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OET interlinear MARK 1:22

← MARK 1:22 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22091
    1. ἐξεπλήσσοντο
    2. ekplēssō
    3. they were being astonished
    4. amazed
    5. 16050
    6. VIIP3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were_being˒ astonished
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were_being˒ astonished
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22092
    1. ἐπί
    2. epi
    3. at
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. at
    8. at
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22093
    1. τῇ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22094
    1. διδαχῇ
    2. didaχē
    3. teaching
    4. taught
    5. 13220
    6. N····DFS
    7. teaching
    8. teaching
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22095
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. his
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac; R22003; Person=Jesus
    11. 22096
    1. ἦν
    2. eimi
    3. he was
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ was
    8. ˱he˲ was
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac; R22003; Person=Jesus
    11. 22097
    1. γάρ
    2. gar
    3. because/for
    4. because
    5. 10630
    6. C·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22098
    1. διδάσκων
    2. didaskō
    3. teaching
    4. -
    5. 13210
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. teaching
    8. teaching
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac; R22003; Person=Jesus
    11. 22099
    1. αὐτούς
    2. autos
    3. them
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMP
    7. them
    8. them
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22100
    1. ὡς
    2. hōs
    3. as one
    4. -
    5. 56130
    6. C·······
    7. as ‹one›
    8. as ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22101
    1. ἐξουσίαν
    2. exousia
    3. authority
    4. authority
    5. 18490
    6. N····AFS
    7. authority
    8. authority
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22102
    1. ἔχων
    2. eχō
    3. having
    4. -
    5. 21920
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. having
    8. having
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22103
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22104
    1. οὐχ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22105
    1. ὡς
    2. hōs
    3. as
    4. -
    5. 56130
    6. C·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22106
    1. οἱ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22107
    1. γραμματεῖς
    2. grammateus
    3. scribes
    4. teachers
    5. 11220
    6. N····NMP
    7. scribes
    8. scribes
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22108
    1. αὐτῶν
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMP
    7. ˱of˲ them
    8. ˱of˲ them
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 22109

OET (OET-LV) And they_were_being_astonished at the teaching of_him, because/for he_was teaching them as one having authority, and not as the scribes.

OET (OET-RV) The congregation was amazed at his teaching, because he taught with authority, not like the regular teachers there.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:21–28: Jesus expelled an evil spirit from a man

In this section Mark described the first of four events that happened in the town of Capernaum in the region of Galilee. Paragraph 1:21–26 tells how Jesus expelled an evil spirit from a man in the synagogue at Capernaum. Paragraph 1:27–28 describes the people’s amazed reaction to Jesus’ authority over evil spirits. See the note on “unclean spirit" in 1:23a for ways to translate “evil/unclean spirit.”

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here is another idea for this section heading:

The time when Jesus expelled an evil spirit

There is a parallel passage for this section in Luke 4:31–37.

Paragraph 1:21–26

This paragraph begins with a change of location. Jesus and his four disciples walked along the shore of the Sea of Galilee to the town of Capernaum.

1:22a

The people were astonished at His teaching,

The people were astonished at His teaching: The Greek word that the BSB translates as were astonished emphasizes that the people were very surprised. The word means “overwhelmed,” “astounded” or “deeply impressed.” In Greek, the verb that the BSB translates as were astonished is passive.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

The people were amazed at his teaching (NIV)

And his teaching made a deep impression on them (NJB)

The people thought, “He teaches very well!”

at His teaching: The phrase His teaching probably refers to the way Jesus was teaching rather than the content of his teaching. So the GNT translates this as:

at the way he taught (GNT)

1:22b

because He taught as one who had authority,

because: The connector because introduces the reason why people were amazed at Jesus’ teaching. In some languages it may not be necessary to use a connector here. For example, the CEV has:

Everyone was amazed at his teaching. He taught with authority… (CEV)

Use a way that is natural in your language to express a reason.

He taught as one who had authority: In this context, the phrase as one who had authority means “authoritatively” or “with certainty.” Jesus knew that what he said was true and that it was God’s message.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

he taught like a chief

he spoke to them like a teacher who knows that what he says is absolutely true

he taught them like one who has the right/authority to declare the truth

1:22c

and not as the scribes.

and not as the scribes: The phrase not as the scribes indicates that Jesus did not teach in the same way that the scribes taught. When the scribes explained something, they always quoted other scholars to support their views. But Jesus did not quote other Jewish teachers to support the truth of what he said.

the scribes: The Greek word that the BSB translates as scribes is sometimes translated as “teachers of the law,” as in the NIV. The original work of these men was to copy the laws of Moses by hand. In New Testament times, their main task was to study, interpret, and teach the law of Moses and related Jewish laws and traditions.

