ROM 15:12 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. Also
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y60
11. 112023
1. πάλιν
2. palin
3. furthermore
4. -
5. 38250
6. D·······
7. furthermore
8. furthermore
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112024
1. Ἠσαΐας
2. ēsaias
3. Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊyāh)
4. -
5. 22680
6. N····NMS
7. Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊ\sup yāh\sup*)
8. Isaiah
9. U
10. Person=Isaiah; Y60
11. 112025
1. λέγει
2. legō
3. is saying
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˓is˒ saying
8. ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112026
1. Ἠσαΐας
2. ēsaias
3. -
4. -
5. 22680
6. N····NMS
7. Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊ\sup yāh\sup*)
8. Isaiah
9. U
10. Person=Isaiah
11. 112027
1. Ἔσται
2. eimi
3. There will be
4. ‘There
5. 15100
6. VIFM3··S
7. ˱there˲ will_be
8. ˱there˲ will_be
9. B
10. Y60
11. 112028
1. ἡ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112029
1. ῥίζα
2. rhiza
3. root
4. -
5. 44910
6. N····NFS
7. root
8. root
9. -
10. Y60; F112035; F112036; F112040
11. 112030
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112031
1. Ἰεσσαί
2. iessai
3. of Yessai/(Yishay)
4. -
5. 24210
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yessai/(Yishay)
8. ˱of˲ Jesse
9. U
10. Person=Jesse; Y60
11. 112032
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. and
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112033
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the one
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····NMS
7. the ‹one›
8. the ‹one›
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112034
1. ἀνιστάμενος
2. anistēmi
3. rising up
4. -
5. 4500
6. VPPM·NMS
7. rising_up
8. rising_up
9. -
10. Y60; R112030
11. 112035
1. ἄρχειν
2. arχō
3. to be ruling
4. -
5. 7570
6. VNPA····
7. ˓to_be˒ ruling
8. ˓to_be˒ ruling
9. -
10. Y60; R112030
11. 112036
1. ἄρχει
2. arχō
3. -
4. -
5. 7570
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˓is˒ ruling
8. ˓is˒ ruling
9. -
10. -
11. 112037
1. ἐθνῶν
2. ethnos
3. over +the pagans
4. -
5. 14840
6. N····GNP
7. ˱over˲ ˓the˒ pagans
8. ˱over˲ ˓the˒ pagans
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112038
1. ἐπʼ
2. epi
3. in
4. -
5. 19090
6. P·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112039
1. αὐτῷ
2. autos
3. him
4. him
5. 8460
6. R···3DMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y60; R112030
11. 112040
1. ἔθνη
2. ethnos
3. +the pagans
4. -
5. 14840
6. N····NNP
7. ˓the˒ pagans
8. ˓the˒ pagans
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112041
1. ἐλπιοῦσιν
2. elpizō
3. will be hoping
4. -
5. 16790
6. VIFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ hoping
8. ˓will_be˒ hoping
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112042

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 15:1–13: Believers should help one another

In this section, Paul said that believers who are strong, as he defined “strong” in 14:1–9, should help believers who are weak (also as in 14:1–9). The strong are to encourage the weak, with the result that all may have hope in God.

Paul prayed that God would help the believers, strong and weak, to live in unity and glorify God.

Paul urged the believers to always welcome one another, because doing that glorifies God. Jesus served the Jews to show that God’s word was true and confirm his promises, which in turn encourages the non-Jews to glorify God for his mercy to them.

Then Paul prayed that God would fill them with joy and peace in their faith, with the result that the Holy Spirit would fill them with hope.

Here are other possible headings for this section:

Carry weak believers, encourage them and accept them

Help believers who are not strong

15:12a

And once more, Isaiah says: “The Root of Jesse will appear,

And also in the Scriptures Isaiah said, “The shoot of Jesse will arise,
Also, in another place in God’s Book Isaiah said, “The special/foretold descendant of Jesse will arrive/appear.

This quote is from Isaiah 11:10. If you indicate the location of quotes from the Old Testament with cross-references, you may want to do so here.

And once more, Isaiah says: This refers to what Isaiah wrote in Scripture. If you added the implied information about the quotes in 15:9–11 being from Scripture, you may want to include it here too. For example:

And also in the Scriptures Isaiah said

(alt:) the shoot of Jesse: There are two ways to interpret the Greek word that is translated as shoot:

It refers to a shoot from the root and it is a figure of speech for a descendant. For example:
descendant (GNT) (GNT, REB, NLT)
It refers to a root. (BSB, RSV, NIV, NJB, ESV, NABRE, NASB, KJV, GW, NET)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), because the BDAG supports it. Either way this phrase is a title for the Messiah/Christ.

Jesse: Jesse was King David’s father. The phrase “the shoot of Jesse” is used in the book of Isaiah as a reference to the Messiah. If readers of your translation will not be familiar with who Jesse is or this title for the Messiah, you may want to explain it in a footnote. Here are some example footnotes:

Jesse was King David’s father.

The words “the shoot of Jesse” are a title for the Messiah. Jesse was King David’s father.

will appear: The Greek word is more literally “will be.” It indicates that, in the future to when this was first said, the shoot of Jesse will exist. In English “there is” is the most natural translation. For example:

There will be the shoot of Jesse

But in many languages following this English translation would not indicate the correct meaning. A verb other than “be” may be needed. For example:

will arrive

will come (ESV)

In some languages continuing the figurative language from “the shoot of Jesse” would be more natural. For example:

The shoot of Jesse will arise

15:12b

One who will arise to rule over the Gentiles;

indeed, he will stand and begin to rule the Gentiles.
Hey/Look, he will go and start ruling the non-Jews.

