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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Mat C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28
Mat 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V17
OET (OET-LV) And having_been_immersed, the Yaʸsous immediately went_up from the water, and see, the heavens were_opened_up, and he_saw the spirit of_ the _god coming_down as_if a_dove and coming on him.
OET (OET-RV) As Yeshua came up out of the water after being immersed, the sky was opened up and he saw God’s spirit coming down like a dove and landing on him.
In this section, Jesus came to John the Baptist and asked John to baptize him. John thought that the man who was greater (Jesus) should baptize the man who was not as great (John). This is why John at first did not think that it was right for him to baptize Jesus. But Jesus said that it was the right thing at that time. So John agreed to do it.
Here are some other possible headings for this section:
The Baptism of Jesus (NIV)
Jesus is Baptized by John (NCV)
John baptizes Jesus (GW)
There are parallel passages for this section in Mark 1:9–11 and Luke 3:21–22.
As soon as Jesus was baptized, He went up out of the water.
¶ Jesus was baptized, and right away he came up out of the water.
¶ After John baptized him, Jesus immediately left/exited the water/river.
As soon as: The phrase As soon as here means “immediately” or “without waiting.”
Here are some ways to connect this phrase to the rest of the sentence:
Connect it to the word “baptized.” For example:
And when was Jesus was baptized (ESV)
Connect it to the verb “went up.” For example:
he went up immediately from the water (RSV)
Jesus was baptized: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as was baptized is passive. Here are some other ways to translate this verb:
As a passive verb. For example:
After Jesus was baptized (GW)
As an active verb. For example:
John baptized Jesus
It is clear from the context that John baptized Jesus. It is not clear what the form of baptism was like. You should translate this word in the same way that you did previously in this chapter (3:6b, 3:11, 3:13, and 3:14).
He went up out of the water: The Greek word that the BSB translates as went up can also means “came up” (as in the GNT). In this context, it means that “Jesus came out of the river.” Jesus had stepped down into the river in order to be baptized. This word indicates that he returned to the edge of the river and stepped onto dry land.
Here are some other ways to translate this clause:
he walked out of the water
he exited the river
Suddenly the heavens were opened,
Suddenly, heaven opened,
Unexpectedly, God opened the sky,
Suddenly: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Suddenly is often translated as “behold.” It literally means “look” or “see.” This word brings attention to the words that follow. This word is often used when something unexpected and extraordinary happens. In this passage, heaven opened and the Holy Spirit descended upon Jesus.
If you have a term that gets the attention of people, you may want to use it here. Here are some English examples:
and behold (ESV)
Unexpectedly
Look!
the heavens were opened: There is a textual issue in this verse. In some Greek manuscripts, this clause includes a Greek word that means “to him.”
Many Greek manuscripts do not have this Greek word, and most English versions do not translate this word. For example:
the heavens were opened (RSV) (BSB, RSV, NJB, NIV, NASB, CEV, GW, NET, NLT, REB, NCV, JBP)
Some Greek manuscripts have the word that can be translated “to him” after “heaven was opened.” For example:
Then heaven was opened to him (GNT) (GNT, KJV, ESV, NRSV)
It is recommended that you follow option (1) as the majority of English versions do.
heavens: The word that the BSB translates as heavens can have two different meanings, depending on the context:
the place where God lives
the sky: the place where the sun, moon, and stars can be seen
In the New Testament, God often showed supernatural signs from the sky. Some signs were a voice, fire, and a bright light. In this verse, either the meaning “heaven” or “sky” would fit the context: The Holy Spirit came down like a dove and God’s voice came from heaven or the sky.
were opened: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as were opened is passive. Here are some other ways to translate this verb:
As a passive verb. For example:
heaven was opened (GNT)
As an active verb. For example:
God opened heaven
This phrase illustrates heaven opening like a door or curtain is opened.
and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove
and he saw God’s Spirit come down like a dove
and Jesus saw the Spirit of God in the form of a dove/pigeon. It descended toward him
He saw: The pronoun He refers to Jesus here.
the Spirit of God: The Spirit of God refers to the Holy Spirit.
