REV 11:18 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) The nations were enraged,[ref]
⇔ but your anger has arrived.
⇔ It’s the time to judge the dead
⇔ and to give a reward to your slaves, the prophets,
⇔ and to those who obey you and those who respect you,
⇔ both the lowly ones and the powerful,
⇔ and to destroy those who are destroying the earth.”

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT And the nations were enraged,
⇔  but your wrath has come
⇔  and the time for the dead to be judged,
⇔  and to give a reward to your servants
⇔  the prophets and to the saints
⇔  and to the ones fearing your name,
⇔  the small and the great,
⇔  and to destroy the ones destroying the earth.”

UST The unbelieving people of the nations were raging angrily at you.
⇔ As a result, you have punished them.
⇔ You have decided that this is the right time for you to judge all those who have died.
⇔ You are rewarding your servants who spoke your message and the people who belong to you,
⇔ You are rewarding all those who honor you,
⇔ whoever they are.
⇔ You have decided that it is time for you to destroy the people who have been destroying the earth.”

BSB The nations were enraged,[fn]
⇔ and Your wrath has come.
⇔ The time [has come] to judge the dead[fn]
⇔ and to reward Your servants the prophets,
⇔ as well as the saints and those who fear Your name,
⇔ [both] small and great—
⇔ and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

MSB The nations were enraged,[fn]
⇔ and Your wrath has come.
⇔ The time [has come] to judge the dead[fn]
⇔ and to reward Your servants the prophets,
⇔ as well as the saints and those who fear Your name,
⇔ [both] small and great—
⇔ and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

11:18 See Psalm 2:1.

11:18 GOC nations; see Daniel 12:2.

BLB And the nations were enraged, and Your wrath came, and the time for the dead to be judged, and to give the reward to Your servants, the prophets, and to the saints, and to those fearing Your name, the small and the great, and to destroy those who are destroying the earth."

AICNT The nations raged, but {your}[fn] wrath has come, and the time for the dead to be judged, and to give the reward to your servants the prophets and to the saints and to those who fear your name, both small and great, and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

11:18, your: Some manuscripts read “his.” 𝔓47 ℵ(01)

OEB The nations were enraged, and your wrath fell on them; the time came for the dead to be judged, and for you to give the reward to your servants the prophets, and to the people of Christ, and to those who honour your name – the high and the low alike – and to destroy those who are destroying the earth.”

WEBBE The nations were angry, and your wrath came, as did the time for the dead to be judged, and to give your bondservants the prophets, their reward, as well as to the saints and those who fear your name, to the small and the great, and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

WMBB The nations were angry, and your wrath came, as did the time for the dead to be judged, and to give your bondservants the prophets, their reward, as well as to the holy ones and those who fear your name, to the small and the great, and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

NET The nations were enraged,
⇔ but your wrath has come,
⇔ and the time has come for the dead to be judged,
⇔ and the time has come to give to your servants,
⇔ the prophets, their reward,
⇔ as well as to the saints
⇔ and to those who revere your name, both small and great,
⇔ and the time has come to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

LSV and the nations were angry, and Your anger came, and the time of the dead to be judged, and to give the reward to Your servants, to the prophets, and to the holy ones, and to those fearing Your Name, to the small and to the great, and to destroy those who are destroying the earth.”

FBV The nations became furious, but your judgment has come,[fn] the time when the dead will be judged. This is the time when your servants the prophets and the believers will be given their reward, those who respect your authority, both the weak and the powerful. This is also the time when you will destroy those who destroy the earth.

11:18 In other words, the day of judgment. On the issue of human anger as opposed to divine anger see on 6:16.

TCNT The nations were angry,
⇔ but yoʋr wrath has come,
⇔ and the time has come for judging the [fn]dead,
⇔ and for rewarding yoʋr servants the prophets,
⇔ along with the saints [fn]and those who fear yoʋr name,
⇔ both small and great,
⇔ and for destroying those who [fn]destroy the earth.”

