YHN 20:13 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 80441
1. λέγουσιν
2. legō
3. are saying
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIPA3··P
7. ˓are˒ saying
8. ˓are˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80442
1. αὐτῇ
2. autos
3. to her
4. to her
5. 8460
6. R···3DFS
7. ˱to˲ her
8. ˱to˲ her
9. -
10. Y33; R80399
11. 80443
1. ἐκεῖνοι
2. ekeinos
3. those
4. -
5. 15650
6. R····NMP
7. those
8. those
9. -
10. Y33; R80421
11. 80444
1. Γύναι
2. gunē
3. Woman
4. “Woman
5. 11350
6. N····VFS
7. woman
8. woman
9. D
10. Y33; F80447
11. 80445
1. τί
2. ti
3. why
4. why
5. 50845
6. D·······
7. why
8. why
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80446
1. κλαίεις
2. klaiō
3. are you weeping
4. are you
5. 27990
6. VIPA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ weeping
8. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ weeping
9. -
10. Y33; R80445
11. 80447
1. τίνα
2. tis
3. -
4. -
5. 51010
6. R····AMS
7. who
8. who
9. -
10. -
11. 80448
1. ζητεῖς
2. zēteō
3. -
4. -
5. 22120
6. VIPA2··S
7. ˓are˒ seeking
8. ˓are˒ seeking
9. -
10. -
11. 80449
1. καί
2. kai
3. -
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 80450
1. Λέγει
2. legō
3. She is saying
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱she˲ ˓is˒ saying
8. ˱she˲ ˓is˒ saying
9. S
10. Y33
11. 80451
1. αὐτοῖς
2. autos
3. to them
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3DMP
7. ˱to˲ them
8. ˱to˲ them
9. -
10. Y33; R80421
11. 80452
1. Ὅτι
2. hoti
3. Because
4. “Because
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. because
8. because
9. D
10. Y33
11. 80453
1. ἦραν
2. airō
3. they took away
4. taken away
5. 1420
6. VIAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ took_away
8. ˱they˲ took_away
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80454
1. τόν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80455
1. Κύριον
2. kurios
3. master
4. master
5. 29620
6. N····AMS
7. master
8. Lord
9. GN
10. Y33
11. 80456
1. μού
2. egō
3. of me
4. my
5. 14730
6. R···1G·S
7. ˱of˲ me
8. ˱of˲ me
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80457
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. “and
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80458
1. οὐκ
2. ou
3. not
4. don't
5. 37560
6. D·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80459
1. οἶδα
2. eidō
3. I have known
4. know
5. 14920
6. VIEA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ known
8. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ known
9. -
10. Y33; R80399; F80466
11. 80460
1. ποῦ
2. pou
3. where
4. where
5. 42260
6. D·······
7. where
8. where
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80461
1. ἔθηκαν
2. tithēmi
3. they laid
4. -
5. 50870
6. VIAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ laid
8. ˱they˲ laid
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80462
1. τέθεικαν
2. tithēmi
3. -
4. -
5. 50870
6. VIEA3··P
7. ˓have˒ laid
8. ˓have˒ laid
9. -
10. -
11. 80463
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. him
4. him
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80464

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 20:11–18: Jesus appeared to Mary Magdalene

This section tells how Mary Magdalene remained at the tomb after the two disciples left. She was crying and saw two angels inside the tomb. They asked her why she was crying and she said that someone had taken Jesus’ body. Then she turned around and saw Jesus, but she did not recognize him until he said her name. He told her not to hold him, but to go tell his disciples what she had seen, which she did.

Here are other possible section headings:

Mary Magdalene saw Jesus at the tomb

Jesus’ first resurrection appearance

Mary from Magdala was the first to see Jesus

Paragraph 20:11–13

Mary apparently followed the two disciples to the tomb and was crying there. When she looked into the tomb, she saw two angels who asked her why she was crying. She told them it was because someone had removed Jesus’ body and she did not know where it was.

