REV 21:12 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἔχουσα
2. eχō
3. having
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·NFS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. Y96; R166189
11. 166219
1. ἔχουσαν
2. eχō
3. -
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·AFS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. -
11. 166220
1. ἔχοντι
2. eχō
3. -
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·DMS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. -
11. 166221
1. τέ
2. te
3. -
4. -
5. 50370
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 166222
1. τεῖχος
2. teiχos
3. +a wall
4. -
5. 50380
6. N····ANS
7. ˓a˒ wall
8. ˓a˒ wall
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166223
1. μέγα
2. megas
3. great
4. -
5. 31730
6. A····ANS
7. great
8. great
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166224
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166225
1. ὑψηλόν
2. hupsēlos
3. high
4. -
5. 53080
6. A····ANS
7. high
8. high
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166226
1. ἔχουσα
2. eχō
3. having
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·NFS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. Y96; R166189
11. 166227
1. ἔχουσαν
2. eχō
3. -
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·AFS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. -
11. 166228
1. ἔχοντας
2. eχō
3. -
4. -
5. 21920
6. VPPA·AMP
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. -
11. 166229
1. πυλῶνας
2. pulōn
3. gates
4. -
5. 44400
6. N····AMP
7. gates
8. gates
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166230
1. δώδεκα
2. dōdeka
3. twelve
4. -
5. 14270
6. E····AMP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166231
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166232
1. ἐπί
2. epi
3. at
4. -
5. 19090
6. P·······
7. at
8. at
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166233
1. τοῖς
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 166234
1. τούς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166235
1. πυλῶσιν
2. pulōn
3. -
4. -
5. 44400
6. N····DMP
7. gates
8. gates
9. -
10. -
11. 166236
1. πυλῶνας
2. pulōn
3. gates
4. -
5. 44400
6. N····AMP
7. gates
8. gates
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166237
1. ἀγγέλους
2. aŋgelos
3. messengers
4. messengers
5. 320
6. N····AMP
7. messengers
8. angels
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166238
1. δώδεκα
2. dōdeka
3. twelve
4. -
5. 14270
6. E····AMP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166239
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166240
1. ὀνόματα
2. onoma
3. names
4. names
5. 36860
6. N····ANP
7. names
8. names
9. -
10. Y96; F166245
11. 166241
1. αὐτῶν
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3GMP
7. ˱of˲ them
8. ˱of˲ them
9. -
10. -
11. 166242
1. γεγραμμένα
2. grafō
3. -
4. -
5. 11250
6. VPEP·ANP
7. ˓having_been˒ written
8. ˓having_been˒ written
9. -
10. -
11. 166243
1. ἐπιγεγραμμένα
2. epigrafō
3. having been inscribed
4. -
5. 19240
6. VPEP·ANP
7. ˓having_been˒ inscribed
8. ˓having_been˒ inscribed
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166244
1. ἅ
2. hos
3. which
4. that
5. 37390
6. R····NNP
7. which
8. which
9. -
10. Y96; R166241
11. 166245
1. ἐστίν
2. eimi
3. is
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIPA3··S
7. is
8. is
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166246
1. τά
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NNP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. -
11. 166247
1. ὀνόματα
2. onoma
3. -
4. -
5. 36860
6. N····NNP
7. names
8. names
9. -
10. -
11. 166248
1. τῶν
2. ho
3. of the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GFP
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166249
1. δώδεκα
2. dōdeka
3. twelve
4. -
5. 14270
6. E····GFP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166250
1. φυλῶν
2. fulē
3. tribes
4. tribes
5. 54430
6. N····GFP
7. tribes
8. tribes
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166251
1. τῶν
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMP
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. -
11. 166252
1. υἱῶν
2. huios
3. of +the sons
4. -
5. 52070
6. N····GMP
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ sons
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ sons
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166253
1. Ἰσραήλ
2. israēl
3. of Israaʸl/(Yisrāʼēl)
4. -
5. 24740
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Israaʸl/(Yisrā\sup ʼēl\sup*)
8. ˱of˲ Israel
9. U
10. Person=Israel; Y96
11. 166254

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 21:9–22:5: An angel showed the new Jerusalem to John

In this section, an angel showed the new Jerusalem to John. The angel again used a metaphor of a bride to describe new Jerusalem. The city was large and beautiful. God lived there with his people. His glory lighted the city. John described the city, the river that flowed through the city, and the tree that gave life. There were no bad things in the city at all.

Other examples for this section heading are:

The vision of the new Jerusalem

John saw/described the new Jerusalem as a bride for the Lamb

21:12a

The city had a great and high wall with twelve gates

It had a big, high wall with twelve gates/gateways, and
Around the city was a huge and tall wall with/having twelve gates/gateways.

21:12b

inscribed with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel,

there were names written on the gates/gateways, the names of the twelve clans of Israel.
The names of the twelve clans of Israel were on the gates/gateways, one name on each gate/gateway.

21:12a–b

The city had a great and high wall: This wall surrounded the city. In John’s time, a city wall helped protect the city from foreign armies. Here it is probably symbolic to indicate God’s protection for all who live in the city.

with twelve gates inscribed with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel: The Greek words are literally “and names having been written on/in, which are the names of the twelve tribes/clans of the sons of Israel.” One name was written on each gate. So in some languages it is more natural to indicate that each gate had one name. For example:

On each gate was written the name of one of the twelve tribes of Israel

with twelve gates: The names may have been written:

on the gates themselves,
on the stones of the arch that forms the gateway,
on the wall above the gateway.