11:18 dead 𝔐^A,C,K [94.1%] ¦ nations ANT [5.9%]

11:18 and those 𝔐^C,K [77.1%] ¦ — 𝔐^A ANT [22.9%]

11:18 destroy 𝔐^A−,K [60.1%] • 𝔐^A+ [10.6%] ¦ have destroyed 𝔐^C ANT PCK [27.1%]

T4T The unbelieving people of [MTY] the nations were raging at you.
⇔ As a result you have become very angry with them.
⇔ You have decided that this is the appropriate time for you to judge all the dead people.
⇔ You have also decided that it is the time for you to reward all your servants,
⇔ both the prophets and the rest of your people who reverence you [MTY],
⇔ whether they were considered socially significant/important or socially insignificant/unimportant.
⇔ It is time for you to reward all of them!
⇔ You have also decided it is the time for you to destroy the people who are destroying others on the earth.

LEB   • And the nations were angry, and your wrath has come,
  • and the time for the dead to be judged,
• and to give their[fn] reward to your slaves the prophets
  • and to the saints and to the ones who fear your name,
  • the small and the great,
• and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

11:17 *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

BBE And the nations were angry, and your wrath has come, and the time for the dead to be judged, and the time of reward for your servants, the prophets, and for the saints, and for those in whom is the fear of your name, small and great, and the time of destruction for those who made the earth unclean.

Moff the nations were enraged,
⇔ but thine wrath has come;
⇔ the time has come for the dead to be judged,
⇔ the time for rewarding thy servants the prophets,
⇔ and the saints who reverence thy name, both low and high,
⇔ the time for destroying the destroyers of the earth."

Wymth The nations grew angry, and Thine anger has come, and the time for the dead to be judged, and the time for Thee to give their reward to Thy servants the Prophets and to Thy people, and to those who fear Thee, the small and the great, and to destroy those who destroy the earth."

ASV And the nations were wroth, and thy wrath came, and the time of the dead to be judged, and the time to give their reward to thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and to them that fear thy name, the small and the great; and to destroy them that destroy the earth.

DRA And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest render reward to thy servants the prophets and the saints, and to them that fear thy name, little and great, and shouldest destroy them who have corrupted the earth.

YLT and the nations were angry, and Thine anger did come, and the time of the dead, to be judged, and to give the reward to Thy servants, to the prophets, and to the saints, and to those fearing Thy name, to the small and to the great, and to destroy those who are destroying the land.'

Drby And the nations have been full of wrath, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead to be judged, and to give the recompense to thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and to those who fear thy name, small and great; and to destroy those that destroy the earth.

RV And the nations were wroth, and thy wrath came, and the time of the dead to be judged, and the time to give their reward to thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and to them that fear thy name, the small and the great; and to destroy them that destroy the earth.
(And the nations were wroth, and thy/your wrath came, and the time of the dead to be judged, and the time to give their reward to thy/your servants the prophets, and to the saints, and to them that fear thy/your name, the small and the great; and to destroy them that destroy the earth. )

SLT And the nations were angry, and thy wrath came, and the time of the dead, to be judged, and to give reward to thy servants the prophets, and to the holy, and to them fearing thy name, the small and great; and to destroy them destroying the earth.

Wbstr And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest give reward to thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy name, small and great; and shouldest destroy them who destroy the earth.

KJB-1769 And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest give reward unto thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy name, small and great; and shouldest destroy them which destroy the earth.
(And the nations were angry, and thy/your wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou/you shouldest/should give reward unto thy/your servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy/your name, small and great; and shouldest/should destroy them which destroy the earth. )

KJB-1611 And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead that they should bee iudged, and that thou shouldest giue reward vnto thy seruants the Prophets, and to the Saints, & them that feare thy Name, small and great, and shouldest destroy them which [fn]destroy the earth.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation and footnotes)

11:18 Or, corrupt

Bshps And the nations were angrie, and thy wrath is come, and the tyme of the dead that they shoulde be iudged, and that thou shouldest geue rewarde vnto thy seruauntes the prophetes and saintes, and to them that feare thy name, small and great, and shouldest destroy them which destroy the earth.
(And the nations were angry, and thy/your wrath is come, and the time of the dead that they should be judged, and that thou/you shouldest/should give reward unto thy/your servants the prophets and saints, and to them that fear thy/your name, small and great, and shouldest/should destroy them which destroy the earth.)