Here are some ways to translate this term:

teachers of the Law of Moses (CEV)

teachers of religious law (NLT)

experts on the law

See teacher of the law in the Glossary.

General Comment on 1:22a–c

The parts of this verse may be arranged in various ways. For example:

22cBut the way that Jesus taught was quite different from the scribes, 22bbecause his way of teaching showed his great authority. 22aSo the people were completed amazed.

22aThe people who heard him were amazed at the way he taught, 22cfor he wasn’t like the teachers of the Law; 22binstead, he taught with authority. (GNT)

Arrange these verse parts in a way that is natural in your language.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

καὶ ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ; ἦν γὰρ διδάσκων αὐτοὺς ὡς ἐξουσίαν ἔχων, καὶ οὐχ ὡς οἱ γραμματεῖς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπί τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ ἦν γάρ διδάσκων αὐτούς ὡς ἐξουσίαν ἔχων καί οὐχ ὡς οἱ γραμματεῖς)

If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: [And he was teaching them as having authority and not as the scribes. So, they were astonished at his teaching]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ

˱they˲_˓were_being˒_astonished (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπί τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ ἦν γάρ διδάσκων αὐτούς ὡς ἐξουσίαν ἔχων καί οὐχ ὡς οἱ γραμματεῖς)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was what Jesus taught. Alternate translation: [his teaching astonished them]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

ἐξεπλήσσοντο

˱they˲_˓were_being˒_astonished

The pronoun they refers to the people who in the “synagogue” (see [1:21](../01/21.md)). If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to these people more directly. Alternate translation: [those who were in the synagogue were astonished]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπί τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ ἦν γάρ διδάσκων αὐτούς ὡς ἐξουσίαν ἔχων καί οὐχ ὡς οἱ γραμματεῖς)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of teaching, you could express the same idea in another way. Mark could be focusing primarily on: (1) the way in which Jesus taught. Alternate translation: [at how he taught] (2) what Jesus taught. Alternate translation: [at what he taught]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐξουσίαν ἔχων

authority having

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of authority, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [one having been authorized]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

καὶ οὐχ ὡς οἱ γραμματεῖς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπί τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ ἦν γάρ διδάσκων αὐτούς ὡς ἐξουσίαν ἔχων καί οὐχ ὡς οἱ γραμματεῖς)

Mark is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. If you use the following alternate translation, you may need to put a comma before it. Alternate translation: [and he was not teaching them as the scribes were teaching them]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22091
    1. they were being astonished
    2. amazed
    3. 16050
    5. ekplēssō
    6. V-IIP3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were_being˒ astonished
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were_being˒ astonished
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22092
    1. at
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. at
    8. at
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22093
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22094
    1. teaching
    2. taught
    3. 13220
    5. didaχē
    6. N-····DFS
    7. teaching
    8. teaching
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22095
    1. of him
    2. his
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac; R22003; Person=Jesus
    11. 22096
    1. because/for
    2. because
    3. 10630
    5. gar
    6. C-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22098
    1. he was
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ was
    8. ˱he˲ was
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac; R22003; Person=Jesus
    11. 22097
    1. teaching
    2. -
    3. 13210
    5. didaskō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. teaching
    8. teaching
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac; R22003; Person=Jesus
    11. 22099
    1. them
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AMP
    7. them
    8. them
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22100
    1. as one
    2. -
    3. 56130
    5. hōs
    6. C-·······
    7. as ‹one›
    8. as ‹one›
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22101
    1. having
    2. -
    3. 21920
    5. eχō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. having
    8. having
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22103
    1. authority
    2. authority
    3. 18490
    5. exousia
    6. N-····AFS
    7. authority
    8. authority
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22102
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22104
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22105
    1. as
    2. -
    3. 56130
    5. hōs
    6. C-·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22106
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22107
    1. scribes
    2. teachers
    3. 11220
    5. grammateus
    6. N-····NMP
    7. scribes
    8. scribes
    9. -
    10. Y27; TThe_Demoniac
    11. 22108

OET (OET-LV) And they_were_being_astonished at the teaching of_him, because/for he_was teaching them as one having authority, and not as the scribes.

OET (OET-RV) The congregation was amazed at his teaching, because he taught with authority, not like the regular teachers there.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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← MARK 1:22 ↑ → ► ║ ©