ROM 1:16 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. οὒ
2. ou
3. not
4. -
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105366
1. Γάρ
2. gar
3. For/Because
4. -
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for
8. for
9. PS
10. Y60
11. 105367
1. ἐπαισχύνομαι
2. epaisχunomai
3. I am being ashamed
4. ashamed
5. 18700
6. VIPM1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ being_ashamed
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ being_ashamed
9. -
10. Y60; R105120; Person=Paul
11. 105368
1. τό
2. ho
3. of the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····ANS
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105369
1. εὐαγγέλιον
2. euaŋgelion
3. good message
4. good message
5. 20980
6. N····ANS
7. good_message
8. gospel
9. -
10. Y60; F105392
11. 105370
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. -
11. 105371
1. Χριστοῦ
2. χristos
3. -
4. -
5. 55470
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ chosen_one/messiah
8. ˱of˲ Christ
9. WN
10. Person=Jesus
11. 105372
1. δύναμις
2. dunamis
3. +the power
4. power
5. 14110
6. N····NFS
7. ˓the˒ power
8. ˓the˒ power
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105373
1. γάρ
2. gar
3. because/for
4. because
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105374
1. Θεοῦ
2. theos
3. of god
4. -
5. 23160
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ god
8. ˱of˲ God
9. GN
10. Y60; Person=God
11. 105375
1. ἐστίν
2. eimi
3. it is
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱it˲ is
8. ˱it˲ is
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105376
1. εἰς
2. eis
3. to
4. -
5. 15190
6. P·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105377
1. σωτηρίαν
2. sōtēria
3. salvation
4. -
5. 49910
6. N····AFS
7. salvation
8. salvation
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105378
1. παντί
2. pas
3. to everyone
4. everyone
5. 39560
6. S····DMS
7. ˱to˲ everyone
8. ˱to˲ everyone
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105379
1. τῷ
2. ho
3. the one
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····DMS
7. the ‹one›
8. the ‹one›
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105380
1. πιστεύοντι
2. pisteuō
3. believing
4. believes
5. 41000
6. VPPA·DMS
7. believing
8. believing
9. -
10. Y60; R105382; R105386
11. 105381
1. Ἰουδαίῳ
2. ioudaios
3. to Youdaios
4. -
5. 24530
6. S····DMS
7. ˱to˲ Youdaios
8. ˱to˲ Jew
9. U
10. Y60; F105381
11. 105382
1. τέ
2. te
3. both
4. -
5. 50370
6. C·······
7. both
8. both
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105383
1. πρῶτον
2. prōton
3. first
4. first
5. 44120
6. D·······
7. first
8. first
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105384
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105385
1. Ἕλληνι
2. Hellēn
3. to Hellaʸn
4. -
5. 16720
6. N····DMS
7. ˱to˲ Hellaʸn
8. ˱to˲ Greek
9. U
10. Y60; F105381
11. 105386

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:8–17: Paul wanted to visit the believers at/in Rome

In this section, Paul thanked God that, in many places, people had heard about the faith of the believers in Rome. He also told them that he was asking God to make a way for him to go and visit them. He expected that he and they together would strengthen each other in their faith in Jesus Christ. He told them that he had been wanting to visit them for a long time and was eager to preach the gospel to the people there.

Then Paul wrote down the main things he wanted to talk about in the rest of the letter. He spoke of the gospel and who it is for.

Here are other possible headings for this section:

Paul wanted to visit Rome

Paul hoped to visit them

1:16a

I am not ashamed of the gospel,

¶ For I am not ashamed of the good news,
¶ For I am not ashamed of the good message of/about Jesus Christ.

In the Greek, 1:16a begins with a word that is often translated as “for.” This word introduces an explanation for why Paul said he was so eager to preach the gospel in Rome (1:15). In some languages, it may be more natural to omit this word and leave the connection with 1:15 implicit, as the BSB does.