Gnva And the Gentiles were angrie, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they shoulde be iudged, and that thou shouldest giue reward vnto thy seruants the Prophets, and to the Saintes, and to them that feare thy Name, to small and great, and shouldest destroy them, which destroy the earth.
(And the Gentiles were angry, and thy/your wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou/you shouldest/should give reward unto thy/your servants the Prophets, and to the Saints, and to them that fear thy/your Name, to small and great, and shouldest/should destroy them, which destroy the earth. )

Cvdl And the Heythen were angry, & thy wrath is come, and the tyme of the deed that they shulde be iudged, and that thou shuldest geue rewarde vnto thy seruautes the prophettes and saynctes, and to the that feare thy name, small & greate: and shuldest destroye them which destroye the earth.
(And the Heathen were angry, and thy/your wrath is come, and the time of the deed that they should be judged, and that thou/you shouldest/should give reward unto thy/your servants the prophettes and saynctes, and to the that fear thy/your name, small and great: and shouldest/should destroy them which destroy the earth.)

TNT And the nacions were angry and thy wrath is come and the tyme of the deed that they shuld be iudged and that thou shuldest geve rewarde vnto thy servauntes the prophettes and saynctes and to them that feare thy name small and great and shuldest destroye them which destroye the erth.
(And the nations were angry and thy/your wrath is come and the time of the deed that they should be judged and that thou/you shouldest/should give reward unto thy/your servants the prophettes and saynctes and to them that fear thy/your name small and great and shouldest/should destroy them which destroy the earth. )

Wycl And folkis ben wrooth, and thi wraththe cam, and tyme of dede men to be demyd, and to yelde mede to thi seruauntis, and prophetis, and halewis, and dredynge thi name, to smale and to grete, and to distrie hem that corrumpiden the erthe.
(And folks/people been wrath, and thy/your wrath came, and time of deed men to be demyd, and to yield mede to thy/your servants, and prophets, and halewis, and dreading thy/your name, to small and to grete, and to destroy hem that corrumpiden the earth.)

Luth Und die Heiden sind zornig worden, und es ist kommen dein Zorn und die Zeit der Toten, zu richten und zu geben den Lohn deinen Knechten, den Propheten, und den Heiligen und denen, die deinen Namen fürchten, den Kleinen und den Großen, und zu verderben, die die Erde verderbet haben.
(And the heathens are angry been, and it is coming your(s) anger and the time/period the/of_the killing(n), to/for direct and to/for give the wage/salary your(s) servants, the prophet(s), and the saints/holy_ones and those, the your(s) name(s) fear(v), the small_one(s) and the Large, and to/for spoil/corrupt, the die earth/land/ground corrupted have.)

ClVg Et iratæ sunt gentes, et advenit ira tua et tempus mortuorum judicari, et reddere mercedem servis tuis prophetis, et sanctis, et timentibus nomen tuum pusillis et magnis, et exterminandi eos qui corruperunt terram.[fn]
(And anger/ragetæ are people/nations, and he_arrived anger/rage your and time/season of_the_dead judgeri, and to_return a_reward slaves yours prophets, and to_the_saints, and fearing name your(sg) little_ones and magnis, and exterminandi them who/which corruperunt the_earth/land. )

11.18 Qui corruperunt terram. Id est seipsos per malam operationem, et alios per malum exemplum.

11.18 Who corruperunt the_earth/land. That it_is themselves through evil operation, and others through evil exemplum.

UGNT καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν, καὶ ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σου, καὶ ὁ καιρὸς τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι, καὶ δοῦναι τὸν μισθὸν τοῖς δούλοις σου, τοῖς προφήταις, καὶ τοῖς ἁγίοις, καὶ τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά σου, τοὺς μικροὺς καὶ τοὺς μεγάλους, καὶ διαφθεῖραι τοὺς διαφθείροντας τὴν γῆν.
(kai ta ethnaʸ ōrgisthaʸsan, kai aʸlthen haʸ orgaʸ sou, kai ho kairos tōn nekrōn krithaʸnai, kai dounai ton misthon tois doulois sou, tois profaʸtais, kai tois hagiois, kai tois foboumenois to onoma sou, tous mikrous kai tous megalous, kai diaftheirai tous diaftheirontas taʸn gaʸn.)

