LUKE 10:13 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Οὐαί
2. ouai
3. -
4. -
5. 37590
6. I·······
7. woe
8. woe
9. PS
10. -
11. 48033
1. Οὐαί
2. ouai
3. Woe
4. -
5. 37590
6. I·······
7. woe
8. woe
9. PS
10. Y32
11. 48034
1. Οὐά
2. oua
3. -
4. -
5. 37580
6. I·······
7. aha
8. aha
9. P
10. -
11. 48035
1. σοί
2. su
3. to you
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·S
7. ˱to˲ you
8. ˱to˲ you
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48036
1. Χοραζίν
2. χorazin
3. Ⱪorazin
4. -
5. 55230
6. N····VFS
7. Ⱪorazin
8. Chorazin
9. U
10. Location=Chorazin; Y32; F48056; F48077
11. 48037
1. καί
2. kai
3. -
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 48038
1. Οὐαί
2. ouai
3. Woe
4. -
5. 37590
6. I·······
7. woe
8. woe
9. S
10. Y32
11. 48039
1. σοί
2. su
3. to you
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·S
7. ˱to˲ you
8. ˱to˲ you
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48040
1. Βηθσαϊδά
2. bēthsaida
3. Baʸthsaida
4. Bethsaida
5. 9660
6. N····VFS
7. Baʸthsaida
8. Bethsaida
9. U
10. Location=Bethsaida; Y32; F48056; F48077
11. 48041
1. Ὅτι
2. hoti
3. Because
4. Because
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. because
8. because
9. S
10. Y32
11. 48042
1. εἰ
2. ei
3. if
4. -
5. 14870
6. C·······
7. if
8. if
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48043
1. ἐν
2. en
3. in
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48044
1. Τύρῳ
2. turos
3. Turos/(Tsor)
4. Tyre
5. 51840
6. N····DFS
7. Turos/(Tsor)
8. Tyre
9. U
10. Location=Tyre; Y32; F48064; F48066
11. 48045
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48046
1. Σιδῶνι
2. sidōn
3. Sidōn/(Tsīdōn)
4. -
5. 46050
6. N····DFS
7. Sidōn/(Tsīdōn)
8. Sidon
9. U
10. Location=Sidon; Y32; F48064; F48066
11. 48047
1. ἐγένοντο
2. ginomai
3. -
4. -
5. 10960
6. VIAM3··P
7. became
8. became
9. -
10. -
11. 48048
1. ἐγενήθησαν
2. ginomai
3. were become
4. -
5. 10960
6. VIAP3··P
7. ˓were˒ become
8. ˓were˒ become
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48049
1. ἐγεννήθησαν
2. gennaō
3. -
4. -
5. 10800
6. VIAP3··P
7. ˓were˒ born
8. ˓were˒ born
9. -
10. -
11. 48050
1. αἱ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NFP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48051
1. δυνάμεις
2. dunamis
3. miracles
4. miracles
5. 14110
6. N····NFP
7. miracles
8. miracles
9. -
10. Y32; F48054
11. 48052
1. αἱ
2. ho
3. which
4. that
5. 35880
6. R····NFP
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48053
1. γενόμεναι
2. ginomai
3. having become
4. -
5. 10960
6. VPAM·NFP
7. ˓having˒ become
8. ˓having˒ become
9. -
10. Y32; R48052
11. 48054
1. ἐν
2. en
3. in
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48055
1. ὑμῖν
2. su
3. you all
4. -
5. 47710
6. R···2D·P
7. you_all
8. you_all
9. -
10. Y32; R48037; Location=Chorazin; R48041; Location=Bethsaida
11. 48056
1. πάλαι
2. palai
3. long ago
4. long
5. 38190
6. D·······
7. long_ago
8. long_ago
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48057
1. ἄν
2. an
3. would
4. would
5. 3020
6. T·······
7. would
8. would
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48058
1. ἐν
2. en
3. in
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48059
1. σάκκῳ
2. sakkos
3. sackcloth
4. -
5. 45260
6. N····DMS
7. sackcloth
8. sackcloth
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48060
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48061
1. ἐν
2. en
3. -
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. -
11. 48062
1. σποδῷ
2. spodos
3. ashes
4. -
5. 47000
6. N····DFS
7. ashes
8. ashes
9. -
10. Y32
11. 48063
1. καθήμενοι
2. kathēmai
3. sitting
4. -
5. 25210
6. VPPM·NMP
7. sitting
8. sitting
9. -
10. Y32; R48045; Location=Tyre; R48047; Location=Sidon
11. 48064
1. καθήμεναι
2. kathēmai
3. -
4. -
5. 25210
6. VPPM·NFP
7. sitting
8. sitting
9. -
10. -
11. 48065
1. μετενόησαν
2. metanoeō
3. they repented
4. -
5. 33400
6. VIAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ repented
8. ˱they˲ repented
9. -
10. Y32; R48045; Location=Tyre; R48047; Location=Sidon
11. 48066