20:13a

“Woman, why are you weeping?” they asked.

They said to her, “Ma’am, why do you^(sing) weep?”
They asked her, “What is the reason that you^(fem.sing.) are crying?”

Woman: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Woman is a polite way to address a woman. See how you translated this word in 2:4, 4:21, and 19:26. Use a term of address that is polite and natural in your language. For example:

Dear woman (NLT)

Miss/Ma’am

If there is no suitable polite term of address for a woman, it may be natural to just leave it out. It may be best to avoid words such as “sister,” because the speakers were angels, not humans. Consider if there is a polite term of address that a non-human might use to address a human woman.For example, the non-human species in C. S. Lewis’ Narnia stories use the phrase “Daughter of Eve.” The phrase “Daughter of Adam” might work in some languages. Or you may want to leave out the term of address. For example:

Why are you crying? (CEV)

Another way to avoid using a term of address is to use an indirect quotation. For example:

The angels asked her why she was crying. (GW)

why are you weeping?: The angels asked Mary to tell them the reason why she was crying. They knew why Mary was crying and that she did not need to cry (because Jesus was alive). They knew why the tomb was empty. Translate this question in a kind, natural way to ask why someone is doing something that is not necessary. For example:

Tell us why you are weeping.

What is the reason for your tears?

you: This pronoun is feminine singular and refers to Mary.

they asked: The pronoun they refers to the two angels. Because the angels appeared to people in the form of human men, you should probably use a masculine plural (or dual) pronoun. Because what the angels said was a question, you may want to indicate that here. And it may be more natural to identify one or both pronouns. For example:

they asked her (GNT)

The angels asked Mary (CEV)

The angels asked her (GW)

20:13b

“Because they have taken my Lord away,” she said,

She answered them, “They removed my Lord’s body
Mary answered, “They moved the body of my Lord.

Because they have taken my Lord away: This clause is Mary’s answer to the angel’s question. It gives the reason why Mary was weeping.There is a Greek word here that can introduce a quote or can mean “because.” Here it could do either, though most important English translations and many commentaries understand it to introduce the quote. Even so, the word “because” is implied because the quote is the answer to a “Why?” question. Translate this clause in a way that is natural for an answer to a question that asks why. See how you translated the similar clause “They have taken the Lord out of the tomb” in 20:2. For example:

Because they have taken away my Lord (NLT)

I am crying because they took away my Lord.

they: This pronoun is indefinite. Mary did not know who did this. It is more natural in some languages to use an indefinite pronoun or a passive sentence. For example:

someone has taken my Lord away

my Lord has been taken away

have taken my Lord away: Mary meant that someone must have removed Jesus’ body and taken it somewhere else. Mary did not think that Jesus was living. Use an expression that is natural for lifting up and moving a dead body. For example:

have taken away my Lord’s body (CEV)

have removed the body of my Lord

my Lord: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Lord means “master” or “one who has authority over others.” People used this word as a polite title when they spoke to an elder or someone in authority. Mary indicated that Jesus was in authority over her in some way. The Jews also used this same title to refer to God.

See how you translated the word Lord in 20:2. It is good to use the same word here. However, here Mary says my Lord rather than “the Lord.” For example:

my Master

the one I obey/serve

she said: The BSB has this quote introducer after the quotation. The Greek has placed the quote introducer before the quotation, as is sometimes more natural in English. Place this quote introducer where it is most natural in your language.

