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OET interlinear JOS 11:4

◄ ← JOS 11:4 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יֵּצְאוּ
    2. 151312,151313
    3. And they went out
    4. ≈So and
    5. 3318
    6. SV-C,Vqw3mp
    7. and=they_went_out
    8. S
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104611
    1. הֵם
    2. 151314
    3. they
    4. -
    5. 1992
    6. S-Pp3mp
    7. they
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104612
    1. וְ,כָל
    2. 151315,151316
    3. and all
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-C,Ncmsc
    7. and=all
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104613
    2. 151317
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104614
    1. מַֽחֲנֵי,הֶם
    2. 151318,151319
    3. armies of their
    4. their
    5. 4264
    6. S-Ncbpc,Sp3mp
    7. armies_of,their
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104615
    1. עִמָּ,ם
    2. 151320,151321
    3. with them
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    7. with,them
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104616
    1. עַם
    2. 151322
    3. a people
    4. people
    6. P-Ncmsa
    7. a_people
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104617
    2. 151323
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104618
    1. רָב
    2. 151324
    3. numerous
    4. -
    6. P-Aamsa
    7. numerous
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104619
    1. כַּ,חוֹל
    2. 151325,151326
    3. like sand
    4. -
    5. 2344
    6. P-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. like,sand
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104620
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 151327
    3. which
    4. that
    6. P-Tr
    7. which
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104621
    1. עַל
    2. 151328
    3. +is on
    4. -
    6. P-R
    7. [is]_on
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104622
    2. 151329
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104623
    1. שְׂפַת
    2. 151330
    3. the shore of
    4. -
    5. 8193
    6. P-Ncfsc
    7. the_shore_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104624
    2. 151331
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104625
    1. הַ,יָּם
    2. 151332,151333
    3. the sea
    4. -
    5. 3220
    6. P-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the=sea
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104626
    1. לָ,רֹב
    2. 151334,151335
    3. to increase in number
    4. -
    5. 7230
    6. P-R,Ncbsa
    7. to=increase_in_number
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104627
    1. וְ,סוּס
    2. 151336,151337
    3. and horse[s]
    4. horses
    6. P-C,Ncmsa
    7. and,horse[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104628
    1. וָ,רֶכֶב
    2. 151338,151339
    3. and chariot[s]
    4. chariots
    5. 7393
    6. P-C,Ncmsa
    7. and,chariot[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104629
    1. רַב
    2. 151340
    3. many
    4. -
    6. P-Aamsa
    7. many
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104630
    2. 151341
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104631
    1. מְאֹד
    2. 151342
    3. very
    4. -
    5. 3966
    6. P-D
    7. very
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104632
    2. 151343
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104633

OET (OET-LV) And_they_went_out they and_all armies_of_their with_them a_people numerous like_sand which is_on the_shore_of the_sea to_increase_in_number and_horse[s] and_chariot[s] many very.

OET (OET-RV) So they all came out with their warriors—so many people that they were as many as the grains of sand on the seashore, along with many horses and chariots.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:1–15 The Israelites conquered the towns of northern Canaan

King Jabin, the king of Hazor, brought together the kings of the towns in Northern Canaan to fight against Israel. With the help of Yahweh, Joshua and the Israelites fought and defeated all these towns and killed their kings and their people.

Here is another possible section heading:

Israel defeated the northern towns

11:4a

So these kings came out with all their armies, a multitude

So: The Hebrew connector that the BSB translates as So introduces the next event in the story. Here it also indicates result. The kings and their armies marched out in response to the message they had received from King Jabin of Hazor.

these kings: The pronoun these kings indicates the kings of the towns referred to in verse 3.

came out with all their armies: The verb came out indicates that the kings gathered their troops together and came out of their towns to fight against the Israelites.

Here is another way to translate this clause:

the kings of these towns came out with all their soldiers

a multitude: The phrase a multitude indicates that there were many soldiers.

