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OET interlinear JOS 11:20

◄ ← JOS 11:20 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. כִּי
    2. 151819
    3. If/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. S
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104986
    1. מֵ,אֵת
    2. 151820,151821
    3. from with
    4. -
    5. 854
    6. S-R,R
    7. from,with
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104987
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 151822
    3. YHWH
    4. -
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104988
    2. 151823
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-paseq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104989
    1. הָיְתָה
    2. 151824
    3. it was
    4. it
    5. 1961
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    7. it_was
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104990
    1. לְ,חַזֵּק
    2. 151825,151826
    3. to strengthen
    4. -
    5. 2388
    6. SV-R,Vpc
    7. to,strengthen
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104991
    1. אֶת
    2. 151827
    3. DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-To
    7. DOM
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104992
    2. 151828
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104993
    1. לִבָּ,ם
    2. 151829,151830
    3. heart of their
    4. -
    6. O-Ncmsc,Sp3mp
    7. heart_of,their
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104994
    1. לִ,קְרַאת
    2. 151831,151832
    3. to meet
    4. -
    5. 7125
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. to,meet
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104995
    1. הַ,מִּלְחָמָה
    2. 151833,151834
    3. the battle
    4. -
    5. 4421
    6. O-Td,Ncfsa
    7. the,battle
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104996
    1. אֶת
    2. 151835
    3. with
    4. -
    5. 854
    6. S-R
    7. with
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104997
    2. 151836
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104998
    1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
    2. 151837
    3. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    4. Yisrael
    5. 3478
    6. S-Np
    7. Israel
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104999
    1. לְמַעַן
    2. 151838
    3. so as
    4. -
    5. 4616
    6. S-R
    7. so_as
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105000
    1. הַֽחֲרִימָ,ם
    2. 151839,151840
    3. to totally destroy them
    4. -
    6. VO-Vhc,Sp3mp
    7. to,totally_destroy_them
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105001
    1. לְ,בִלְתִּי
    2. 151841,151842
    3. to not
    4. -
    5. 1115
    6. S-R,C
    7. to=not
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105002
    1. הֱיוֹת
    2. 151843
    3. to belong
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. V-Vqc
    7. to_belong
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105003
    2. 151844
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 105004
    1. לָ,הֶם
    2. 151845,151846
    3. to/for them
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    7. to/for=them
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105005
    1. תְּחִנָּה
    2. 151847
    3. favour
    4. -
    5. 8467
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. favor
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105006
    1. כִּי
    2. 151848
    3. if/because
    4. because
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105007
    1. לְמַעַן
    2. 151849
    3. so as
    4. -
    5. 4616
    6. S-R
    7. so_as
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105008
    1. הַשְׁמִידָ,ם
    2. 151850,151851
    3. to destroy them
    4. -
    5. 8045
    6. VO-Vhc,Sp3mp
    7. to,destroy_them
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105009
    1. כַּ,אֲשֶׁר
    2. 151852,151853
    3. just as
    4. -
    6. S-R,Tr
    7. just=as
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105010
    1. צִוָּה
    2. 151854
    3. he had commanded
    4. instructed
    5. 6680
    6. V-Vpp3ms
    7. he_had_commanded
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105011
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 151855
    3. YHWH
    4. -
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105012
    1. אֶת
    2. 151856
    3. DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-To
    7. DOM
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105013
    2. 151857
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 105014
    1. מֹשֶֽׁה
    2. 151858
    3. Mosheh
    4. Mosheh
    5. 4872
    6. O-Np
    7. Moses
    8. -
    9. Person=Moses; Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105015
    2. 151859
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 105016
    2. 151860
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-samekh
    8. S
    9. -
    10. 105017

OET (OET-LV) If/because from_with YHWH it_was to_strengthen DOM heart_of_their to_meet the_battle with Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) so_as to_totally_destroy_them to_not to_belong to/for_them favour if/because so_as to_destroy_them just_as he_had_commanded YHWH DOM Mosheh.

OET (OET-RV) because it was Yahweh who’d made them stubborn so they’d fight against Yisrael and be completely destroyed without any mercy. Yes, they were annihilated just as Yahweh had instructed Mosheh.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:16–23 The towns that the Israelites conquered

In this section there is a summary of the towns that the Israelites conquered in the land of Canaan.

11:20a

For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts

For: The word For indicates that the following clause contains the reason why the Israelites defeated all the towns that were named in the previous verses. Another way to translate this word is:

These things happened because

it was of the LORD: The clause it was of the LORD indicates that Yahweh caused these things to happen.

to harden their hearts: The clause harden their hearts indicates that Yahweh caused the enemy people to be stubborn and rebellious, so that they were not willing to make peace treaties with the Israelites. Like Pharaoh in Exodus 5:2, the kings of the towns decided to oppose God and his plans instead of submitting to them.

