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Luke C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24

Luke 12 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43 V45 V47 V49 V51 V53 V55 V57 V59

OET interlinear LUKE 12:1

◄ ↨ LUKE 12:1 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Πολλῶν
    2. pollos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 41830
    6. A····GMP
    7. great
    8. great
    9. P
    10. -
    11. 50148
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50149
    1. ὄχλων
    2. oχlos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37930
    6. N····GMP
    7. crowds
    8. crowds
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50150
    1. Ἐν
    2. en
    3. In
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. PS
    10. Y33
    11. 50151
    1. οἷς
    2. hos
    3. which things
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····DMP
    7. which ‹things›
    8. which ‹things›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50152
    1. συμπεριεχόντων
    2. sumperieχō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 48427
    6. VPPA·GMP
    7. surrounding_with
    8. surrounding_with
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50153
    1. ἐπισυναχθεισῶν
    2. episunagō
    3. having been gathered together
    4. -
    5. 19960
    6. VPAP·GFP
    7. ˓having_been˒ gathered_together
    8. ˓having_been˒ gathered_together
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50154
    1. συναχθεισῶν
    2. sunagō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 48630
    6. VPAP·GFP
    7. ˓having_been˒ gathered_together
    8. ˓having_been˒ gathered_together
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50155
    1. κύκλῳ
    2. kuklō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 29450
    6. D·······
    7. around
    8. around
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50156
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50157
    1. μυριάδων
    2. murias
    3. tens of thousands
    4. thousands
    5. 34610
    6. N····GFP
    7. tens_of_thousands
    8. myriads
    9. -
    10. Y33; F50163; F50164
    11. 50158
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50159
    1. ὄχλου
    2. oχlos
    3. crowd
    4. crowd
    5. 37930
    6. N····GMS
    7. crowd
    8. crowd
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50160
    1. λαοῦ
    2. laos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 29920
    6. N····GMS
    7. people
    8. people
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50161
    1. ὥστε
    2. hōste
    3. so as
    4. -
    5. 56200
    6. C·······
    7. so_as
    8. so_as
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50162
    1. καταπατεῖν
    2. katapateō
    3. to be trampling
    4. trampling
    5. 26620
    6. VNPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ trampling
    8. ˓to_be˒ trampling
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50158
    11. 50163
    1. ἀλλήλους
    2. allēlōn
    3. one another
    4. -
    5. 2400
    6. R····AMP
    7. one_another
    8. one_another
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50158
    11. 50164
    1. συμπνίγειν
    2. sumpnigō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 48460
    6. VNPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ pressing_against
    8. ˓to_be˒ pressing_against
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50165
    1. ἤρξατο
    2. arχō
    3. he began
    4. -
    5. 7570
    6. VIAM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ began
    8. ˱he˲ began
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50166
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50167
    1. λέγειν
    2. legō
    3. to be saying
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VNPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ saying
    8. ˓to_be˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50168
    1. πρός
    2. pros
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 43140
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50169
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50170
    1. μαθητάς
    2. mathētēs
    3. apprentices/followers
    4. -
    5. 31010
    6. N····AMP
    7. apprentices/followers
    8. disciples
    9. -
    10. Y33; F50174; F50175; F50209; F50220; F50230
    11. 50171
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. his
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50172
    1. πρῶτον
    2. prōton
    3. first
    4. -
    5. 44120
    6. D·······
    7. first
    8. first
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50173
    1. Προσέχετε
    2. proseχō
    3. Be taking heed
    4. -
    5. 43370
    6. VMPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ taking_heed
    8. ˓be˒ taking_heed
    9. D
    10. Y33; R50171
    11. 50174
    1. ἑαυτοῖς
    2. heautou
    3. to yourselves
    4. -
    5. 14380
    6. R···2DMP
    7. ˱to˲ yourselves
    8. ˱to˲ yourselves
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50171
    11. 50175
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. of
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. of
    8. of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50176
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50177
    1. ζύμης
    2. zumē
    3. leaven
    4. -
    5. 22190
    6. N····GFS
    7. leaven
    8. leaven
    9. -
    10. Y33; F50181
    11. 50178
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50179
    1. Φαρισαίων
    2. farisaios
    3. Farisaios party
    4. party
    5. 53300
    6. N····GMP
    7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
    8. Pharisees
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 50180
    1. ἥτις
    2. hostis
    3. which
    4. -
    5. 37480
    6. R····NFS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50178
    11. 50181
    1. ἐστίν
    2. eimi
    3. is
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50182
    1. ὑπόκρισις
    2. hupokrisis
    3. hypocrisy
    4. hypocrisy
    5. 52720
    6. N····NFS
    7. hypocrisy
    8. hypocrisy
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50183
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 50184
    1. Φαρισαίων
    2. farisaios
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 53300
    6. N····GMP
    7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
    8. Pharisees
    9. U
    10. -
    11. 50185