11:4b

as numerous as the sand on the seashore,

as numerous as the sand on the seashore: The phrase as numerous as the sand on the seashore indicates a comparison. The number of Canaanite soldiers gathered to fight against the Israelites is compared to the grains of sand on the beach by the sea. There were so many that it was impossible to count them. In some languages it may be helpful to make this comparison clearer. For example:

there were so many soldiers that they could not be counted. It was like counting the sand that is on the seashore

11:4c

along with a great number of horses and chariots.

along with a great number of horses and chariots: The horses were used to pull the chariots. At that time, the Israelite army did not have any horses or chariots. The Canaanite army had more soldiers and had better weapons than the Israelites. This made the Israelite victory even more remarkable and showed that it was only possible because God fought for them.

chariots: The chariots were light carts that were each pulled by one or two horses. There was room in the chariot for two soldiers. One drove the horses and the other was free to fight with a sword or with bow and arrows.

Here are some other ways to translate this term:

war cart

horse-drawn war cart

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

מַֽחֲנֵי⁠הֶם֙

armies_of,their

The author is using the term camps by association to mean the armies that were camped in them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

וְ⁠ס֥וּס וָ⁠רֶ֖כֶב רַב־מְאֹֽד

and,horse[s] and,chariot[s] great//chief/captain very

The author is not referring to a specific horse or chariot. He means horses and chariots in general. It may be more natural in your language to express this meaning by using plural forms. Alternate translation: [and many horses and chariots]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

11:4 In the ancient Near East at this time, horses only pulled chariots; cavalry and mounted bowmen did not appear until centuries later.
• Israel probably faced chariots for the first time in this battle against the northern coalition, where the land was flatter than in southern Canaan. As the heavy weapons of the battlefield, chariots easily overpowered foot soldiers. Scythes were often attached to the axles, and charioteers drove at opposing infantry to mow them down.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And they went out
    2. ≈So and
    3. 1987,3278
    5. 151312,151313
    6. SV-C,Vqw3mp
    8. S
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104611
    1. they
    2. -
    3. 1875
    5. 151314
    6. S-Pp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104612
    1. and all
    2. -
    3. 1987,3671
    5. 151315,151316
    6. S-C,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104613
    1. armies of their
    2. their
    3. 4412,1978
    5. 151318,151319
    6. S-Ncbpc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104615
    1. with them
    2. -
    3. 5681,1978
    5. 151320,151321
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104616
    1. a people
    2. people
    3. 5847
    5. 151322
    6. P-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104617
    1. numerous
    2. -
    3. 7191
    5. 151324
    6. P-Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104619
    1. like sand
    2. -
    3. 3418,2742
    5. 151325,151326
    6. P-Rd,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104620
    1. which
    2. that
    3. 238
    5. 151327
    6. P-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104621
    1. +is on
    2. -
    3. 5837
    5. 151328
    6. P-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104622
    1. the shore of
    2. -
    3. 8106
    5. 151330
    6. P-Ncfsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104624
    1. the sea
    2. -
    3. 1893,3237
    5. 151332,151333
    6. P-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104626
    1. to increase in number
    2. -
    3. 3705,7358
    5. 151334,151335
    6. P-R,Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104627
    1. and horse[s]
    2. horses
    3. 1987,5505
    5. 151336,151337
    6. P-C,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104628
    1. and chariot[s]
    2. chariots
    3. 1987,7173
    5. 151338,151339
    6. P-C,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104629
    1. many
    2. -
    3. 7191
    5. 151340
    6. P-Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104630
    1. very
    2. -
    3. 3867
    5. 151342
    6. P-D
    8. -
    9. Y-1450; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104632

OET (OET-LV) And_they_went_out they and_all armies_of_their with_them a_people numerous like_sand which is_on the_shore_of the_sea to_increase_in_number and_horse[s] and_chariot[s] many very.

OET (OET-RV) So they all came out with their warriors—so many people that they were as many as the grains of sand on the seashore, along with many horses and chariots.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 11:4 ↑ → ► ║ ©