OET interlinear PSA 40:4

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / exclamations

אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי הַ⁠גֶּ֗בֶר

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

David is using the phrase The happinesses of to express a strong feeling of admiration for those who trust in Yahweh. There may be an equivalent word or phrase in your language that you can use in your translation to convey this feeling. If not, you could express the idea of how fortunate such a person is. Alternate translation: [Oh, how happy is the person]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

הַ⁠גֶּ֗בֶר

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

David is not referring to a specific man. He means people in general. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use an expression that would be more natural in your language. Alternate translation: [the one]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

מִבְטַח֑⁠וֹ

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of trust, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [the one he relies on]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְֽ⁠לֹא־פָנָ֥ה אֶל־רְ֝הָבִ֗ים

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

David is speaking as if choosing to follow or trust the proud were physically having turned to face them. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [has not put his trust in the proud]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

רְ֝הָבִ֗ים

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

David is using the adjective proud as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [arrogant people]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠שָׂטֵ֥י כָזָֽב

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

By the goers aside, David means “those who have gone astray after falsehood.” You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [and those who follow after falsehood]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

כָזָֽב

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_gave in,mouth_of,my song new song_of_praise to,God_of,our see many and,they_will_fear and,they_will_trust in,Yahweh )

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of falsehood, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [lies]