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:1–24: Jesus sent out seventy-two disciples

In Section 9:1–6 Jesus sent out the twelve apostles to preach and to heal. Here in Section 10:1–24 he sent out a larger group of disciples to different towns. Jesus told this larger group of disciples to visit many towns. They would visit the towns to find out which people and towns would receive Jesus and which would not receive him. Jesus ended his instructions to these disciples by telling them that God would punish the towns where the people did not welcome him.

Notice that in Luke 10:1 there is a textual issue concerning the number of disciples Jesus sent. You should make a decision about this textual issue before you decide on the heading for this section.

Another possible heading for this section is:

Jesus appointed seventy-two disciples to preach and to heal people

Luke is the only gospel writer who wrote about this event. However, there are parallel passages for some of the verses in this section in Matthew 9:37–38, 10:7–16, and 11:21–23.Marshall, p. 412.

Paragraph 10:13–16

Jesus had just been talking to his disciples about how God would punish the people who rejected the message that his disciples preached (10:10–12). Here in 10:13–16 Jesus expressed his sorrow at the terrible punishment that awaited the people. These people had already heard him and had seen him do miracles, but they still refused to repent and believe him.

10:13a

Woe to you, Chorazin!

¶ Jesus continued, “How terrible it will be for the people of Korazin!
¶ “How sad/awful! God will severely punish you^(plur) who live in the town of Korazin because you refuse to repent!

Woe to you, Chorazin!: This is a figure of speech. Jesus was addressing the town of Chorazin as though it were a person. In some languages it may be necessary to make it clear that Jesus was actually talking about the people of the town. For example:

You people of Chorazin

At this time Jesus was not in Chorazin and its people were not actually present. If it is not natural in your language to address people who are not present, you may need to translate this as:

Woe to the people of Chorazin!

The exclamation Woe to you, Chorazin! expressed that Jesus was sad because of the things that would happen to the people of Chorazin. God would punish them. See the note on the same exclamation in 6:24a. Other ways to translate this exclamation are:

How terrible for you, Korazin! (NCV)

What horrors await you, Korazin! (NLT96)

How sad/awful! God will punish you/the people of Korazin severely.

Chorazin: Chorazin was probably a town by the Sea of Galilee where Jesus preached and did some of his miracles. It may have been a village near Capernaum. Here is another way to spell the name of this town:

Korazin (NLT, NCV)

You may use either spelling as a basis for the way you write this name in your language. Both names are pronounced the same way.

10:13b

Woe to you, Bethsaida!

How terrible it will also be for the people of Bethsaida!
He will also severely punish you^(plur) who live in the town of Bethsaida.

Bethsaida: Bethsaida was another town whose people had seen and heard Jesus and had apparently also rejected him. This town was also by Lake Galilee and probably near Capernaum. It was mentioned in 9:10. Be sure that you spell this name the same way in both verses.

General Comment on 10:13a–b

In some languages it may be natural to combine these verse parts. For example:

What sorrow awaits you, Korazin and Bethsaida! (NLT)

How terrible it will be for the people of Korazin and Bethsaida!

10:13c

For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon,

For they saw the miracles that I did among them, but they did not turn from their sins. If the wicked people of Tyre and Sidon had seen miracles like the ones that people in Korazin and Bethsaida saw,
If I had done in the Gentile cities of Tyre and Sidon the miracles that I did in your^(plur) towns,

For: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as For introduces the reason why God would punish the people of Chorazin and Bethsaida more severely than he punished the people of Tyre and Sidon. Some English versions do not translate this conjunction.