I am not ashamed of the gospel: There is a textual issue in 1:16a: (1) Some Greek manuscripts have the word gospel (BSB, RSV, NIV, GNT, NJB, NASB, NABRE, GW, CEV, NET, REB, ESV, NCV). (2) Some Greek manuscripts have the words gospel of Christ (KJV, NLT). It is recommended that you follow option (1). The NLT probably adds “about Christ” to make it clear who the gospel is about, as it normally does not follow the Byzantine text like the KJV does. The people who added “of Christ” long ago probably did it to make it clear who the gospel was about. The gospel is about a poor Jewish itinerant preacher who was crucified on a Roman cross. Some Romans would be ashamed to follow such a leader. But Paul was not ashamed of him or the message he preached, the gospel.Some scholars and English versions see “not ashamed” as a figure of speech (litotes) meaning “proud.” But Cranfield (page 86) and Jewett (page 137) say it is not litotes here. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

I do not have shame about the gospel

I am not ashamed of the good news of/about Jesus

1:16b

because it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes,

because it is God’s power to save all people who believe in him/Jesus.
For the/that good message has God’s power so that he rescues everyone who believes it from the penalty of sin/wrongdoing.

because: Here this word introduces the reason for Paul saying that he was not ashamed of the gospel. Some languages have the word “therefore” and not the word because. If that is true in your language, reorder 1:16b–c and 1:16a. For example:

For ^16bthe gospel is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, ^16cto the Jew first and also to the Greek, and therefore ^16aI am not ashamed of it.

it is the power of God for salvation: Here the word it refers to the gospel. This clause indicates that the gospel is the power that God uses to save people. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

it is the power of God that brings salvation (NIV11)

it is God’s power to save (GNT)

salvation: This word refers to being rescued from something harmful or dangerous. In Scripture it generally refers to rescue from God’s anger at the final judgment. Here are other ways to translate this word:

to save (GNT)

their lives will be savedOtomi Back Translation on TW.

In some languages it is necessary to say what people are saved from. If that is true in your language, refer to destruction or punishment. For example:

to save/rescue people from destruction

to save/rescue people from the final judgment

which frees them from the great punishment of God

to everyone who believes: One day God will judge everyone in a final judgment. He will save all people who believe the gospel about Jesus.

believes: To “believe” in someone means to agree to what someone stands for, to trust him, to rely on him, to be committed to him. See how your translated the word “faith” in 1:5.

In some languages it is necessary to say what these people believe in. If that is true in your language, refer to Jesus or his gospel. For example:

believes it (JBP)

believes in Jesus

1:16c

first to the Jew, then to the Greek.

This Good News went first for the Jew, then for the Greek.
We Jews were the first to hear that message, and now you non-Jews also hear that message.

first to the Jew, then to the Greek: The word first indicates that God gave his message of salvation to the Jews first, then he gave it to the Greeks. It may also indicate that the Jews had higher status in God’s sight because he chose them to be his people. Here are other ways to translate these words:

first to the Jew, then to the Greek

Jews first, but Greeks as well (NJB)

It was made known first to the Jews, after that to the Gentiles.Kankanaey Back Translation on TW. Some languages can imply both first in time and first in status, as the Greek word does. But many languages must choose one meaning or the other. If that is true in your language, translate it as first in time.

the Jew…the Greek: The words Jew and Greek are singular, but they refer generally to any Jew or Greek. In some languages it is more natural to use plurals, as the NJB does above.

the Greek: The word Greek refers to all non-Jews here. Non-Jews generally did not like the term “Gentile,” because it implied that the Jews thought that they were better than the Gentiles. So Paul probably used the word Greek here to avoid bad feelings on the part of the non-Jews.

In some languages a literal translation would wrongly refer only to people from the country of Greece. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Translate literally and explain its meaning in a footnote. Here is an example footnote:
Here the word “Greek” refers to all non-Jews. It is a more polite word than “Gentiles.”
Use the word you normally use for “Gentile” here. You may then want to explain the situation in a footnote. Here is an example footnote:
Literally “Greek.” At that time, the word “Greek” was more polite than “Gentile” when speaking to non-Jews.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οὒ Γάρ ἐπαισχύνομαι τό εὐαγγέλιον δύναμις γάρ Θεοῦ ἐστίν εἰς σωτηρίαν παντί τῷ πιστεύοντι Ἰουδαίῳ τέ πρῶτον καί Ἕλληνι)

For indicates the reason why Paul is eager to proclaim the gospel in Rome. Use a natural way in your language for indicating a reason. Alternate translation: [I am eager to do this because]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / litotes

οὐ & ἐπαισχύνομαι

Here Paul uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning positively. Alternate translation: [I am proud]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

οὐ & ἐπαισχύνομαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον

Here, gospel refers specifically to the preaching of the gospel that was mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [I am not ashamed to preach the gospel]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

δύναμις γὰρ Θεοῦ ἐστιν εἰς σωτηρίαν

˓the˒_power (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οὒ Γάρ ἐπαισχύνομαι τό εὐαγγέλιον δύναμις γάρ Θεοῦ ἐστίν εἰς σωτηρίαν παντί τῷ πιστεύοντι Ἰουδαίῳ τέ πρῶτον καί Ἕλληνι)

