LUKE 18:31 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. παραλαβών
2. paralambanō
3. having taken
4. -
5. 38800
6. VPAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ taken
8. ˓having˒ taken
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55888
1. Δέ
2. de
3. And
4. Then
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. PS
10. Y33
11. 55889
1. τούς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55890
1. δώδεκα
2. dōdeka
3. twelve
4. twelve
5. 14270
6. S····AMP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y33; F55894; F55897; F55952; F55955
11. 55891
1. εἶπεν
2. legō
3. he said
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ said
8. ˱he˲ said
9. -
10. Y33; R55754; Person=Jesus
11. 55892
1. πρός
2. pros
3. to
4. -
5. 43140
6. P·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55893
1. αὐτούς
2. autos
3. them
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. Y33; R55891
11. 55894
1. αὐτοῖς
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3DNP
7. ˱to˲ them
8. ˱to˲ them
9. -
10. -
11. 55895
1. Ἰδού
2. horaō
3. Behold
4. Listen
5. 37080
6. IMAM2··S
7. see
8. behold
9. D
10. Y33
11. 55896
1. ἀναβαίνομεν
2. anabainō
3. we are going up
4. -
5. 3050
6. VIPA1··P
7. ˱we˲ ˓are˒ going_uphill
8. ˱we˲ ˓are˒ going_up
9. -
10. Y33; R55891; R55754; Person=Jesus; F55949
11. 55897
1. εἰς
2. eis
3. to
4. -
5. 15190
6. P·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55898
1. Ἱεροσόλυμα
2. ierosoluma
3. -
4. -
5. 24140
6. N····ANP
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem
11. 55899
1. Ἰερουσαλήμ
2. ierousalēm
3. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
4. -
5. 24140
6. N····AFS
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y33
11. 55900
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. and
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55901
1. τελεσθήσεται
2. teleō
3. will be being accomplished
4. -
5. 50550
6. VIFP3··S
7. ˓will_be_being˒ accomplished
8. ˓will_be_being˒ accomplished
9. -
10. Y33; F55949
11. 55902
1. παντᾶ
2. pas
3. all
4. -
5. 39560
6. E····NNP
7. all
8. all
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55903
1. τά
2. ho
3. the things
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····NNP
7. the ‹things›
8. the ‹things›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55904
1. γεγραμμένα
2. grafō
3. having been written
4. wrote
5. 11250
6. VPEP·NNP
7. ˓having_been˒ written
8. ˓having_been˒ written
9. -
10. Y33; F55941
11. 55905
1. διά
2. dia
3. by
4. -
5. 12230
6. P·······
7. by
8. by
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55906
1. τῶν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55907
1. προφητῶν
2. profētēs
3. prophets
4. prophets
5. 43960
6. N····GMP
7. prophets
8. prophets
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55908
1. περί
2. peri
3. -
4. -
5. 40120
6. P·······
7. about
8. about
9. -
10. -
11. 55909
1. τῷ
2. ho
3. about the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DMS
7. ˱about˲ the
8. ˱about˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55910
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 55911
1. Υἱῷ
2. huios
3. son
4. -
5. 52070
6. N····DMS
7. son
8. Son
9. G
10. Y33; Person=Jesus
11. 55912
1. υἱοῦ
2. huios
3. -
4. -
5. 52070
6. N····GMS
7. son
8. Son
9. -
10. Person=Jesus
11. 55913
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55914
1. Ἀνθρώπου
2. anthrōpos
3. of man
4. -
5. 4440
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Man
8. ˱of˲ Man
9. G
10. Y33
11. 55915

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:31–34: Jesus again predicted his death

Jesus had told his disciples in 9:22 and 9:44 that people would kill him and that he would rise from the dead after three days. In this section Jesus again told the disciples that these things would happen to him. This time he gave more details about how these events would happen.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it. Some other examples of headings for this section are:

Jesus Again Predicts His Death (NIV)

Jesus continues his journey toward suffering and death in Jerusalem

Refer to your section title for Section 9:43b–45. If you used a phrase that means “the second time” there, you should use a phrase that means “the third time” here. For example:

For the Third Time Jesus Foretells That He Will Die and Come Back to Life (GW)

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 20:17–19 and Mark 10:32–34.

