OET interlinear PSA 40:14

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / imperative3p

יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּ וְ⁠יַחְפְּר֨וּ ׀ יַחַד֮

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

By using Let in each of the phrases in this and the following verses, David is expressing what he desires or prays will happen. See the discussion in the introduction to this book about “let” and “may” and follow the decision of your team of how a speaker will express in this context what he wants to happen. Alternate translation: [I desire that they all have shame and disgrace]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּ

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

The pronoun them here and in the next several verses refers to the seekers of my life mentioned in the next line. These were the enemies who were trying to kill David. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: [Let my enemies have shame]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּ וְ⁠יַחְפְּר֨וּ

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

The terms shame and disgrace mean similar things. David is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [Let them be utterly ashamed]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּ וְ⁠יַחְפְּר֨וּ

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

If your language does not use an abstract nouns for the ideas of shame and disgrace, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: [Let them be ashamed and disgraced]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

מְבַקְשֵׁ֥י נַפְשִׁ֗⁠י לִ⁠סְפּ֫וֹתָ֥⁠הּ

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

David is using the seekers of my life as a common expression of the culture to mean “those who want to kill me.” See how you translated this same phrase in [38:12](../038/012.md). Alternate translation: [all my enemies who want to see me dead]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

יִסֹּ֣גוּ אָ֭חוֹר וְ⁠יִכָּלְמ֑וּ

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

The expressions be turned back and be confounded are passive verbal forms. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the action, the context indicates that it is God. Alternate translation: [Let God turn them back and confuse them]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

יִסֹּ֣גוּ אָ֭חוֹר

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

Here David is asking that his enemies be stopped as if they were walking on a path and then were blocked or turned back. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [Let them be stopped]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

חֲ֝פֵצֵ֗י רָעָתִֽ⁠י

(Some words not found in UHB: pleased YHWH to,deliver,me YHWH to,help_of,my make,haste )

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of harm, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [those wanting to harm me]