The reason why God would punish them is only implied here. The reason is that they did not repent when they saw the miracles that Jesus performed. In some languages it may be necessary to make this reason explicit at the end of 10:13a or at the beginning of 10:13c. For example:

because you refuse to repent/believe (TRT)

if the miracles that were performed in you: The verb that the BSB translates as were performed is a passive verb. The implied subject of this verb is Jesus. Some ways to translate this verb are:

As a passive verb. For example:
the miracles done in you (NJB)
As an active verb, with or without the implied subject. For example:
the miracles I did in you (NCV)
the miracles that took place in your towns (CEV)

Translate this in the way that is most natural in your language.

miracles: The Greek word that the BSB translates here as miracles is literally “powers.”The Greek word is dunamis. A miracle is an action that requires great power to accomplish. When a human being does a miracle, he must use greater power than human beings normally have. Jesus used God’s power to do miracles, and these miracles demonstrated that he came from God.

Some other ways to translate miracles are:

mighty works

amazing acts done with/by God’s power

wonderful actions that only God can do

in you: The phrase in you here means “in the towns of Chorazin and Bethsaida.” In your translation, if Jesus is addressing the people of these towns rather than the towns themselves, you may need to translate this as:

among you^(plur)

in your towns

if the miracles…had been performed in Tyre and Sidon: This clause implies that Jesus did not do miracles like these in Tyre and Sidon. In some languages it may again be necessary to make it explicit that Jesus was the subject:

if I had performed in Tyre and Sidon the miracles

Tyre and Sidon: Tyre and Sidon were Gentile cities on the Mediterranean coast north of Israel. These cities had rejected God long ago and were well-known for their wicked lives. See Isaiah chapter 23, Ezekiel chapters 26–28, and Amos 1:9–15. You may want to supply this background information in a footnote. It may also be appropriate to make some of this information explicit in the text. For example:

the Gentile cities of Tyre and Sidon

the wicked people of Tyre and Sidon

10:13d

they would have repented long ago,

they would have turned from their sins long ago.
those people in Tyre and Sidon would have quickly repented of their sins.

they would have repented long ago: If the people of Tyre and Sidon had seen the miracles of Jesus, they would have quickly repented of their sins. But Jesus did not do these miracles in Tyre and Sidon, so the people there did not repent.

repented: The Greek word that the BSB translates as repented means that a person “changed his mind, heart, or will.” In the Bible, it refers specifically to a person’s changing his mind and heart about sin and about God. When a person repents, he is sorry for his past sins. He decides to stop sinning and obey God.

Some ways to translate repented in this context are:

changed their thinking/minds/hearts

rejected their sins

In some languages, you may have an idiom for this type of change. For example:

turned from sin to God

left their sinning behind

The term “repentance” first occurs in Luke in 3:3c.

long ago: In this context the phrase long ago probably implies that if the people of Tyre and Sidon had seen Jesus’ miracles, they would not have waited a long time to repent. They would have repented quickly, without delay.

General Comment on 10:13c–d

These verse parts refer to something that could have happened but did not happen. They contain a condition (“if” clause) that was not fulfilled. In some languages it may be more natural to translate these verse parts as two sentences. For example:

^13cThe people of Tyre and Sidon never saw miracles like the ones I performed in your cities. If they had seen them, ^13dthey would have repented.

In some languages it may be more natural to reverse the order of 10:13c–d:

^13dThe people of Tyre and Sidon would have repented long ago ^13cif they had seen miracles like those that were performed in Bethsaida and Korazin.

10:13e

sitting in sackcloth and ashes.

They would have shown their sorrow/repentance by dressing in rough cloth made of animal hair and sitting in ashes.
They would have put on mourning clothes and sprinkled ashes on themselves to show that they were truly sorry that they had sinned.

sitting in sackcloth and ashes: The phrase sitting in sackcloth and ashes means “sat down in ashes while wearing sackcloth.” In Jesus’ time it was the custom for people to show that they were sad or sorry for their sins by wearing sackcloth that was rough and uncomfortable. They sprinkled ashes on their heads and shoulders and sat down among the ashes. If this is not the custom in your language area, or if it does not have the same meaning, it may be necessary to make this purpose explicit. For example:

they would have worn rough, uncomfortable clothes and sat in ashes to show how sorry they were for their sins

clothing themselves in burlap and throwing ashes on their heads to show their remorse (NLT)

The NLT and some other English versions do not make explicit that the people were “sitting.” The position of the people does not affect the meaning of this cultural gesture. You may omit this detail if it is awkward to specify it in your language.

sackcloth: The word sackcloth refers to rough cloth that was usually used to make sacks. The cloth was made from animal hair. People sewed it into shirts, but these shirts would have been uncomfortable to wear. Other ways to translate sackcloth are:

rough cloth (NCV)

coarse clothes made of animal hair

ashes: The word ashes refers to what is left after wood has been burned in a fire. People would normally throw these ashes onto the trash heap.