SBL-GNT καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν, καὶ ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σου καὶ ὁ καιρὸς τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι καὶ δοῦναι τὸν μισθὸν τοῖς δούλοις σου τοῖς προφήταις καὶ τοῖς ἁγίοις καὶ τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά σου, ⸂τοὺς μικροὺς καὶ τοὺς μεγάλους⸃, καὶ διαφθεῖραι τοὺς διαφθείροντας τὴν γῆν.
(kai ta ethnaʸ ōrgisthaʸsan, kai aʸlthen haʸ orgaʸ sou kai ho kairos tōn nekrōn krithaʸnai kai dounai ton misthon tois doulois sou tois profaʸtais kai tois hagiois kai tois foboumenois to onoma sou, ⸂tous mikrous kai tous megalous⸃, kai diaftheirai tous diaftheirontas taʸn gaʸn.)

RP-GNT Καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν, καὶ ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σου, καὶ ὁ καιρὸς τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι, καὶ δοῦναι τὸν μισθὸν τοῖς δούλοις σου τοῖς προφήταις καὶ τοῖς ἁγίοις καὶ τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά σου, τοῖς μικροῖς καὶ τοῖς μεγάλοις, καὶ διαφθεῖραι τοὺς διαφθείροντας τὴν γῆν.
(Kai ta ethnaʸ ōrgisthaʸsan, kai aʸlthen haʸ orgaʸ sou, kai ho kairos tōn nekrōn krithaʸnai, kai dounai ton misthon tois doulois sou tois profaʸtais kai tois hagiois kai tois foboumenois to onoma sou, tois mikrois kai tois megalois, kai diaftheirai tous diaftheirontas taʸn gaʸn.)

TC-GNT Καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν,
⇔ καὶ ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σου
⇔ καὶ ὁ καιρὸς τῶν [fn]νεκρῶν κριθῆναι
⇔ καὶ δοῦναι τὸν μισθὸν τοῖς δούλοις σου τοῖς προφήταις
⇔ καὶ τοῖς ἁγίοις [fn]καὶ τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά σου,
⇔ [fn]τοῖς μικροῖς καὶ τοῖς μεγάλοις,
⇔ καὶ διαφθεῖραι τοὺς [fn]διαφθείροντας τὴν γῆν.
(Kai ta ethnaʸ ōrgisthaʸsan,
⇔ kai aʸlthen haʸ orgaʸ sou
⇔ kai ho kairos tōn nekrōn krithaʸnai
⇔ kai dounai ton misthon tois doulois sou tois profaʸtais
⇔ kai tois hagiois kai tois foboumenois to onoma sou,
⇔ tois mikrois kai tois megalois,
⇔ kai diaftheirai tous diaftheirontas taʸn gaʸn. )

11:18 νεκρων 𝔐^A,C,K [94.1%] ¦ εθνων ANT [5.9%]

11:18 και 𝔐^C,K [77.1%] ¦ — 𝔐^A ANT [22.9%]

11:18 τοις μικροις και τοις μεγαλοις 𝔐^A,C,K [96.3%] ¦ τους μικρους και τους μεγαλους NA SBL TH WH [2.3%]

11:18 διαφθειροντας 𝔐^A−,K [60.1%] ¦ διαφθειραντας 𝔐^C ANT PCK [27.1%] ¦ φθειροντας 𝔐^A+ [10.6%]

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:15–19: The angel blew the seventh trumpet

In this section, the seventh angel blew his trumpet. Then voices in heaven announced that God and Jesus now rule over the whole world. The voices also announced that God would soon judge all people. He would reward believers but punish those destroying the earth. John also saw God’s temple in heaven opened and the ark of the covenant inside it.