See the note on “the Holy Spirit” at 1:18d, and consider how you translated 1:18.
descending like a dove: There are two ways to interpret the phrase that the BSB translates as descending like a dove:
The Spirit of God took the bodily form of a dove and came down on Jesus.
The Spirit of God came down upon Jesus in the same way that a dove would fly down. God’s Spirit took some bodily form, but it was not necessarily the form of a dove.
It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
coming down in the form of a dove
flying down in the shape of a dove
dove: A dove is a small, gentle bird. It is like a pigeon. It symbolized something that is gentle and peaceful. There are at least two ways to translate this word:
If doves or some similar birds such as pigeons are known in your areas and are considered good birds or a good sign, you can use your word for a dove or pigeon.
If doves are unknown or if they are considered a bad sign, use the general name for “bird.”
and resting on Him.
and land/sit on him.
and came and sat on him.
and resting on Him: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as and resting on Him is literally “coming upon him.” The text does not indicate exactly where on Jesus the dove landed. So you should not specify that it was on his head or his shoulder.
Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:
coming down on him (NJB)
landing on him
descending to him
sat/perched on him
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases
δὲ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
Here, the word Now introduces the next event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave Now untranslated. Alternate translation: [Then,]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
βαπτισθεὶς
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was John. Alternate translation: [John having baptized him]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἀνέβη ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕδατος
went_up (Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
Matthew implies that Jesus was in the River Jordan when he was baptized. Afterwards, he came up out of the river. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [left the water of the river] or [stepped out of the river]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἰδοὺ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
The word behold draws the attention of the audience and asks them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express behold with a word or phrase that asks the audience to listen, or you could draw the audience’s attention in another way. Alternate translation: [listen] or [suddenly]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
ἀνεῴχθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ οὐρανοί
˓were˒_opened_up (Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
People in Matthew’s culture often spoke of how the heavens had doors or gates that led into them. Matthew uses this kind of language (doors being opened) to indicate that Jesus saw into the heavens. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [he was enabled to look into the heavens] or [God showed him what was happening in the heavens]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
ἀνεῴχθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ οὐρανοί
˓were˒_opened_up (Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: [God opened the heavens to him]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / simile
τὸ Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεὶ περιστερὰν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: βαπτισθείς Δέ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εὐθύς ἀνέβη ἀπό τοῦ ὕδατος καί ἰδού ἀνεῴχθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί καί εἶδεν τό Πνεῦμα τοῦ Θεοῦ καταβαῖνον ὡσεί περιστεράν καί ἐρχόμενον ἐπʼ αὐτόν)
The phrase like a dove could mean: (1) the Spirit looked like a dove as he descended upon Jesus. Alternate translation: [the Spirit of God coming down, looking like a dove] (2) the Spirit descended upon Jesus as a dove descends from the sky toward the ground. Alternate translation: [the Spirit of God coming down as a dove flies down]
Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
καταβαῖνον
coming_down
Matthew implies that the Spirit of God came down from the heavens. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [coming down from the heavens]
Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἐρχόμενον ἐπ’ αὐτόν
coming on him
Matthew implies that the Spirit of God settled or landed on Jesus, just like a bird might settle or land on something. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [perching upon him] or [settling on him]
3:16 The Spirit of God descending like a dove was anointing Jesus, through whom salvation would come. This event was like a king’s being anointed with oil at his coronation. The Holy Spirit empowered Jesus to accomplish God’s salvation and defeat Satan (see 12:18, 28). This same Spirit empowers Jesus’ followers (10:20; Acts 1:8).
OET (OET-LV) And having_been_immersed, the Yaʸsous immediately went_up from the water, and see, the heavens were_opened_up, and he_saw the spirit of_ the _god coming_down as_if a_dove and coming on him.
OET (OET-RV) As Yeshua came up out of the water after being immersed, the sky was opened up and he saw God’s spirit coming down like a dove and landing on him.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.