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100387
    1. עִבְרוּ
    2. 145143
    3. pass over
    4. -
    6. V-Vqv2mp
    7. pass_over
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100388
    1. לִ,פְנֵי
    2. 145144,145145
    3. to (the) face of/in front of/before
    4. -
    5. 6440
    6. S-R,Ncbpc
    7. to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100389
    1. אֲרוֹן
    2. 145146
    3. the box of
    4. box
    5. 727
    6. S-Ncbsc
    7. the_ark_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100390
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 145147
    3. YHWH
    4. Yahweh's
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100391
    1. אֱלֹהֵי,כֶם
    2. 145148,145149
    3. god of your(pl)
    4. god
    5. 430
    6. S-Ncmpc,Sp2mp
    7. God_of,your(pl)
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100392
    1. אֶל
    2. 145150
    3. into
    4. -
    5. 413
    6. S-R
    7. into
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100393
    2. 145151
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 100394
    1. תּוֹךְ
    2. 145152
    3. the middle of
    4. middle
    5. 8432
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. the_middle_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100395
    1. הַ,יַּרְדֵּן
    2. 145153,145154
    3. the Yardēn
    4. Yordan
    5. 3383
    6. S-Td,Np
    7. of,the_Jordan
    8. -
    9. Location=Jordan; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100396
    1. וְ,הָרִימוּ
    2. 145155,145156
    3. and take up
    4. -
    6. SV-C,Vhv2mp
    7. and,take_up
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100397
    1. לָ,כֶם
    2. 145157,145158
    3. to/for you(pl)
    4. you
    6. S-R,Sp2mp
    7. to/for=you(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100398
    1. אִישׁ
    2. 145159
    3. each
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. each
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100399
    1. אֶבֶן
    2. 145160
    3. a stone
    4. rock stone
    5. 68
    6. O-Ncfsa
    7. a_stone
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100400
    1. אַחַת
    2. 145161
    3. one
    4. -
    5. 259
    6. O-Acfsa
    7. one
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100401
    1. עַל
    2. 145162
    3. on
    4. -
    6. S-R
    7. on
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100402
    2. 145163
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 100403
    1. שִׁכְמ,וֹ
    2. 145164,145165
    3. shoulder of his
    4. -
    5. 7926
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    7. shoulder_of,his
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100404
    1. לְ,מִסְפַּר
    2. 145166,145167
    3. to the number of
    4. number
    5. 4557
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. to,the_number_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100405
    1. שִׁבְטֵי
    2. 145168
    3. the tribes of
    4. tribes
    5. 7626
    6. S-Ncmpc
    7. of_the_tribes_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100406
    1. בְנֵי
    2. 145169
    3. the people of
    4. -
    6. S-Ncmpc
    7. of_the_people_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100407
    2. 145170
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 100408
    1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
    2. 145171
    3. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    4. -
    5. 3478
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Israel
    8. -
    9. Person=Israel; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100409
    2. 145172
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 100410

OET (OET-LV) And_he/it_said to/for_them Yəhōshūˊa pass_over to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before the_box_of YHWH god_of_your(pl) into the_middle_of the_Yardēn and_take_up to/for_you(pl) each a_stone one on shoulder_of_his to_the_number_of the_tribes_of the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).

OET (OET-RV) and told them, “Cross back to where your god Yahweh’s box is in the middle of the Yordan and each of you should pick up a rock and carry it back on your shoulder—one stone each on your shoulder to match the number of tribes of Yisra’el’s sons.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 4:1–5:1 The Israelites commemorated the crossing of the Jordan River

Twelve men from among the Israelites each took a stone from the middle of the Jordan River. With these stones Joshua built a monument to remind the Israelite people, and their descendants, about how God helped them cross the river.

Here are some other possible section headings:

Setting up memorial stones

Twelve memorial stones

A reminder that God brought them to the promised land

4:5a

and said to them,

and: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as and indicates the next action in the story. Use a word or particle in your language to show that the story line is progressing.

said to them: The phrase said to them indicates that Joshua told God’s command to the twelve men. In other words, Joshua repeated to the men what God said to him in 4:3. It may be more natural in some languages to use a word such as:

Joshua ordered them

Joshua commanded them

4:5b

“Cross over before the ark of the LORD your God into the middle of the Jordan.

Cross over before the ark of the LORD your God into the middle of the Jordan: The phrase Cross over before the ark means that the twelve men must go into the middle of the riverbed, where the priests stood holding the ark of Yahweh.

ark: See 3:3 for ideas of how to translate the word ark.