OET (OET-LV) In which things the tens_of_thousands of_the crowd, having_been_gathered_together, so_as to_be_trampling one_another, he_began to_be_saying to the apprentices/followers of_him first:
Be_taking_heed to_yourselves of the leaven, of_the Farisaios_party, which is hypocrisy.

OET (OET-RV) By then the crowd had grown to many thousands, so much so that they were trampling on each other. Meanwhile Yeshua told his followers, “Make sure that you’re not influenced by the hypocrisy of the Pharisee party—it spreads around like yeast in bread dough.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:1–12: Jesus warned and encouraged his disciples

In the previous section, Jesus criticized the Pharisees and teachers of the law. They responded by being hostile to him. Here in Section 12:1–12 a large crowd gathered around Jesus and his disciples. Jesus spoke first to his disciples. He warned them that they must not be hypocrites like the Pharisees. His disciples should not be afraid to declare that they were loyal to him. They should not fear people, but they should fear and respect God, and they should never insult the Holy Spirit. Jesus encouraged them to remember that they were valuable to God. He assured them that the Holy Spirit would help them when people persecuted them.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it. Another possible heading for this section is:

Warnings and Encouragements (NIV)

Some versions have divided this section into three shorter sections. Each section has one or more parallel passages. If you choose to divide this section, here are some examples of headings that you can use.

12:1–3

A Warning against Hypocrisy (GNT) -or- Jesus warned his disciples not to be like the Pharisees

(There is a parallel passage for this section in Matthew 10:26–27.)

12:4–7

The One Whom People Should Fear -or- Jesus told his disciples whom they should fear

(There is a parallel passage for this section in Matthew 10:28–31.)

12:8–12

Confessing and Rejecting Christ (GNT) -or- Don’t Be Ashamed of Jesus (NCV)

(There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 10:32–33, 12:32, 10:19–20.)

12:1a

In the meantime, a crowd of many thousands had gathered,

In the meantime: In this context the Greek expression that the BSB translates as In the meantime means “at the same time.” It refers back to the events of the previous chapter. Some other ways to translate this expression are:

During that time

While these things were happening

a crowd of many thousands had gathered: The Greek word that the BSB translates as many thousands is a general reference to a very large number. Nobody actually counted the number of people in the crowd. Other ways to translate this are:

an enormous crowd had gathered

a great many people came together

12:1b

so that they were trampling one another.

they were trampling one another: The clause they were trampling one another indicates that the people in the crowd were stepping on each other’s feet and getting in each other’s way as they tried to get close to Jesus.

General Comment on 12:1a–b

In some languages it may be helpful to translate these verse parts as two sentences. For example:

Meanwhile many people had gathered together. They were so many/numerous that they were trampling on one another.

12:1c

Jesus began to speak first to His disciples:

Jesus began to speak first to His disciples: The expression Jesus began to speak first to His disciples indicates that Jesus spoke to his disciples before speaking to the rest of the people. In 12:13 one of the people in the crowd asked a question. After Jesus answered him, he began to tell a parable that was probably addressed to the whole crowd.

disciples: For help in translating the word disciples, see the note at 9:14b.

12:1d

“Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy.

Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy: This is a metaphor that compares the hypocrisy of the Pharisees to leaven, or yeast. A small amount of leaven spreads through a lump of bread dough and affects it all. Similarly, the hypocrisy of the Pharisees would spread among the people and affect them all. Some ways to translate this metaphor are:

Translate this metaphor in a way that is most natural in your language.

Beware: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as Beware is a warning. Use an expression that is natural in your language for warning people to watch out for something harmful or dangerous. Some English expressions are:

Be on your guard against (NIV)

Don’t let yourself be influenced by (TRT)

leaven: The Greek word that the BSB translates as leaven refers to a substance that makes bread dough rise. A person mixes this substance with water and flour. Then it spreads throughout the flour and makes the dough expand. The dough is then baked into bread.

If people in your area are not familiar with making dough rise, here are other ways to translate leaven:

Translate this in the way that is most natural in your language.

Pharisees: For advice on translating the word Pharisees, see the note at 11:37b.

hypocrisy: The Greek word that the BSB translates as hypocrisy indicates that a person pretends to be different from how he really is. He appears to have a certain purpose or attitude, but actually he has a very different purpose or attitude. In front of other people, the Pharisees talked and acted as though they were righteous and loved God, but their real motives were sinful. In some languages it may be necessary to translate hypocrisy as a verb. For example:

the way they act/pretend like they’re serving God when they really aren’t (TRT)

See the note on “hypocrite(s)” in 6:42d and 12:56a.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-newevent

ἐν οἷς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐν οἷς ἐπισυναχθεισῶν τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους ἤρξατο λέγειν πρός τούς μαθητάς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον Προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων ἥτις ἐστίν ὑπόκρισις)

Luke uses the word When to mark the beginning of a new event. This phrase seems to refer back to [11:54](../11/54.md). Alternate translation: [While the scribes and Pharisees were still looking for a way to trap him]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-time-background

ἐπισυναχθεισῶν τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου, ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους

˓having_been˒_gathered_together the myriads ˱of˲_the crowd so_as ˓to_be˒_trampling one_another

Luke provides this background information to give the setting for the events he is about to describe. Alternate translation: [while tens of thousands of the common people were gathering]

Note 3 topic: translate-unknown

μυριάδων

myriads

The word myriads is the plural of the Greek word “myriad,” which means ten thousand (10,000). You can express this number in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: [tens of thousands]

τοῦ ὄχλου

˱of˲_the crowd

In this context, the word crowd refers to ordinary people. Alternate translation: [of the common people]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐπισυναχθεισῶν

˓having_been˒_gathered_together

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [were coming together] or [were crowding around]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους

so_as ˓to_be˒_trampling one_another

This could be an exaggeration to emphasize how tightly packed together the crowd as. Alternate translation: [so that they were all tightly packed together]

ἤρξατο λέγειν πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον

˱he˲_began ˓to_be˒_saying (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐν οἷς ἐπισυναχθεισῶν τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους ἤρξατο λέγειν πρός τούς μαθητάς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον Προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων ἥτις ἐστίν ὑπόκρισις)

This could mean: (1) Jesus addressed his disciples before speaking to the crowd. Alternate translation: [Jesus first started speaking to his disciples, and said to them] (2) this was the first thing Jesus said to his disciples when he began to speak to them. Alternate translation: [Jesus started speaking to his disciples, and the first thing he said was]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς ζύμης, τῶν Φαρισαίων, ἥτις ἐστὶν ὑπόκρισις

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐν οἷς ἐπισυναχθεισῶν τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους ἤρξατο λέγειν πρός τούς μαθητάς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον Προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς ἀπό τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων ἥτις ἐστίν ὑπόκρισις)

Jesus is describing the influence of the Pharisees by comparing its spread throughout the community to the way yeast spreads through a whole batch of dough or batter. You could represent this metaphor as a simile in your translation. Alternate translation: [Be careful that you do not become hypocrites like the Pharisees, whose behavior is influencing everyone around them, just as yeast spreads through a whole batch of dough]