Here are some other ways to translate this sentence:

These things happened because Yahweh made their hearts stubborn and rebellious

The Israelites defeated these enemies because Yahweh caused them to be unwilling to make peace

11:20b

to engage Israel in battle,

to engage Israel in battle: The clause that to engage Israel in battle indicates that the enemy nations were determined to fight against the Israelites.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

so that they wanted to fight against the Israelites

Instead they fought against the Israelites

11:20c

so that they would be set apart for destruction

so that they would be set apart for destruction: The clause so that they would be set apart for destruction indicates that the Israelites had to kill all their enemies. In some languages it may be more natural to begin a new sentence here. For example:

This happened so that they would all die

11:20d

and would receive no mercy, being annihilated

and would receive no mercy: The clause receive no mercy indicates that the Israelites were not to show mercy to their enemies or allow any of them to live.

being annihilated: The clause being annihilated indicates that the Israelites must destroy the Canaanites. This clause repeats the information of verse 20c using different words to emphasize how important this was. In some languages repetition may not be a natural way to show emphasis. There may be other lexical or grammatical means to indicate emphasis. Use whatever means is natural to indicate emphasis in your language.

11:20e

as the LORD had commanded Moses.

as the LORD had commanded Moses: It may be more natural in some languages to begin a new sentence here. The clause as the LORD had commanded Moses refers to the command that Yahweh gave Moses in Deuteronomy 7:2. Yahweh commanded the Israelites to destroy the Canaanite people so that the Israelites would not be tempted to worship their gods.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

לְ⁠חַזֵּ֣ק אֶת־לִבָּ⁠ם֩ לִ⁠קְרַ֨את הַ⁠מִּלְחָמָ֤ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙

to,strengthen DOM heart_of,their to,meet the,battle DOM Yisrael

The author is speaking as if these people’s hearts were something that could become physically hard. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [to make them determined to fight against Israel]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

לְמַ֣עַן הַֽחֲרִימָ֔⁠ם & לְמַ֣עַן הַשְׁמִידָ֔⁠ם

in_order_that to,totally_destroy_them & that to,destroy_them

The author means implicitly that the Israelites would do these things. Alternate translation: [so that the Israelites would devote them … so that the Israelites would destroy them]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

לְ⁠בִלְתִּ֥י הֱיוֹת־לָ⁠הֶ֖ם תְּחִנָּ֑ה

to=not to_be to/for=them mercy

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of favor, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [so that no one would treat them favorably]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

11:19-20 The judgment on Canaan was God’s, not Israel’s. God had extended mercy to the Canaanites for several generations. However, God determined that “the sins of the Amorites” now “warrant their destruction” (Gen 15:16), and he hardened their hearts. God used Israel as the instrument and agent of his judgment, just as in later centuries God used other nations to execute judgment upon Israel and Judah for their sins.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. If/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 151819
    6. S-C
    8. S
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104986
    1. from with
    2. -
    3. 4129,347
    5. 151820,151821
    6. S-R,R
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104987
    1. YHWH
    2. -
    3. 3354
    5. 151822
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104988
    1. it was
    2. it
    3. 1929
    5. 151824
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104990
    1. to strengthen
    2. -
    3. 3705,2534
    5. 151825,151826
    6. SV-R,Vpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104991
    1. DOM
    2. -
    3. 347
    5. 151827
    6. O-To
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104992
    1. heart of their
    2. -
    3. 3747,1978
    5. 151829,151830
    6. O-Ncmsc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104994
    1. to meet
    2. -
    3. 3705,7051
    5. 151831,151832
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104995
    1. the battle
    2. -
    3. 1893,4114
    5. 151833,151834
    6. O-Td,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104996
    1. with
    2. -
    3. 347
    5. 151835
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104997
    1. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    2. Yisrael
    3. 3077
    5. 151837
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104999
    1. so as
    2. -
    3. 3729
    5. 151838
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105000
    1. to totally destroy them
    2. -
    3. 2640,1978
    5. 151839,151840
    6. VO-Vhc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105001
    1. to not
    2. -
    3. 3705,1042
    5. 151841,151842
    6. S-R,C
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105002
    1. to belong
    2. -
    3. 1929
    5. 151843
    6. V-Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105003
    1. to/for them
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 151845,151846
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105005
    1. favour
    2. -
    3. 8166
    5. 151847
    6. S-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105006
    1. if/because
    2. because
    3. 3482
    5. 151848
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105007
    1. so as
    2. -
    3. 3729
    5. 151849
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105008
    1. to destroy them
    2. -
    3. 7837,1978
    5. 151850,151851
    6. VO-Vhc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105009
    1. just as
    2. -
    3. 3418,238
    5. 151852,151853
    6. S-R,Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105010
    1. he had commanded
    2. instructed
    3. 6641
    5. 151854
    6. V-Vpp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105011
    1. YHWH
    2. -
    3. 3354
    5. 151855
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105012
    1. DOM
    2. -
    3. 347
    5. 151856
    6. O-To
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105013
    1. Mosheh
    2. Mosheh
    3. 4798
    5. 151858
    6. O-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Moses; Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 105015

OET (OET-LV) If/because from_with YHWH it_was to_strengthen DOM heart_of_their to_meet the_battle with Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) so_as to_totally_destroy_them to_not to_belong to/for_them favour if/because so_as to_destroy_them just_as he_had_commanded YHWH DOM Mosheh.

OET (OET-RV) because it was Yahweh who’d made them stubborn so they’d fight against Yisrael and be completely destroyed without any mercy. Yes, they were annihilated just as Yahweh had instructed Mosheh.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 11:20 ↑ → ► ║ ©