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In this section, a Pharisee invited Jesus to his house for a meal. The Pharisee was surprised that Jesus did not ritually wash his hands before he ate. Jesus then criticized the Pharisees because they carefully observed outward rituals but neglected true devotion to God. He specifically warned the Pharisees about three ways in which they displeased God. He then directed three additional warnings to the teachers of the law.
Some other headings for this section are:
Jesus’ Criticism of the Religious Leaders
There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 23:1–36 and Mark 12:38–40.
You fools!
You(plur) foolish people! (NIV)
You(plur) ignorant/senseless people!
You fools!: The Greek word that the BSB translates literally as fools describes people who do not think clearly or rightly. It implies that they deliberately refuse to understand what is right. Another way to translate this word is:
You people who have no minds/thoughts/sense!
Did not the One who made the outside make the inside as well?
Did God make only the outside of a person? Didn’t he also make the inside?
If God made our(incl) bodies, he certainly made our inner beings as well. Isn’t that true?
Everyone knows that God, who made man’s body, also made his soul/mind/heart. It is important for the inside to be clean, not only the outside.
Did not the One who made the outside make the inside as well?: This is a rhetorical question. Its function is to emphasize that God, who made the outside of people, also certainly made the inside.
Some ways to translate this emphasis are:
As a rhetorical question. For example:
Didn’t God make the inside as well as the outside? (NLT)
The one who made the outside also made the inside. Isn’t that right?
As a statement. In this case, you should add a word or phrase to show the emphasis. For example:
You know that the one who made the outside made the inside also.
The same one who made what is outside also made what is inside. (NCV)
Translate this emphasis in a way that is most natural in your language.
the One: The phrase the One refers to God. For example:
Didn’t God make both the outside and the inside? (CEV)
who made the outside make the inside: Jesus was referring to the outside and the inside of a person. By the outside he meant the whole physical body. By the inside he meant the part of a person that cannot be seen: the mind, affections, and will. God was also concerned that the inside of a person should be clean.
Some other ways to translate this are:
he who made man’s body also made his heart/spirit/soul
God who created what is seen on the outside also created what is not seen on the inside.
Jesus implied here that it is important for a person’s inner being (soul/mind/heart) to be clean/holy. It is foolish to clean only the outside. So the Pharisees should have been concerned about holiness, not just physical cleanliness. In some languages, it may be necessary to make this explicit in the text or in a footnote. For example:
so it is necessary that your inside/heart be clean, just like the outside of your body
It is important that your heart be clean, not only your hands
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
ἄφρονες
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἄφρονες Οὐχ ὁ ποιήσας τό ἔξωθεν καί τό ἔσωθεν ἐποίησεν)
Jesus is using an adjective as a noun. ULT adds the term ones to show this. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate the term with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [You foolish people]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion
οὐχ ὁ ποιήσας τὸ ἔξωθεν, καὶ τὸ ἔσωθεν ἐποίησεν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἄφρονες Οὐχ ὁ ποιήσας τό ἔξωθεν καί τό ἔσωθεν ἐποίησεν)
Jesus is using the question form to challenge and correct the Pharisees. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or exclamation. Alternate translation: [The one who made the outside also made the inside!]
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.
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