18:31a

Then Jesus took the Twelve aside and said to them,

¶ Jesus called his twelve disciples aside and said to them,
¶ Sometime after this, Jesus told his twelve disciples/apostles to come away from the crowd so he could talk to them privately. He said to them,

Then: Jesus said the words in this section sometime as he and his disciples were traveling to Jerusalem. Scholars are not sure if he said them immediately after the events of the last section or at a later time. In some languages it may be natural to begin the section with a time word or phrase that is not too specific. The BSB does this by translating the Greek conjunction that begins this verse as Then. Other ways to introduce this section are:

As Jesus and his disciples were traveling to Jerusalem

After this

Jesus took the Twelve aside and said to them: The phrase took…aside indicates that Jesus led the twelve disciples away from the crowd that was following them. He wanted to speak with his disciples privately.

In some languages it may be natural to express this action with a direct or an indirect quote. For example:

Jesus said to the twelve disciples, “Let’s go over there so I can tell you something.” When they had moved/gone away from the crowd, he told them….

Jesus told the twelve disciples to come with him so he could be alone with them.

the Twelve: The phrase the Twelve refers to the twelve disciples/apostles whom Jesus had selected as his special helpers.

18:31b

“Look, we are going up to Jerusalem,

“We^(incl) are on the way up to Jerusalem.
“Listen carefully. We^(incl) will soon arrive in the city of Jerusalem.

Look: In Greek the clause in 18:31b begins with a word that draws attention to what Jesus was about to say. The BSB translates this word as Look. Sometimes it is translated in English as “Behold” (RSV) or “Listen” (GNT). Here is another way to translate this:

We are now… (REB)

Use a natural way in your language to indicate that Jesus wanted the disciples to pay special attention to what he was about to say.

we are going up to Jerusalem: The clause we are going up to Jerusalem indicates that Jesus and his disciples were on their way to Jerusalem. They had already started on their journey, and Jerusalem was their destination.

Jerusalem is higher in elevation than the surrounding land, so people often spoke of going up to Jerusalem.When Jesus said this to the disciples, they were probably near the city of Jericho, which is close to the Dead Sea. Jericho is 215 meters (700 feet) below sea level, so they were literally going up to Jerusalem. Jerusalem is 790 meters (2593 feet) above sea level, one of the higher locations in Israel. If that is not natural in your language, you may translate in a more general way. For example:

We are going/traveling to Jerusalem

We are on our way to Jerusalem

18:31c

and everything the prophets have written about the Son of Man

There, everything that the prophets wrote about the Son of Man
You^(plur) know that long ago the prophets wrote about what would happen to me the Son of Man. After we^(incl) arrive in the city,

everything the prophets have written: The phrase that the BSB translates as everything the prophets have written is passive, literally “everything written by the prophets.” In some languages it may be more natural to use an active verb. For example:

Everything that the prophets wrote (CEV)

This phrase refers to the writings of the prophets in the OT Scriptures. These writings are mentioned several times in Luke, including in 16:16.

The prophets whom Jesus referred to here lived and wrote their messages hundreds of years before he was born. In some languages it may be helpful to make this explicit. For example:

Everything that the prophets wrote long ago

the prophets: The prophets were men and women who spoke on behalf of God. They told people what God revealed to them. Here Jesus referred to the prophets whose words were later written and included in the OT Scriptures. See prophet in the Glossary.

about the Son of Man: The messages that the prophets wrote about the Son of Man described what he would do and what people would do to him.

The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the Son of Man is literally “the Son of the human/person.” Jesus used this title to imply that:

he was a true human being, and he represented all people.
he came from God and had authority from God.

Try to use an expression that implies both meanings. Some expressions that translators have used are:

the Man whom God Sent

the True Man from God/Heaven

the Representative of Mankind

the Older Brother of All People

In some languages it may be necessary to use a form like “I” or “me” to indicate that Jesus was referring to himself. For example:

me, the Son of Man

I who became man/human

This term first occurs in Luke at 5:24a. See also “Son of Man” in KBT.

18:31d

will be fulfilled.

will be accomplished/fulfilled.
all that they wrote will happen just as they wrote/predicted.

will be fulfilled: The verb will be fulfilled means “will be accomplished or completed.” In this context it refers to events that will happen just as the prophets predicted. The prophets wrote that certain things would happen to the Son of Man. In this verse Jesus was saying that those things would happen to him, just as the prophets wrote. The things would happen after he and his disciples arrived in Jerusalem. Some ways to translate this are:

Everything that the prophets wrote about the Son of Man will happen there. (CEV)

…everything that is written about the Son of Man by the prophets will be accomplished. (NRSV)

Everything that the prophets wrote about the Son of Man will occur just as they wrote/predicted.

uW Translation Notes:

