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Luke 18 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43

OET interlinear LUKE 18:13

◄ ← LUKE 18:13 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 55500
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55501
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. But
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 55502
    1. τελώνης
    2. telōnēs
    3. tax collector
    4. -
    5. 50570
    6. N····NMS
    7. tax_collector
    8. tax_collector
    9. -
    10. Y33; F55512; F55523; F55524; F55534; F55535; F55540
    11. 55503
    1. μακρόθεν
    2. makrothen
    3. afar
    4. -
    5. 31130
    6. D·······
    7. afar
    8. afar
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55504
    1. ἑστώς
    2. istaō
    3. having stood
    4. stood
    5. 24760
    6. VPEA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ stood
    8. ˓having˒ stood
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55505
    1. οὐκ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55506
    1. ἠδύνατο
    2. dunamai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14100
    6. VIIM3··S
    7. ˓was˒ able
    8. ˓was˒ able
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 55507
    1. ἤθελεν
    2. ethelō
    3. was willing
    4. willing
    5. 23090
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ willing
    8. ˓was˒ willing
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55508
    1. οὐδέ
    2. oude
    3. not even
    4. -
    5. 37610
    6. D·······
    7. not_even
    8. not_even
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55509
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. his
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. his
    8. his
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55510
    1. ὀφθαλμούς
    2. ofthalmos
    3. eyes
    4. -
    5. 37880
    6. N····AMP
    7. eyes
    8. eyes
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55511
    1. ἐπᾶραι
    2. epairō
    3. to lift up
    4. -
    5. 18690
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ lift_up
    8. ˓to˒ lift_up
    9. -
    10. Y33; R55503
    11. 55512
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55513
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55514
    1. οὐρανόν
    2. ouranos
    3. sky
    4. -
    5. 37720
    6. N····AMS
    7. sky
    8. sky
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55515
    1. ἐπᾶραι
    2. epairō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 18690
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ lift_up
    8. ˓to˒ lift_up
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 55516
    1. ἀλλʼ
    2. alla
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 2350
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55517
    1. ἔτυπτεν
    2. tuptō
    3. was striking
    4. -
    5. 51800
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ striking
    8. ˓was˒ striking
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55518
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 55519
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····ANS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55520
    1. στῆθος
    2. stēthos
    3. chest
    4. chest
    5. 47380
    6. N····ANS
    7. chest
    8. chest
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55521
    1. ἑαυτοῦ
    2. heautou
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14380
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ himself
    8. ˱of˲ himself
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 55522
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R55503
    11. 55523
    1. λέγων
    2. legō
    3. saying
    4. saying
    5. 30040
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R55503
    11. 55524
    1. Ὁ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E···2VMS
    7. ¬The
    8. ¬The
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 55525
    1. Θεός
    2. theos
    3. god
    4. God
    5. 23160
    6. N····VMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 55526
    1. ἱλάσθητι
    2. ilaskomai
    3. be made atonement
    4. -
    5. 24330
    6. VMAP2··S
    7. ˓be˒ made_atonement
    8. ˓be˒ made_atonement
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55527
    1. μοί
    2. egō
    3. for me
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1D·S
    7. ˱for˲ me
    8. ˱for˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55528
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55529
    1. ἁμαρτωλῷ
    2. hamartōlos
    3. sinner
    4. sinner
    5. 2680
    6. S····DMS
    7. sinner
    8. sinner
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55530

OET (OET-LV) But the tax_collector having_stood afar, was_ not _willing not_even his eyes to_lift_up to the sky, but was_striking the chest of_him saying:
- god, be_made_atonement for_me, the sinner.

OET (OET-RV) But the tax-collector stood at a distance, not even willing to raise his head, instead beating his chest and saying, ‘God, I’m a sinner, take away my guilt.’

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:9–14: Jesus told a parable about praying in a humble way

In this section Jesus told a parable about how to pray with an attitude that God will approve. Jesus told this parable especially for people who thought that they were already righteous and better than other people. The parable shows that God wants people to come before him humbly and ask for his forgiveness.

Some examples of headings for this section are:

The Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector (GNT)

Jesus told a story about two men who prayed

This parable is only found in Luke.

18:13a

But the tax collector stood at a distance,

But: The tax collector’s prayer in this verse contrasts with the Pharisee’s prayer in 18:11–12. The BSB has introduced this contrast with the conjunction But. Some English versions do not have a conjunction. Translate the contrast in a natural way in your language.

the tax collector stood at a distance: The phrase at a distance indicates that the tax collector stood away from the Pharisee and probably also from the other people who were praying.It is also possible that the phrase refers to standing far from the most holy place of the temple. See Hultgren, pp. 123–24. The tax collector was probably in an outer court of the temple, but in a place where the Pharisee could still see him.