Paul is using the possessive form to describe the gospel as the powerful way that God saves people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression Alternate translation: [for it is the powerful way that God saves]

Note 5 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

εἰς σωτηρίαν

to salvation

Here, for indicates that salvation is the result of the gospel. Use a natural way in your language to indicate result. Alternate translation: [that results in the salvation]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

εἰς σωτηρίαν παντὶ

to salvation (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οὒ Γάρ ἐπαισχύνομαι τό εὐαγγέλιον δύναμις γάρ Θεοῦ ἐστίν εἰς σωτηρίαν παντί τῷ πιστεύοντι Ἰουδαίῳ τέ πρῶτον καί Ἕλληνι)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of salvation, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [for saving everyone]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

παντὶ τῷ πιστεύοντι

Paul is leaving out some of the words that a clause would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [to everyone who believes that Jesus is the Messiah]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

Ἰουδαίῳ τε πρῶτον καὶ Ἕλληνι

˱to˲_Jew (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οὒ Γάρ ἐπαισχύνομαι τό εὐαγγέλιον δύναμις γάρ Θεοῦ ἐστίν εἰς σωτηρίαν παντί τῷ πιστεύοντι Ἰουδαίῳ τέ πρῶτον καί Ἕλληνι)

Paul is speaking of Jewish people and Greek people in general, not of one particular Jew or Greek. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: [both to the Jewish people first and to the Greek people]

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἰουδαίῳ τε πρῶτον

The phrase the Jew first means that the Jewish people were the first people to hear the gospel. Paul does not mean that the Jew is better or has a high status than the Greek. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [both to the Jews, who first heard the gospel,]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἕλληνι

˱to˲_Greek

Here, the Greek refers to non-Jewish people in general. It does not refer only to people from the country of Greece. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [to the non-Jew]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. For/Because
2. -
3. 10630
4. PS
5. gar
6. C-·······
7. for
8. for
9. PS
10. Y60
11. 105367
1. not
2. -
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105366
1. I am being ashamed
2. ashamed
3. 18700
5. epaisχunomai
6. V-IPM1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ being_ashamed
8. ˱I˲ ˓am˒ being_ashamed
9. -
10. Y60; R105120; Person=Paul
11. 105368
1. of the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····ANS
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105369
1. good message
2. good message
3. 20980
5. euaŋgelion
6. N-····ANS
7. good_message
8. gospel
9. -
10. Y60; F105392
11. 105370
1. because/for
2. because
3. 10630
5. gar
6. C-·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105374
1. +the power
2. power
3. 14110
5. dunamis
6. N-····NFS
7. ˓the˒ power
8. ˓the˒ power
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105373
1. of god
2. -
3. 23160
4. GN
5. theos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ god
8. ˱of˲ God
9. GN
10. Y60; Person=God
11. 105375
1. it is
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IPA3··S
7. ˱it˲ is
8. ˱it˲ is
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105376
1. to
2. -
3. 15190
5. eis
6. P-·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105377
1. salvation
2. -
3. 49910
5. sōtēria
6. N-····AFS
7. salvation
8. salvation
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105378
1. to everyone
2. everyone
3. 39560
5. pas
6. S-····DMS
7. ˱to˲ everyone
8. ˱to˲ everyone
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105379
1. the one
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····DMS
7. the ‹one›
8. the ‹one›
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105380
1. believing
2. believes
3. 41000
5. pisteuō
6. V-PPA·DMS
7. believing
8. believing
9. -
10. Y60; R105382; R105386
11. 105381
1. to Youdaios
2. -
3. 24530
4. U
5. ioudaios
6. S-····DMS
7. ˱to˲ Youdaios
8. ˱to˲ Jew
9. U
10. Y60; F105381
11. 105382
1. both
2. -
3. 50370
5. te
6. C-·······
7. both
8. both
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105383
1. first
2. first
3. 44120
5. prōton
6. D-·······
7. first
8. first
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105384
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y60
11. 105385
1. to Hellaʸn
2. -
3. 16720
4. U
5. Hellēn
6. N-····DMS
7. ˱to˲ Hellaʸn
8. ˱to˲ Greek
9. U
10. Y60; F105381
11. 105386

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear ROM 1:16

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 1:8–17: Paul wanted to visit the believers at/in Rome

1:16a

1:16b

1:16c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)