παραλαβὼν & τοὺς δώδεκα

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: παραλαβών Δέ τούς δώδεκα εἶπεν πρός αὐτούς Ἰδού ἀναβαίνομεν εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ καί τελεσθήσεται παντᾶ τά γεγραμμένα διά τῶν προφητῶν τῷ Υἱῷ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου)

Alternate translation: [Jesus took the Twelve to a place away from other people where they would be alone]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

τοὺς δώδεκα

See how you translated this term in [8:1](../08/01.md). You may have decided to translate the nominal adjective Twelve with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [his 12 apostles] or [the 12 men he had appointed to be apostles]

Note 2 topic: translate-names

τοὺς δώδεκα

You may have decided instead in [8:1](../08/01.md) to translate this as a title, even if your language does not ordinarily use adjectives as nouns. If so, you can do the same thing here.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἰδοὺ

Jesus uses the term Behold to get his disciples to focus their attention on what he is about to say. Alternate translation: [Indeed]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἀναβαίνομεν εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ

˱we˲_˓are˒_going_up to Jerusalem

When Jesus says that they are going up to Jerusalem, he means that they are traveling there. That was the customary way of speaking about going to Jerusalem, since the city was up on a mountain. Alternate translation: [we are traveling to Jerusalem]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

πάντα τὰ γεγραμμένα διὰ τῶν προφητῶν

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [all the things that the prophets have written]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὰ γεγραμμένα διὰ τῶν προφητῶν

Jesus assumes that his disciples will know that he is referring to the Old Testament prophets. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [the things that the prophets have written in the Scriptures]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

τῷ Υἱῷ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

˱about˲_the Son ¬the ˱of˲_Man

Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: [about me, the Son of Man]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τῷ Υἱῷ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου

˱about˲_the Son ¬the ˱of˲_Man

See how you translated the title Son of Man in [5:24](../05/24.md). Alternate translation: [about me, the Messiah]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τελεσθήσεται

˓will_be_being˒_accomplished

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [will occur] or [will take place]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. Then
3. 11610
4. PS
5. de
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. PS
10. Y33
11. 55889
1. having taken
2. -
3. 38800
5. paralambanō
6. V-PAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ taken
8. ˓having˒ taken
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55888
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55890
1. twelve
2. twelve
3. 14270
5. dōdeka
6. S-····AMP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y33; F55894; F55897; F55952; F55955
11. 55891
1. he said
2. -
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ said
8. ˱he˲ said
9. -
10. Y33; R55754; Person=Jesus
11. 55892
1. to
2. -
3. 43140
5. pros
6. P-·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55893
1. them
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. Y33; R55891
11. 55894
1. Behold
2. Listen
3. 37080
4. D
5. horaō
6. I-MAM2··S
7. see
8. behold
9. D
10. Y33
11. 55896
1. we are going up
2. -
3. 3050
5. anabainō
6. V-IPA1··P
7. ˱we˲ ˓are˒ going_uphill
8. ˱we˲ ˓are˒ going_up
9. -
10. Y33; R55891; R55754; Person=Jesus; F55949
11. 55897
1. to
2. -
3. 15190
5. eis
6. P-·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55898
1. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
2. -
3. 24140
4. U
5. ierousalēm
6. N-····AFS
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y33
11. 55900
1. and
2. and
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55901
1. all
2. -
3. 39560
5. pas
6. E-····NNP
7. all
8. all
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55903
1. the things
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····NNP
7. the ‹things›
8. the ‹things›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55904
1. having been written
2. wrote
3. 11250
5. grafō
6. V-PEP·NNP
7. ˓having_been˒ written
8. ˓having_been˒ written
9. -
10. Y33; F55941
11. 55905
1. by
2. -
3. 12230
5. dia
6. P-·······
7. by
8. by
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55906
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55907
1. prophets
2. prophets
3. 43960
5. profētēs
6. N-····GMP
7. prophets
8. prophets
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55908
1. about the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····DMS
7. ˱about˲ the
8. ˱about˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55910
1. son
2. -
3. 52070
4. G
5. huios
6. N-····DMS
7. son
8. Son
9. G
10. Y33; Person=Jesus
11. 55912
1. of
2. -
3. 4440
4. G
5. anthrōpos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Man
8. ˱of˲ Man
9. G
10. Y33
11. 55915
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 55914
1. man
2. -
3. 4440
4. G
5. anthrōpos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Man
8. ˱of˲ Man
9. G
10. Y33
11. 55915
1. will be being accomplished
2. -
3. 50550
5. teleō
6. V-IFP3··S
7. ˓will_be_being˒ accomplished
8. ˓will_be_being˒ accomplished
9. -
10. Y33; F55949
11. 55902

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.