In some languages it may be necessary to translate at a distance more specifically. For example:

at a distance from other people

far from the Pharisee

The tax collector was standing far from other people because he knew that he was a sinner. He felt unworthy to come nearer to them. In some languages it may be necessary to make this explicit. For example:

The tax collector stood humbly apart from other people

18:13b

unwilling even to lift up his eyes to heaven.

unwilling even to lift up his eyes to heaven: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates literally as unwilling even to lift up his eyes to heaven is a common expression that often simply means “looked” (as in 16:23). In this context, it refers to looking upward toward the sky. Jews often looked toward the sky when they prayed to God. In that context the sky was a symbol of God’s dwelling place.

The tax collector did not want to look up, because he was ashamed. He knew that he had sinned against God and he did not feel worthy even to look up toward him.The meaning of this action is stated explicitly in 1 Enoch 13:5: “For from thence forward they could not speak (with Him) nor lift up their eyes to heaven for shame of their sins for which they had been condemned.” (http:www.pseudepigrapha.com/pseudepigrapha/enoch.htm#CH13) Some other ways to translate this are:

and would not even raise his face to heaven (GNT)

and did not feel worthy to even look toward heaven

he thought, “I am unworthy to look up to heaven/God.”

In some languages it may be more natural to translate the meaning by saying that he looked down. For example:

he kept his head down/bowed

lift up his eyes to heaven: The Greek word that the BSB translates as heaven here refers to the sky as a symbol of God’s dwelling place.

Since the tax collector would not look upward, you could translate the word heaven here with the usual word for sky. See heaven in the Glossary.

18:13c

Instead, he beat his breast and said,

Instead: The word Instead indicates a contrast with the action “lift up his eyes to heaven” in 18:13b. The tax collector did not have the confidence to look up to heaven. Instead, he showed his distress over his sin. The BSB, like the NLT and GW, introduces the contrast with Instead. The NIV and several other translations say “but.” In some languages no conjunction is needed.

he beat his breast: In that culture people beat their chests with their fists either in anger or distress. Here the tax collector was greatly distressed because he had sinned. He felt sorry and ashamed. In some cultures, beating the chest does not have this meaning. If that is true in your culture, some other ways to translate it are:

Translate the meaning in a natural way in your language.

and said: The Greek word that the BSB translates as and said is literally “saying.” It indicates that the tax collector prayed the words in 18:13d as he beat his breast.

In some languages it may be more natural to use a verb such as “prayed” rather than said. For example:

and prayed (CEV)

18:13d

‘God, have mercy on me, a sinner!’

God, have mercy on me, a sinner: In this prayer the tax collector confessed that he was a sinner. He begged God to pity him. The context implies that he was asking God to show compassion to him by forgiving him. In some languages it may be necessary to make this explicit. For example:

God, I am a sinner. I beg you to be merciful and forgive me.

me, a sinner: A sinner is someone who habitually offends God. The ways a person may offend God include doing and thinking things that God does not approve. A person may also offend God by his attitudes and by not doing what God wants him to do. Some ways to translate sinner in this context are:

I am a person who sins

I am a person who does not obey you

I am a wrongdoer

General Comment on 18:13d

At the end of this verse, the tax collector ended his prayer. In some languages it may be natural to indicate this explicitly. For example:

‘God, have mercy on me, a sinner.’ That is what he prayed.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: translate-symaction

ὁ δὲ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστὼς

the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστώς οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδέ τούς ὀφθαλμούς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τόν οὐρανόν ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν τό στῆθος αὐτοῦ λέγων Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητι μοί τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ)

This was a sign of humility. The tax collector did not feel worthy to be near the Pharisee and the other people in the temple courtyard. It may be helpful to make each of the phrases in this verse a separate sentence. Alternate translation: [But the tax collector humbly stood by himself, away from the other people who were there]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδὲ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν

not ˓was˒_willing (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστώς οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδέ τούς ὀφθαλμούς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τόν οὐρανόν ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν τό στῆθος αὐτοῦ λέγων Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητι μοί τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ)

The phrase lift up his eyes means to look at something. Alternate translation: [did not even want to look up toward heaven]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν

to (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστώς οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδέ τούς ὀφθαλμούς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τόν οὐρανόν ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν τό στῆθος αὐτοῦ λέγων Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητι μοί τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ)