General Comment on 10:13d–e

The reason why the people put on sackcloth and ashes was to show that they had repented. In some languages it may be natural to reorder 10:13d–e so that the relation between them is clear. For example:

^13eThey would have worn rough cloth and put ashes on themselves ^13dto show they had changed. (NCV)

^13e…the people there would have long ago sat down, put on sackcloth, and sprinkled ashes on themselves, ^13dto show that they had turned from their sins! (GNT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / apostrophe

οὐαί σοι, Χοραζείν! οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδά!

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οὐαί σοί Χοραζίν Οὐαί σοί Βηθσαϊδά Ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καί Σιδῶνι ἐγενήθησαν αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν πάλαι ἄν ἐν σάκκῳ καί σποδῷ καθήμενοι μετενόησαν)

Jesus is speaking to two cities that he knows cannot hear him. He is doing this to show in a very strong way how he feels about those cities. He is actually speaking to the people who can hear him, the disciples whom he is sending out. If your readers might not understand this kind of figurative speech, you could translate Jesus’ words as if he were speaking directly to his disciples. Alternate translation: [Chorazin and Bethsaida are two of the cities whose people God will judge severely for rejecting my message]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

οὐαί σοι, Χοραζείν! οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδά!

See how you translated this phrase in [6:24](../06/24.md). Alternate translation: [how terrible it will be for you, Chorazin and Bethsaida!]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

οὐαί σοι, Χοραζείν! οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδά!

Jesus is using the names of these cities to refer to the people who live there. Alternate translation: [How terrible it will be for you people of Chorazin and Bethsaida!]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / you

οὐαί σοι, Χοραζείν! οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδά!

Jesus is addressing an individual city in each of these phrases, so you is singular in both cases. However, if you decide to translate this as “you people of Chorazin and Bethsaida,” then you would be plural.

Note 5 topic: translate-names

Χοραζείν & Βηθσαϊδά!

Chorazin and Bethsaida are the names of two cities.

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / hypo

ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἐγενήθησαν αἱ δυνάμεις, αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν, πάλαι ἂν & μετενόησαν

Jesus is describing a situation that might have happened in the past but actually did not. He is doing this to express disappointment and regret about what is happening in the present. Be sure to translate this in such a way that your readers will know that this event actually did not happen but they will understand why Jesus is imagining it. Alternate translation: [I can well imagine that if the people of Tyre and Sidon had witnessed the miracles that I performed for you, they would have repented a long time ago]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἐγενήθησαν αἱ δυνάμεις, αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν, πάλαι ἂν & μετενόησαν

Jesus assumes that these disciples will know that God destroyed the cities of Tyre and Sidon because the people in them were so wicked. So the implication is similar to the one about the people of Sodom. Alternate translation: [God destroyed the cities of Tyre and Sidon because they were so wicked. But even the people who lived in those cities would have repented if they had seen the miracles I did in Chorazin and Bethsaida. So the people of Chorazin and Bethsaida certainly should have repented as well]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι

Tyre (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οὐαί σοί Χοραζίν Οὐαί σοί Βηθσαϊδά Ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καί Σιδῶνι ἐγενήθησαν αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν πάλαι ἄν ἐν σάκκῳ καί σποδῷ καθήμενοι μετενόησαν)

Jesus uses the names of these cities to refer to the people who lived there. Alternate translation: [the people of Tyre and Sidon]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / youdual

ἐν ὑμῖν

in in you_all

Since Jesus is addressing two cities, you would be dual here if your language uses that form. Otherwise, it would be plural.

Note 10 topic: translate-symaction

ἂν ἐν σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ καθήμενοι μετενόησαν

Jesus is saying that the people of Tyre and Sidon would have performed these actions, which are signs of humility and sorrow, to show that they were very sorry for committing their sins. Alternate translation: [they would have shown how sorry they were for their sins … by sitting on the ground wearing rough clothes and putting ashes on their heads]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear LUKE 10:13

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 10:1–24: Jesus sent out seventy-two disciples

Paragraph 10:13–16

10:13a

10:13b

General Comment on 10:13a–b

10:13c

10:13d

General Comment on 10:13c–d

10:13e

General Comment on 10:13d–e

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)