4:5c

Each of you is to take a stone upon his shoulder,

Each of you is to take a stone upon his shoulder: The clause Each of you is to take a stone upon his shoulder means that each of the twelve men must pick up one stone and carry it across the river to the other side.

There is implied information here that is not made explicit until 4:8. The men were told to carry the stones to the camping place and put them down there. You may find it helpful to include this implied information here.

Here is another way to translate this part of the verse:

each of you should take a stone on his shoulder, and carry them to the camp and put them down there

4:5d

according to the number of the tribes of Israel,

according to the number of the tribes of Israel: The phrase according to the number of the tribes means that the twelve stones which the men carried across the river each represented one of the Israelite tribes.

General Comment on 4:5

There is some uncertainty about how 4:5 (and 4:8) fits into the sequence of events of chapters 3–4.

  1. The Israelites finished crossing the Jordan River. Then the twelve men went back into the river to get the stones from where the priests were still holding the ark of covenant.

  2. The twelve men picked up the stones while they were crossing the river with the other Israelites. Chapter 4 is a flashback that focuses on one aspect of the crossing, namely, the memorial stones.

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). In 4:1–5 it seems that Joshua talked to the twelve men after the Israelites finished crossing the river. It was after everyone was across that the ceremony of gathering the memorial stones was done.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וְ⁠הָרִ֨ימוּ לָ⁠כֶ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶ֤בֶן אַחַת֙ עַל־שִׁכְמ֔⁠וֹ

and,take_up to/for=you(pl) (a)_man stone one(fs) on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in shoulder_of,his

See how you translated the similar expressions in [3:12](../03/12.md) and [4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: [Each one of you should pick up a large stone and carry it on his shoulder]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

לִ⁠פְנֵ֨י

to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before

See the Introduction to Judges for a discussion of the phrase “to the face of.” Alternate translation: [before]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

4:5 Carrying the stone on a shoulder implies that the men each chose stones weighing some 100 pounds.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And he/it said
    2. -
    3. 1987,683
    5. 145138,145139
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100385
    1. to/for them
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 145140,145141
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100386
    1. Yəhōshūˊa
    2. -
    3. 2901
    5. 145142
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Joshua; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100387
    1. pass over
    2. -
    3. 5896
    5. 145143
    6. V-Vqv2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100388
    1. to (the) face of/in front of/before
    2. -
    3. 3705,6376
    5. 145144,145145
    6. S-R,Ncbpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100389
    1. the box of
    2. box
    3. 231
    5. 145146
    6. S-Ncbsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100390
    1. YHWH
    2. Yahweh's
    3. 3354
    5. 145147
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100391
    1. god of your(pl)
    2. god
    3. 38,1978
    5. 145148,145149
    6. S-Ncmpc,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100392
    1. into
    2. -
    3. 369
    5. 145150
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100393
    1. the middle of
    2. middle
    3. 8360
    5. 145152
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100395
    1. the Yardēn
    2. Yordan
    3. 1893,3173
    5. 145153,145154
    6. S-Td,Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Jordan; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100396
    1. and take up
    2. -
    3. 1987,7391
    5. 145155,145156
    6. SV-C,Vhv2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100397
    1. to/for you(pl)
    2. you
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 145157,145158
    6. S-R,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100398
    1. each
    2. -
    3. 266
    5. 145159
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100399
    1. a stone
    2. rock stone
    3. 353
    5. 145160
    6. O-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100400
    1. one
    2. -
    3. 367
    5. 145161
    6. O-Acfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100401
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 5837
    5. 145162
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100402
    1. shoulder of his
    2. -
    3. 7459,1978
    5. 145164,145165
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100404
    1. to the number of
    2. number
    3. 3705,4151
    5. 145166,145167
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100405
    1. the tribes of
    2. tribes
    3. 7622
    5. 145168
    6. S-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100406
    1. the people of
    2. -
    3. 1043
    5. 145169
    6. S-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100407
    1. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    2. -
    3. 3077
    5. 145171
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Israel; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 100409

OET (OET-LV) And_he/it_said to/for_them Yəhōshūˊa pass_over to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before the_box_of YHWH god_of_your(pl) into the_middle_of the_Yardēn and_take_up to/for_you(pl) each a_stone one on shoulder_of_his to_the_number_of the_tribes_of the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).

OET (OET-RV) and told them, “Cross back to where your god Yahweh’s box is in the middle of the Yordan and each of you should pick up a rock and carry it back on your shoulder—one stone each on your shoulder to match the number of tribes of Yisra’el’s sons.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 4:5 ↑ → ► ║ ©