See how you translated the similar expression in [9:16](../09/16.md). Alternate translation: [beyond the sky towards God in heaven]

Note 4 topic: translate-symaction

ἀλλ’ ἔτυπτε τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ

but (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστώς οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδέ τούς ὀφθαλμούς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τόν οὐρανόν ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν τό στῆθος αὐτοῦ λέγων Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητι μοί τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ)

This was a physical expression of great sorrow, and it showed this man’s repentance and humility. Alternate translation: [but instead, he hit his chest to demonstrate his shame and sorrow over his sins]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / quotesinquotes

λέγων, ὁ Θεός, ἱλάσθητί μοι, τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ

saying (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστώς οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδέ τούς ὀφθαλμούς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τόν οὐρανόν ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν τό στῆθος αὐτοῦ λέγων Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητι μοί τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: [admitting that he was a sinner and asking God to have mercy on him]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / imperative

ὁ Θεός, ἱλάσθητί μοι, τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ

the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ τελώνης μακρόθεν ἑστώς οὐκ ἤθελεν οὐδέ τούς ὀφθαλμούς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τόν οὐρανόν ἀλλʼ ἔτυπτεν τό στῆθος αὐτοῦ λέγων Ὁ Θεός ἱλάσθητι μοί τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ)

This is an imperative, but it should be translated as a polite request rather than as a command. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: [God, please be merciful to me, I confess that I am a sinner] or [God, please forgive me for the many sins I have committed]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

18:13 he beat his chest in sorrow: This action indicated deep mourning and repentance.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. But
    2. -
    3. 11610
    4. S
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 55502
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55501
    1. tax collector
    2. -
    3. 50570
    5. telōnēs
    6. N-····NMS
    7. tax_collector
    8. tax_collector
    9. -
    10. Y33; F55512; F55523; F55524; F55534; F55535; F55540
    11. 55503
    1. having stood
    2. stood
    3. 24760
    5. istaō
    6. V-PEA·NMS
    7. ˓having˒ stood
    8. ˓having˒ stood
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55505
    1. afar
    2. -
    3. 31130
    5. makrothen
    6. D-·······
    7. afar
    8. afar
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55504
    1. was
    2. willing
    3. 23090
    5. ethelō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ willing
    8. ˓was˒ willing
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55508
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55506
    1. willing
    2. willing
    3. 23090
    5. ethelō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ willing
    8. ˓was˒ willing
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55508
    1. not even
    2. -
    3. 37610
    5. oude
    6. D-·······
    7. not_even
    8. not_even
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55509
    1. his
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. his
    8. his
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55510
    1. eyes
    2. -
    3. 37880
    5. ofthalmos
    6. N-····AMP
    7. eyes
    8. eyes
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55511
    1. to lift up
    2. -
    3. 18690
    5. epairō
    6. V-NAA····
    7. ˓to˒ lift_up
    8. ˓to˒ lift_up
    9. -
    10. Y33; R55503
    11. 55512
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55513
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55514
    1. sky
    2. -
    3. 37720
    5. ouranos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. sky
    8. sky
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55515
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 2350
    5. alla
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55517
    1. was striking
    2. -
    3. 51800
    5. tuptō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ striking
    8. ˓was˒ striking
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55518
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····ANS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55520
    1. chest
    2. chest
    3. 47380
    5. stēthos
    6. N-····ANS
    7. chest
    8. chest
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55521
    1. of him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R55503
    11. 55523
    1. saying
    2. saying
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. saying
    8. saying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R55503
    11. 55524
    1. -
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. D
    5. ho
    6. E-···2VMS
    7. ¬The
    8. ¬The
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 55525
    1. god
    2. God
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····VMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 55526
    1. be made atonement
    2. -
    3. 24330
    5. ilaskomai
    6. V-MAP2··S
    7. ˓be˒ made_atonement
    8. ˓be˒ made_atonement
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55527
    1. for me
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1D·S
    7. ˱for˲ me
    8. ˱for˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55528
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55529
    1. sinner
    2. sinner
    3. 2680
    5. hamartōlos
    6. S-····DMS
    7. sinner
    8. sinner
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 55530

OET (OET-LV) But the tax_collector having_stood afar, was_ not _willing not_even his eyes to_lift_up to the sky, but was_striking the chest of_him saying:
- god, be_made_atonement for_me, the sinner.

OET (OET-RV) But the tax-collector stood at a distance, not even willing to raise his head, instead beating his chest and saying, ‘God, I’m a sinner, take away my guilt.’

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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