OET interlinear ROM 9:29

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

καὶ καθὼς προείρηκεν Ἠσαΐας

and as /has/_previously_said Isaiah

This phrase indicates that what follows in this verse and the next verse is a quotation from an Old Testament book (Isaiah 1:9). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that indicates that Paul is quoting from an important text. Alternate translation: [And just as Isaiah has said beforehand in the Scriptures]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / quotemarks

εἰ μὴ Κύριος Σαβαὼθ ἐνκατέλιπεν ἡμῖν σπέρμα, ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν, καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν

except ¬not/lest /the/_Lord ˱of˲_Sabaoth (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ καθὼς προείρηκεν Ἠσαΐας εἰ μὴ Κύριος Σαβαὼθ ἐγκατέλιπεν ἡμῖν σπέρμα ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν)

This sentence is a quotation from Isaiah 1:9. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by setting off all of this material with quotation marks or with whatever punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

ἡμῖν & ἂν ἐγενήθημεν & ὡμοιώθημεν

˱to˲_us & would ˱we˲_/were/_become & ˱we˲_/were/_likened

In this verse us and we refer to Isaiah and those to whom he spoke, so us and we would be exclusive. Your language may require you to mark this form.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

σπέρμα

descendants

Here, seed is singular but refers to a group of people. See how you translated seed in 4:13.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν, καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν

like Sodom would ˱we˲_/were/_become and like Gomorrah would ˱we˲_/were/_likened

Paul’s readers would have known that Sodom and Gomorrah were cities that God completely destroyed because the people who lived in them were very wicked (Genesis 19). If your readers might not be familiar with this story, you could state this explicitly or indicate this in a note. Alternate translation: [we would have been destroyed like the people of Sodom, and we would have been destroyed like the people of Sodom]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν, καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν

like Sodom would ˱we˲_/were/_become and like Gomorrah would ˱we˲_/were/_likened

These two phrases mean the same thing. Isaiah says the same thing twice, in slightly different ways, to emphasize that Israel could have been completely destroyed by God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: [we would have become just like Sodom and Gomorrah]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν

like like Gomorrah would ˱we˲_/were/_likened

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God would have made us like Gomorrah]