Other examples of headings for this section are:

The seventh angel and his trumpet

The seventh trumpet sounded/blew

11:18a–b

The nations were enraged, and Your wrath has come: There is some contrast between these two clauses. The people were angry, but God was also angry. God made their anger ineffective. In some languages it is more natural to indicate this contrast. For example:

The nations were filled with wrath, but now the time of your wrath has come (NLT)

were enraged…wrath: The phrase were enraged and the word wrath both refer to strong anger. The people of the nations were very angry with God, and he became very angry with them. For example:

The nations were filled with wrath, but now the time of your wrath has come (NLT)

11:18a

The nations were enraged,

The nations against you were angry,
The people of the world were filled with anger,

nations: Here the word nations refers to people who do not believe in God. For example:

people of the world (NCV)

11:18b

and Your wrath has come.

but the day of your anger has come,
but now is the time when you act in anger against them.

Your wrath has come: This clause indicates that God has begun to act against the nations because of his anger. He will punish them. Other ways to translate this clause are:

the time for your anger has come (GNT)

you now act in anger against them

11:18c

The time has come to judge the dead

and the time has come to judge the dead,
Now is the time when you will judge the people who have died,

The time has come to judge the dead: The Greek words are literally “and the time to judge the dead.” For example:

and the time for the dead to be judged (RSV)

The BSB begins a new sentence at 11:18c and repeats the phrase has come. The BSB does that to make this verse easier to read. In some languages it is more natural to begin a new sentence here.

The time has come: This clause applies to all three phrases in 11:18 that begin with “to” (11:18c, 11:18d–f, 11:18g).

time: Here this word probably refers to a general time period rather than an exact time. But it is also possible that the elders are saying this just before God judges all people (20:11–15). Use a word or phrase that allows for either interpretation.

judge: This word means “decide whether a person is guilty or not.”

the dead: This phrase refers to people who have died.

11:18d–e

Your servants the prophets, as well as the saints: There are several ways to interpret the relationship between the phrase Your servants and the rest of these words. The main interpretations are:

The word servants refers only to the prophets. For example:
your servants, the prophets, and all your people, (GNT) (BSB, GNT, NIV, NJB, NABRE, NLT, CEV, NET, REB, NCV, KJV)
The word servants refers to all of the following groups. For example:
your servants, the prophets and saints, (ESV) (RSV, NASB, ESV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1).Aune (page 632), Swete (page 143), and Lenski (page 356) support interpretation (1).

11:18d

and to reward Your servants the prophets,

and the time has come to reward your servants, the prophets,
and now is the time when you will reward those who serve you, namely your prophets,

reward: This word refers to doing good to someone because of the good deed he has done. Another way to translate this word is:

give rewards

Your servants the prophets: This phrase indicates that the prophets were God’s servants. Other ways to translate this phrase are:

the prophets who served you

your servants, namely, the prophets

A similar phrase, “His servants the prophets,” occurs in 10:7. See how you translated the phrase there.

11:18e

as well as the saints and those who fear Your name,

and also those who believe in you, namely all those who fear/honor your name,
as well as all those you have made holy. They are the ones who respect and honor you,

the saints and those who fear Your name: There are two ways to interpret the relationship between the phrase those who fear Your name and the previous groups:

The phrase those who fear Your name describes all the previous groups. For example:
all your people, all who have reverence for you, (GNT) (GNT, CEV, NCV)
The phrase those who fear Your name refers to a group separate from all the previous groups. For example:
for the saints and for those who fear your name, (NJB) (BSB, RSV, NIV, NJB, NASB, NABRE, NLT, GW, NET, REB, ESV, KJV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). It is more likely that the phrase those who fear Your name describes all followers.Beale (page 616), Lenski (pages 356–357), Osbourne (pages 446–447), and others support interpretation (1). Aune (page 645) and Swete (page 144) say that the two groups are Jewish and Gentile Christians, based on similar phrases in Acts 13. But Beale, Lenski, and Osbourne say that a connection to Acts 13 is inappropriate here.

saints: The Greek word that the BSB translates as saints means “holy ones.” Here the word refers to all believers. For example:

your people (GNT)

See how you translated this word in 5:8 or 8:3.

those who fear Your name: The Greek word that the BSB translates as fear is often translated “reverence.” Here the Greek word means “respect” or “revere.” People who fear God think about him humbly, with awe. They worship and obey him. Other ways to translate this phrase are:

all who respect you (NCV)

people who honor your name (CEV)

those who reverence your name (NIV)

11:18f

both small and great—

both humble and important,
those of both low and high status.

both small and great: This phrase refers to believers of low status in society and believers of high status in society. It implies believers of all classes and position in society. The phrase does not refer to physical size.

