OET interlinear ROM 9:22

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

εἰ

if

Here Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context, especially the idea in 9:20 that no one can speak against God. Alternate translation: “what can you say against God if”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

εἰ

if

Here, what if indicates the beginning of one long rhetorical question that extends from 9:22 to 9:24. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “you cannot possibly say anything against God if”

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-condition-fact

εἰ

if

Here, if indicates the beginning of a conditional sentence that extends from 9:22 to 9:24. Paul is speaking as if this were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it is actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might misunderstand and think that what Paul is saying is not certain, then you can translate his words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “you cannot possibly say anything against God since”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

θέλων & ἐνδείξασθαι τὴν ὀργὴν, καὶ γνωρίσαι τὸ δυνατὸν αὐτοῦ, ἤνεγκεν ἐν πολλῇ μακροθυμίᾳ, σκεύη ὀργῆς κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν

wanting & /to/_display his wrath and /to/_make_known the powerful ˱of˲_him bore in much patience /the/_vessels ˱of˲_wrath /having_been/_prepared for destruction

If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, willing to demonstrate his wrath and to make his power known”

Note 5 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

θέλων & ἐνδείξασθαι τὴν ὀργὴν

wanting & /to/_display his wrath

This clause could indicate: (1) the reason why God endured vessels of wrath. Alternate translation: “as a result of being willing to demonstrate his wrath” (2) a contrast between God being willing to demonstrate his wrath and enduring vessels of wrath. Alternate translation: “even though he was willing to demonstrate his wrath”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τὴν ὀργὴν, καὶ γνωρίσαι τὸ δυνατὸν αὐτοῦ, ἤνεγκεν ἐν πολλῇ μακροθυμίᾳ, σκεύη ὀργῆς κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν

his wrath and /to/_make_known the powerful ˱of˲_him bore in much patience /the/_vessels ˱of˲_wrath /having_been/_prepared for destruction

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of wrath, power, patience, and destruction, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “how wrathful he is and to make known how powerful he is, being very patient, endured vessels for being wrathful against that were prepared for being destroyed”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

γνωρίσαι τὸ δυνατὸν αὐτοῦ

/to/_make_known the powerful ˱of˲_him

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to make people know his power”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

σκεύη ὀργῆς

/the/_vessels ˱of˲_wrath

Paul refers to people as if they were vessels. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people of wrath”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

σκεύη ὀργῆς

/the/_vessels ˱of˲_wrath

Paul is using the possessive form to describe vessels that deserve wrath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “vessels that deserve wrath” or “people who deserve wrath”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / distinguish

κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν

/having_been/_prepared for destruction

This phrase gives further information about the vessels of wrath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “who are the ones prepared for destruction”

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν

/having_been/_prepared for destruction

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The one who does the action could be: (1) God, who is the main subject of this verse. Alternate translation: “God prepared for destruction” (2) the people themselves. Alternate translation: “who prepared themselves for destruction”

Note 12 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν

/having_been/_prepared for destruction

The word for indicates that what follows this word connects to what came before it. Here, for indicates the purpose for which the vessels of wrath were prepared. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “prepared for purpose of being destroyed”

Note 13 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

εἰς ἀπώλειαν

for destruction

Here, destruction refers to experiencing punishment forever in hell. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “for experiencing eternal destruction”