Note 7 topic: translate-unknown

ζύμης

leaven

The word yeast refers to a substance that causes fermentation and expansion within a batch of dough or batter. If your readers would not be familiar with yeast, you could use the name of a substance that they would be familiar with, or you could use a general term. Alternate translation: [leaven]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

12:1 Yeast permeates dough until it is entirely leavened. Leaven became a symbol for the permeating power of sin (Exod 12:14-20; 1 Cor 5:6). Like yeast, the hypocrisy of the Pharisees would spread until it affected all the people.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. In
    2. -
    3. 17220
    4. PS
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. PS
    10. Y33
    11. 50151
    1. which things
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····DMP
    7. which ‹things›
    8. which ‹things›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50152
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50157
    1. tens of thousands
    2. thousands
    3. 34610
    5. murias
    6. N-····GFP
    7. tens_of_thousands
    8. myriads
    9. -
    10. Y33; F50163; F50164
    11. 50158
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50159
    1. crowd
    2. crowd
    3. 37930
    5. oχlos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. crowd
    8. crowd
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50160
    1. having been gathered together
    2. -
    3. 19960
    5. episunagō
    6. V-PAP·GFP
    7. ˓having_been˒ gathered_together
    8. ˓having_been˒ gathered_together
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50154
    1. so as
    2. -
    3. 56200
    5. hōste
    6. C-·······
    7. so_as
    8. so_as
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50162
    1. to be trampling
    2. trampling
    3. 26620
    5. katapateō
    6. V-NPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ trampling
    8. ˓to_be˒ trampling
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50158
    11. 50163
    1. one another
    2. -
    3. 2400
    5. allēlōn
    6. R-····AMP
    7. one_another
    8. one_another
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50158
    11. 50164
    1. he began
    2. -
    3. 7570
    5. arχō
    6. V-IAM3··S
    7. ˱he˲ began
    8. ˱he˲ began
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50166
    1. to be saying
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-NPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ saying
    8. ˓to_be˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50168
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 43140
    5. pros
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50169
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50170
    1. apprentices/followers
    2. -
    3. 31010
    5. mathētēs
    6. N-····AMP
    7. apprentices/followers
    8. disciples
    9. -
    10. Y33; F50174; F50175; F50209; F50220; F50230
    11. 50171
    1. of him
    2. his
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50172
    1. first
    2. -
    3. 44120
    5. prōton
    6. D-·······
    7. first
    8. first
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50173
    1. Be taking heed
    2. -
    3. 43370
    4. D
    5. proseχō
    6. V-MPA2··P
    7. ˓be˒ taking_heed
    8. ˓be˒ taking_heed
    9. D
    10. Y33; R50171
    11. 50174
    1. to yourselves
    2. -
    3. 14380
    5. heautou
    6. R-···2DMP
    7. ˱to˲ yourselves
    8. ˱to˲ yourselves
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50171
    11. 50175
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. of
    8. of
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50176
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50177
    1. leaven
    2. -
    3. 22190
    5. zumē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. leaven
    8. leaven
    9. -
    10. Y33; F50181
    11. 50178
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50179
    1. Farisaios party
    2. party
    3. 53300
    4. U
    5. farisaios
    6. N-····GMP
    7. Farisaios_\add party\add*
    8. Pharisees
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 50180
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 37480
    5. hostis
    6. R-····NFS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y33; R50178
    11. 50181
    1. is
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··S
    7. is
    8. is
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50182
    1. hypocrisy
    2. hypocrisy
    3. 52720
    5. hupokrisis
    6. N-····NFS
    7. hypocrisy
    8. hypocrisy
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 50183

OET (OET-LV) In which things the tens_of_thousands of_the crowd, having_been_gathered_together, so_as to_be_trampling one_another, he_began to_be_saying to the apprentices/followers of_him first:
Be_taking_heed to_yourselves of the leaven, of_the Farisaios_party, which is hypocrisy.

OET (OET-RV) By then the crowd had grown to many thousands, so much so that they were trampling on each other. Meanwhile Yeshua told his followers, “Make sure that you’re not influenced by the hypocrisy of the Pharisee party—it spreads around like yeast in bread dough.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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