OET interlinear 2 SAM 22:3

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

אֱלֹהֵ֥י צוּרִ֖⁠י

god_of my_rock_of,my

David is using the possessive form to describe God as characterized by the quality he represents with the image of a rock. If a speaker of your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could express this idea in another way. Alternate translation: [God who is my rock]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

אֱלֹהֵ֥י צוּרִ֖⁠י

god_of my_rock_of,my

David is speaking of God as if he were a high rock that he could climb up to reach safety from danger. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this as a comparison. Alternate translation: [God who is like a rock to me]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

אֶחֱסֶה־בּ֑⁠וֹ

take_refuge in/on/over=him/it

David is speaking of taking refuge in God as if God were a place of safety in which he could hide. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [I can depend on him to keep me safe]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

מָגִנִּ֞⁠י

(Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

Here David is speaking of Yahweh as if he were a shield that protected him from attack. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [my protector]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

וְ⁠קֶ֣רֶן יִשְׁעִ֗⁠י

and,the_horn_of (Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

David is using the possessive form to describe a horn that is characterized by providing salvation. If a speaker of your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could express this idea in another way. Alternate translation: [and the horn that saves me]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠קֶ֣רֶן יִשְׁעִ֗⁠י

and,the_horn_of (Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

David is speaking of God’s power to save him as if it were a powerful horn of an animal. A horn was a symbol of strength in ancient Israelite culture because animals use their horns as weapons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and the one who saves my by his power]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

מִשְׂגַּבִּ⁠י֙ וּ⁠מְנוּסִ֔⁠י

(Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

The words that the ULT translates as stronghold and refuge here are not the same words in the original that it translates as “stronghold” in the previous verse and take refuge earlier in this verse. Hebrew had more synonyms for these ideas than some other languages may have. It may be necessary for you to use the same words rather than different ones. However, if you do have a variety of terms for these ideas, it would be appropriate to use different words here than were used in the previous ones.

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

מִשְׂגַּבִּ⁠י֙ וּ⁠מְנוּסִ֔⁠י

(Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

The terms stronghold and refuge mean similar things. David is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [my strong refuge]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

מִשְׂגַּבִּ⁠י֙ וּ⁠מְנוּסִ֔⁠י

(Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

David is speaking of Yahweh as if he were a stronghold and refuge, places where people could go to be safe from their enemies. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the one who keeps me completely safe]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person

מֵ⁠חָמָ֖ס תֹּשִׁעֵֽ⁠נִי

from,violence (Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

David says in [22:1](../22/01.md) that David sang this song “to Yahweh.” Here and later in the song, especially in [verses 26–44](../22/26.md) and [49–51](../22/49.md), David addresses Yahweh directly as “you.” However, in the rest of the song, he speaks of Yahweh in the third person, saying “he,” “him,” and “his.” If it would be more natural in your language, you could use either the second person or the third person consistently throughout the song. The UST models one way to use the second person consistently. If you took the other approach, you could use the third person here and later in the song. Alternate translation: [he saves me from violence]

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

מֵ⁠חָמָ֖ס תֹּשִׁעֵֽ⁠נִי

from,violence (Some words not found in UHB: god_of my_rock_of,my take_refuge in/on/over=him/it shield_of,my and,the_horn_of my_salvation_of,my refuge_of,my and,my_place_of,of_escape my_deliverer_of,my from,violence you,deliver_me )

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of violence, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [you keep violent people from harming me]