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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD 1 YHN 2 YHN 3 YHN REV
Rom C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16
Rom 1 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27 V28 V29 V31 V32
OET (OET-LV) slanderers, god-hating, abusers, proud, braggers, inventors of_evil, to_parents unpersuadable,
OET (OET-RV) slanderers, god-haters, abusers, proud, braggers, inventors of evil, unable to be persuaded by their parents,
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
θεοστυγεῖς, ὑβριστάς, ὑπερηφάνους, ἀλαζόνας & ἀπειθεῖς
God-hating abusers proud braggers & unpersuadable
Paul is using these adjectives as nouns in order to describe a group of people. If your language does not use adjectives in the same way, you could translate this with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: [people who hate God, people who are insolent, people who are arrogant, people who are boastful … people who are disobedient]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
καταλάλους & ἐφευρετὰς κακῶν
slanderers & inventors ˱of˲_evil
If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of slanderers and inventors, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: [people who speak against others … people who invent ways to do evil things]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / possession
ἐφευρετὰς κακῶν
inventors ˱of˲_evil
Paul is using the possessive form to describe inventors who invent evil things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: [inventing evil things]
1:29-31 This list of sins follows a popular Hellenistic literary form called a vice list. While not exhaustive, it reminds readers of various forms that evil might take.
OET (OET-LV) slanderers, god-hating, abusers, proud, braggers, inventors of_evil, to_parents unpersuadable,
OET (OET-RV) slanderers, god-haters, abusers, proud, braggers, inventors of evil, unable to be persuaded by their parents,
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.