OET interlinear 1 COR 10:10

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τινὲς αὐτῶν ἐγόγγυσαν, καὶ ἀπώλοντο ὑπὸ τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μηδέ γογγύζετε καθάπερ τινές αὐτῶν ἐγόγγυσαν καί ἀπώλοντο ὑπό τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ)

Here Paul refers to a story found in [Numbers 16:41–50](../num/16/41.md) and perhaps also a story found in [Numbers 14:1–38](../num/14/01.md). In both of these stories, Israelites grumbled or complained about how their leaders and God himself are leading them. In response, God sends a plague or kills Israelites who grumbled. If your readers are not familiar with these stories, you could add a footnote that refers to or summarizes the stories. Num 16:41–50

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

καὶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μηδέ γογγύζετε καθάπερ τινές αὐτῶν ἐγόγγυσαν καί ἀπώλοντο ὑπό τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ)

Here, and introduces the result of the Israelites “grumbling.” If your language does not use and to introduce a result, you can use a word or phrase that is more natural. Alternate translation: [and as a result] or [with the result that they]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἀπώλοντο ὑπὸ τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ

destroyed_‹themselves› (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μηδέ γογγύζετε καθάπερ τινές αὐτῶν ἐγόγγυσαν καί ἀπώλοντο ὑπό τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Paul uses the passive form here to focus on those who are destroyed rather than focusing on who or what does the “destroying.” If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “God” did it by using the destroyer. Alternate translation: [God used the destroyer to destroy them]

Note 4 topic: translate-unknown

τοῦ ὀλοθρευτοῦ

the destroyer

Here, the destroyer refers to an angelic messenger whom God sends to “destroy.” Sometimes, this angel is called “the Angel of Death.” The stories that Paul refers to do not explicitly mention the destroyer, but Paul understands the destroyer to be the one who acts out God’s judgment by bringing a plague and killing Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the destroyer with a word or phrase that refers to a spiritual being that “destroys.” However, this spiritual being must be one whom God could send. Alternate translation: [the angel of death] or [a destroying angel]