Translate this phrase so that it allows one or more of the above meanings. For example:

upon the gates

over the gates (NJB)

over the twelve gateways (JBP)

twelve gates: The Greek word here probably refers to gateways (as in the JBP). The gates themselves are described in 21:21a.

inscribed with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel: The Greek words are literally “and names having been written, which are the names of the twelve tribes/clans of Israel.” This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active or intransitive clause. For example:

God had inscribed/written the names of the twelve tribes/clans of Israel on the gates

God had inscribed/written the name of one of the twelve tribes of Israel on each gate

and names were on the gates/gateways, the names of the twelve tribes/clans of Israel

The names of the twelve tribes/clans of Israel were on the gates/gateways

Your translation should indicate or imply that the names were written. Indicate or imply that people could see the names.

the twelve tribes of Israel: The founder of the Jewish people was Jacob. God gave him the name Israel. Israel had twelve sons. Each of these sons became the head of a family group. Each group used the name of the son who founded that group. Use the usual word for that kind of group. For example:

twelve clans of Israel

21:12c

and twelve angels at the gates.

and twelve angels were at these gates.
An angel stood by each gate/gateway.

twelve angels at the gates: One angel stood at each gate.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

ἔχουσα τεῖχος μέγα καὶ ὑψηλόν

having ˓a˒_wall great having (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἔχουσα τεῖχος μέγα καί ὑψηλόν ἔχουσα πυλῶνας δώδεκα καί ἐπί τούς πυλῶνας ἀγγέλους δώδεκα καί ὀνόματα ἐπιγεγραμμένα ἅ ἐστίν τῶν δώδεκα φυλῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ)

The terms great and high mean similar things. John is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: [The city had a very high wall]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

ὀνόματα ἐπιγεγραμμένα, ἅ ἐστιν τῶν δώδεκα φυλῶν

names ˓having_been˒_inscribed which (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἔχουσα τεῖχος μέγα καί ὑψηλόν ἔχουσα πυλῶνας δώδεκα καί ἐπί τούς πυλῶνας ἀγγέλους δώδεκα καί ὀνόματα ἐπιγεγραμμένα ἅ ἐστίν τῶν δώδεκα φυλῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ)

John is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [names having been written on the gates that are the names of the 12 tribes]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὀνόματα ἐπιγεγραμμένα

names ˓having_been˒_inscribed

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the context suggests that it was God. Alternate translation: [names that God had written]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ

˱of˲_˓the˒_sons ˱of˲_Israel

Here, sons figuratively means “descendants.” John is identifying the Israelites as descendants of their ancestor Israel (who was also known as Jacob). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [of the people of Israel]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. having
2. -
3. 21920
5. eχō
6. V-PPA·NFS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. Y96; R166189
11. 166219
1. +a wall
2. -
3. 50380
5. teiχos
6. N-····ANS
7. ˓a˒ wall
8. ˓a˒ wall
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166223
1. great
2. -
3. 31730
5. megas
6. A-····ANS
7. great
8. great
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166224
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166225
1. high
2. -
3. 53080
5. hupsēlos
6. A-····ANS
7. high
8. high
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166226
1. having
2. -
3. 21920
5. eχō
6. V-PPA·NFS
7. having
8. having
9. -
10. Y96; R166189
11. 166227
1. twelve
2. -
3. 14270
5. dōdeka
6. E-····AMP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166231
1. gates
2. -
3. 44400
5. pulōn
6. N-····AMP
7. gates
8. gates
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166230
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166232
1. at
2. -
3. 19090
5. epi
6. P-·······
7. at
8. at
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166233
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166235
1. gates
2. -
3. 44400
5. pulōn
6. N-····AMP
7. gates
8. gates
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166237
1. twelve
2. -
3. 14270
5. dōdeka
6. E-····AMP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166239
1. messengers
2. messengers
3. 320
5. aŋgelos
6. N-····AMP
7. messengers
8. angels
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166238
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166240
1. names
2. names
3. 36860
5. onoma
6. N-····ANP
7. names
8. names
9. -
10. Y96; F166245
11. 166241
1. having been inscribed
2. -
3. 19240
5. epigrafō
6. V-PEP·ANP
7. ˓having_been˒ inscribed
8. ˓having_been˒ inscribed
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166244
1. which
2. that
3. 37390
5. hos
6. R-····NNP
7. which
8. which
9. -
10. Y96; R166241
11. 166245
1. is
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IPA3··S
7. is
8. is
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166246
1. of the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GFP
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166249
1. twelve
2. -
3. 14270
5. dōdeka
6. E-····GFP
7. twelve
8. twelve
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166250
1. tribes
2. tribes
3. 54430
5. fulē
6. N-····GFP
7. tribes
8. tribes
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166251
1. of +the sons
2. -
3. 52070
5. huios
6. N-····GMP
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ sons
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ sons
9. -
10. Y96
11. 166253
1. of Israaʸl/(Yisrāʼēl)
2. -
3. 24740
4. U
5. israēl
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Israaʸl/(Yisrā\sup ʼēl\sup*)
8. ˱of˲ Israel
9. U
10. Person=Israel; Y96
11. 166254

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.