20:13c

“and I do not know where they have put Him.”

and I do not know where they took it.”
I do not know where they put it.”

and: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as and here introduces another part of the reason why Mary was crying. In some languages it may be natural to leave this conjunction untranslated and to begin a new sentence. For example:

They have taken away my Lord’s body! I don’t know where they have put him (CEV)

I do not know where they have put Him: Mary did not understand that Jesus had risen. See how you translated the similar clause in 20:2. However, there Mary used the plural pronoun “we” rather than the singular pronoun I as she does here. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

I do not know where they have taken his body to.

where they have put Him: The pronoun they is indefinite. Mary did not have any particular person in mind. She thought that someone took his body, but did not know who. In some languages it may be more natural to translate this idea using a passive verb. For example:

where he has been put

where his body has been laid

Him: This pronoun refers to Jesus’ body. See how you translated “my Lord” in 20:13a and use the pronoun that is natural in this context. For example:

Because they removed the body/corpse of my Lord and I do not know where they put it.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

λέγουσιν & λέγει

˓are˒_saying & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί λέγουσιν αὐτῇ ἐκεῖνοι Γύναι τί κλαίεις Λέγει αὐτοῖς Ὅτι ἦραν τόν Κύριον μού καί οὐκ οἶδα ποῦ ἔθηκαν αὐτόν)

Here John uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story.

γύναι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί λέγουσιν αὐτῇ ἐκεῖνοι Γύναι τί κλαίεις Λέγει αὐτοῖς Ὅτι ἦραν τόν Κύριον μού καί οὐκ οἶδα ποῦ ἔθηκαν αὐτόν)

See how you translated the similar use of Woman in [2:4](../02/04.md) and [4:21](../04/21.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

τὸν Κύριόν μου & αὐτόν

Mary speaks of Jesus’ dead body as if it were Jesus himself. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: [my Lord’s body … it]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. -
3. 25320
4. S
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 80441
1. those
2. -
3. 15650
5. ekeinos
6. R-····NMP
7. those
8. those
9. -
10. Y33; R80421
11. 80444
1. are saying
2. -
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IPA3··P
7. ˓are˒ saying
8. ˓are˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80442
1. to her
2. to her
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3DFS
7. ˱to˲ her
8. ˱to˲ her
9. -
10. Y33; R80399
11. 80443
1. Woman
2. “Woman
3. 11350
4. D
5. gunē
6. N-····VFS
7. woman
8. woman
9. D
10. Y33; F80447
11. 80445
1. why
2. why
3. 50845
5. ti
6. D-·······
7. why
8. why
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80446
1. are you weeping
2. are you
3. 27990
5. klaiō
6. V-IPA2··S
7. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ weeping
8. ˱you˲ ˓are˒ weeping
9. -
10. Y33; R80445
11. 80447
1. She is saying
2. -
3. 30040
4. S
5. legō
6. V-IPA3··S
7. ˱she˲ ˓is˒ saying
8. ˱she˲ ˓is˒ saying
9. S
10. Y33
11. 80451
1. to them
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3DMP
7. ˱to˲ them
8. ˱to˲ them
9. -
10. Y33; R80421
11. 80452
1. Because
2. “Because
3. 37540
4. D
5. hoti
6. C-·······
7. because
8. because
9. D
10. Y33
11. 80453
1. they took away
2. taken away
3. 1420
5. airō
6. V-IAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ took_away
8. ˱they˲ took_away
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80454
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80455
1. master
2. master
3. 29620
4. GN
5. kurios
6. N-····AMS
7. master
8. Lord
9. GN
10. Y33
11. 80456
1. of me
2. my
3. 14730
5. egō
6. R-···1G·S
7. ˱of˲ me
8. ˱of˲ me
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80457
1. and
2. “and
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80458
1. I have
2. know
3. 14920
5. eidō
6. V-IEA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ known
8. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ known
9. -
10. Y33; R80399; F80466
11. 80460
1. not
2. don't
3. 37560
5. ou
6. D-·······
7. not
8. not
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80459
1. known
2. know
3. 14920
5. eidō
6. V-IEA1··S
7. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ known
8. ˱I˲ ˓have˒ known
9. -
10. Y33; R80399; F80466
11. 80460
1. where
2. where
3. 42260
5. pou
6. D-·······
7. where
8. where
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80461
1. they laid
2. -
3. 50870
5. tithēmi
6. V-IAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ laid
8. ˱they˲ laid
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80462
1. him
2. him
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80464

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.