In some languages it is more natural to have the high status first. Other ways to translate this phrase are:

both of high and lowly position/place

whether they are important people or not

both humble and great

11:18g

and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

and the time has come to destroy/ruin the people who destroy/ruin the earth.”
Now is also the time when you will destroy/ruin those who destroy/ruin the world/land.”

those who destroy the earth: This phrase refers to all people who harm the earth or any part of it.Some scholars (i.e. Aune, Beale, Kistemaker) think that “earth” refers to the people of the earth. But all English versions on TW and the NJB translate the Greek word only as “earth.” Johnson, Hughes, and Mounce think it only means “earth” here. God will destroy them because they destroyed his creation. Other ways to translate this phrase are:

those who ruin the earth

This phrase could also refer to Satan and demons. So your translation should allow for that possible meaning as well.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τὰ ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί τά ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν καί ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σοῦ καί ὁ καιρός τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι καί δοῦναι τόν μισθόν τοῖς δούλοις σοῦ τοῖς προφήταις καί τοῖς ἁγίοις καί τοῖς φοβουμένοις τό ὄνομα σοῦ τούς μικρούς καί τούς μεγάλους καί διαφθεῖραι τούς διαφθείροντας τήν γῆν)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [the nations were furious]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σου, καὶ ὁ καιρὸς τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι

came the wrath (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί τά ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν καί ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σοῦ καί ὁ καιρός τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι καί δοῦναι τόν μισθόν τοῖς δούλοις σοῦ τοῖς προφήταις καί τοῖς ἁγίοις καί τοῖς φοβουμένοις τό ὄνομα σοῦ τούς μικρούς καί τούς μεγάλους καί διαφθεῖραι τούς διαφθείροντας τήν γῆν)

John is speaking of God’s wrath as if it were a living thing that has come to the nations. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [you are now punishing them and judging the dead]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σου, καὶ ὁ καιρὸς

John is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [your wrath has come and the time has come]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι

˱for˲_the dead ˓to_be˒_judged

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [for you to judge the dead]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

τῶν νεκρῶν

˱for˲_the dead

John is using the adjective dead as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [people who have died]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά σου

˱to˲_the the ˱to˲_the ˱to˲_the_‹ones› fearing (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί τά ἔθνη ὠργίσθησαν καί ἦλθεν ἡ ὀργή σοῦ καί ὁ καιρός τῶν νεκρῶν κριθῆναι καί δοῦναι τόν μισθόν τοῖς δούλοις σοῦ τοῖς προφήταις καί τοῖς ἁγίοις καί τοῖς φοβουμένοις τό ὄνομα σοῦ τούς μικρούς καί τούς μεγάλους καί διαφθεῖραι τούς διαφθείροντας τήν γῆν)

Here, name represents a person by association with the way that each person has a name. Alternate translation: [the ones fearing you]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τοὺς μικροὺς καὶ τοὺς μεγάλους

The elders are speaking as if unimportant people were literally small and as if important people were literally large or great. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the unimportant and the important]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

τοὺς μικροὺς καὶ τοὺς μεγάλους

The elders are using the adjectives small and great as nouns to mean certain kinds of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate these words with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: [both unimportant people and important people]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

τοὺς μικροὺς καὶ τοὺς μεγάλους

The elders are using two extremes of people, small and great, to mean them and everyone in between. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [whatever their status]

Parallel REV 11:18

Section 11:15–19: The angel blew the seventh trumpet

11:18a–b

11:18a

11:18b

11:18c

11:18d–e

11:18d

11:18e

11:18f

11:18g