YHN 20:9 Interlinear View

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. οὐδέπω
2. oudepō
3. not yet
4. -
5. 37640
6. D·······
7. not_yet
8. not_yet
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80379
1. γάρ
2. gar
3. for/because
4. -
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for/because
8. for
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80380
1. ᾔδεισαν
2. eidō
3. they had known
4. they
5. 14920
6. VILA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓had˒ known
8. ˱they˲ ˓had˒ known
9. -
10. Y33; R80368; R80328; Person=Simon
11. 80381
1. ᾔδει
2. eidō
3. -
4. -
5. 14920
6. VILA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓had˒ known
8. ˱he˲ ˓had˒ known
9. -
10. -
11. 80382
1. τήν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80383
1. Γραφήν
2. grafē
3. scripture
4. scripture
5. 11240
6. N····AFS
7. scripture
8. Scripture
9. W
10. Y33
11. 80384
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. that
4. -
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80385
1. δεῖ
2. dei
3. it is fitting
4. -
5. 12100
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓is˒ fitting
8. ˱it˲ ˓is˒ fitting
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80386
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. him
4. him
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80387
1. ἐκ
2. ek
3. from
4. -
5. 15370
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80388
1. νεκρῶν
2. nekros
3. +the dead
4. -
5. 34980
6. S····GMP
7. ˓the˒ dead
8. ˓the˒ dead
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80389
1. ἀναστῆναι
2. anistēmi
3. to rise up
4. -
5. 4500
6. VNAA····
7. ˓to˒ rise_up
8. ˓to˒ rise_up
9. -
10. Y33
11. 80390

OET (OET-RV) (At that time they weren’t yet aware of the scripture about him coming back to life.)

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 20:1–10: Jesus’ body was not in the tomb

This section tells how Mary Magdalene went to Jesus’ tomb on Sunday morning and found that it was empty. So she went and told Peter and another disciple and they went to the tomb with Mary. They also saw that the body of Jesus was not there. All that they found were the cloths that had been around Jesus’ body. When the second disciple, probably John, saw, he believed.

Here are other possible section headings:

The resurrection of Jesus

Three of Jesus’ followers went to the tomb but it was empty

The empty tomb

Paragraph 20:6–10

Peter reached the tomb and went inside. John followed him. They saw how the grave cloths that had been wrapped around Jesus’ body were lying abandoned in the tomb. Then the other disciple believed (probably that Jesus had risen from the dead) and both went home.

20:9a–b

For they still did not understand from the Scripture that Jesus had to rise from the dead: The two disciples did not understand that their scriptures, our Old Testament, taught that the Messiah would rise from the dead. This is a parenthetical statement. It is not part of the main story but a comment by the author. Some English translations therefore place this sentence in parentheses. For example:

(They still did not understand from Scripture that Jesus had to rise from the dead.) (NIV)

20:9a

For they still did not understand from the Scripture

(Because they still did not realize that God’s Word said
(The two men/disciples did not yet understand that God’s book said

For: The Greek word that the BSB translates as For here means “because” and introduces a parenthetical statement. In some languages it may be natural to leave it untranslated, as the NIV has done. Introduce the following parenthetical information in a way that is natural in your language. For example:

because

they still did not understand from the Scripture: This parenthetical statement explains why the disciple only believed after he saw the empty tomb and the grave cloths. It was because the disciples did not realize that their scriptures said that the Messiah must rise from the dead. At that time they did not know that this was what the Scriptures meant. They knew what the Scriptures said, but they did not understand its full meaning.

they still did not understand: There are two ways to interpret the expression that the BSB translates as they still did not understand:

It means that the disciples still did not understand. They did not understand until some future time. For example:
At that time Peter and the other disciple did not know (CEV)
They still did not understand the scripture (GNT) (BSB, NIV, NRSV. CEV, GW, NCV, KJV, NASB, NET, GNT)
It means that the disciples did not understand until this point. At this time they began to understand. For example:
for until then they still hadn’t understood (NLT) (NLT, REB, NJB)

If you must choose between the interpretations, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). It is followed by most important English translations and also has the support of commentaries.See Carson page 639: “Neither Peter nor the beloved disciple at this point understood from Scripture that Jesus had to rise from the dead. By the time John wrote that was no longer the case: the church had worked out a detailed understanding of the Old Testament….” In some languages it may be natural to translate it as a positive statement. For example:

for only later did they understand the scripture

they: This pronoun here refers to two men, Peter and John. In some languages it may be natural to make this explicit. For example:

Peter and the other disciple (CEV)

still: The word still means “up to that time.” It implies that later the situation changed and the disciples did understand.

did not understand: The Greek word that the BSB translates as understand is more literally “know.” Here in this context it refers to knowing the meaning of something. The disciples knew what the Scriptures said, but they did not realize that it was speaking about Jesus’ resurrection.

the Scripture: This phrase here probably refers to the Jewish word of God as a whole, which is our Old Testament. The author may have been thinking of passages such as Isaiah 53:10–11, Psalm 16:9–11, and Hosea 6:2. See how you translated this word in 2:22 and 10:35. Here are some ways to translate this word:

what is written in God’s Word

what God’s book says

what the prophets wrote long ago

20:9b

that Jesus had to rise from the dead.

that Jesus must rise from the dead.)
that the Christ/Messiah needed to live again after death.)

that Jesus had to rise from the dead: This clause indicates what the disciples did not understand from scripture. They did not understand that it was necessary for Jesus to rise from the dead. It was necessary because God had decided and declared that it would happen. It was God’s will and purpose. See how you translated the similar idea, that Jesus must die on the cross, in 3:14. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

when it said that Jesus had to come back to life (GW)

which showed that he must rise from the dead (REB)

that he was certainly/surely going to live again

rise from the dead: This phrase means “become alive again after dying.” See how you translated this phrase in 2:22, Mark 9:9, and Luke 2:46. For example:

rise from death (GNT)

rise to life (CEV)

return to life

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-background

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οὐδέπω γάρ ᾔδεισαν τήν Γραφήν ὅτι δεῖ αὐτόν ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῆναι)

For here indicates that this verse provides background information about the kind of belief that was mentioned in the previous clause. For here does not indicate a reason or cause. At that time, the disciples believed Jesus had risen from the dead only because the tomb was empty. They still did not understand that the scriptures said Jesus would rise from the dead. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information. Alternate translation: [But even then]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῆναι

from ˓the˒_dead ˓to˒_rise_up

Here, rise from the dead is an idiom that refers to a dead person becoming alive again. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [become alive after he died]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

20:3-10 The other disciple was probably John, “the disciple Jesus loved” and author of this Gospel (see 13:23). He and Peter validated Mary’s testimony by examining the tomb for themselves. John arrived first, but Peter entered first.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.