One who will arise to rule over the Gentiles: The Greek of 15:12b begins with a word that is often translated “and” or “also.” Here the word introduces something more about the shoot of Jesse. It emphasizes the words that follow and says they are as important or possibly more important than what was just said. For example:

indeed, one who will arise to rule

One who will arise to rule: The Greek is present tense here, but this event occurs at the same time as the future event of “there will be the shoot of Jesse” (15:12a). You should probably use the same tense here as you did in the clause about the shoot of Jesse.

will arise to rule: The words will arise refers to standing up from sitting or lying down. Here it is a figure of speech that means “comes to do” something. The purpose of this man arising is to rule. Here are other ways to translate this word:

appears and begins to rule

takes on the work of ruling

15:12c

in Him the Gentiles will put their hope.”

In him Gentiles will hope.”
Non-Jews will confidently expect that he will do as he has promised.”

in Him the Gentiles will put their hope: The phrase in Him is emphasized by being first in the clause. In some languages the phrase must be in its normal place. For example:

the Gentiles will put their hope in him

Some of these languages can emphasize this phrase in another way. For example:

the Gentiles will put their hope in him indeed

the Gentiles will put their hope, hey, in him

in Him…hope: These Gentiles will believe in God and his Messiah, and so they will have hope that he will fulfill his other promises in Scripture.

Some languages must say what is hoped for, more than just hoping in Him. If that is true in your language, refer to fulfillment of God’s promises that are not yet fulfilled. For example:

hope in his promises

hope that he will fulfill his promises

This is a quote from what is now called the Old Testament. You should not refer to anything that is specifically Christian or from the New Testament.

the Gentiles: Here this refers to Gentiles as a kind of person. It does not imply all Gentiles. In English omitting the word the refers to the kind of person called Gentiles but does not imply all of them. For example:

Gentiles

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

καὶ πάλιν Ἠσαΐας λέγει

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί πάλιν Ἠσαΐας λέγει Ἔσται ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί καί ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν)

This phrase indicates that what follows is a quotation of something Isaiah said in an Old Testament book ([Isaiah 11:10](../isa/11/10.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that indicates that Paul is quoting from an important text. Alternate translation: [And also in the Scriptures, Isaiah says]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

Ἠσαΐας λέγει

Isaiah ˓is˒_saying

Here Paul uses the present tense verb says to refer to something that happened in the past. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: [Isaiah said]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί & ὁ ἀνιστάμενος & αὐτῷ

the root ¬the ˱of˲_Jesse & the_‹one› rising_up & him

These three expressions all refer to the same person, the Messiah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [The descendant of Jesse, the Messiah … Messiah is the one who rises … the Messiah]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί

the root ¬the ˱of˲_Jesse

Paul quotes Isaiah referring to a descendant of Jesse as if that person were a root or shoot that had grown out of a plant. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [The descendant of Jesse]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ὁ ἀνιστάμενος

the_‹one› rising_up

Paul quotes Isaiah using rising to refer to someone becoming a king. If it would be helpful in your language, you can use a comparable idiom or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: [the one who becomes king]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. Also
3. 25320
4. S
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y60
11. 112023
1. furthermore
2. -
3. 38250
5. palin
6. D-·······
7. furthermore
8. furthermore
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112024
1. Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊyāh)
2. -
3. 22680
4. U
5. ēsaias
6. N-····NMS
7. Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊ\sup yāh\sup*)
8. Isaiah
9. U
10. Person=Isaiah; Y60
11. 112025
1. is saying
2. -
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IPA3··S
7. ˓is˒ saying
8. ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112026
1. There will be
2. ‘There
3. 15100
4. B
5. eimi
6. V-IFM3··S
7. ˱there˲ will_be
8. ˱there˲ will_be
9. B
10. Y60
11. 112028
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112029
1. root
2. -
3. 44910
5. rhiza
6. N-····NFS
7. root
8. root
9. -
10. Y60; F112035; F112036; F112040
11. 112030
1. of
2. -
3. 24210
4. U
5. iessai
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yessai/(Yishay)
8. ˱of˲ Jesse
9. U
10. Person=Jesse; Y60
11. 112032
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112031
1. Yessai/(Yishay)
2. -
3. 24210
4. U
5. iessai
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yessai/(Yishay)
8. ˱of˲ Jesse
9. U
10. Person=Jesse; Y60
11. 112032
1. and
2. and
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112033
1. the one
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····NMS
7. the ‹one›
8. the ‹one›
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112034
1. rising up
2. -
3. 4500
5. anistēmi
6. V-PPM·NMS
7. rising_up
8. rising_up
9. -
10. Y60; R112030
11. 112035
1. to be ruling
2. -
3. 7570
5. arχō
6. V-NPA····
7. ˓to_be˒ ruling
8. ˓to_be˒ ruling
9. -
10. Y60; R112030
11. 112036
1. over +the pagans
2. -
3. 14840
5. ethnos
6. N-····GNP
7. ˱over˲ ˓the˒ pagans
8. ˱over˲ ˓the˒ pagans
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112038
1. in
2. -
3. 19090
5. epi
6. P-·······
7. in
8. in
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112039
1. him
2. him
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3DMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y60; R112030
11. 112040
1. +the pagans
2. -
3. 14840
5. ethnos
6. N-····NNP
7. ˓the˒ pagans
8. ˓the˒ pagans
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112041
1. will be hoping
2. -
3. 16790
5. elpizō
6. V-IFA3··P
7. ˓will_be˒ hoping
8. ˓will_be˒ hoping
9. -
10. Y60
11. 112042

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear ROM 15:12

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 15:1–13: Believers should help one another

15:12a

15:12b

15:12c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)