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OET interlinear JOS 2:11

◄ ← JOS 2:11 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,נִּשְׁמַע
    2. 144051,144052
    3. And we heard
    4. heard
    5. 8085
    6. SV-C,Vqw1cp
    7. and,we_heard
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99653
    1. וַ,יִּמַּס
    2. 144053,144054
    3. and it melted
    4. -
    5. 4549
    6. SV-C,VNw3ms
    7. and,it_melted
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99654
    1. לְבָבֵ,נוּ
    2. 144055,144056
    3. heart of our
    4. our
    5. 3824
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp1cp
    7. heart_of,our
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99655
    1. וְ,לֹא
    2. 144057,144058
    3. and not
    4. -
    5. 3808
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and=not
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99656
    2. 144059
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 99657
    1. קָמָה
    2. 144060
    3. it arose
    4. -
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    7. it_arose
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99658
    1. עוֹד
    2. 144061
    3. again
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. S-D
    7. again
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99659
    1. רוּחַ
    2. 144062
    3. spirit
    4. -
    5. 7307
    6. S-Ncbsa
    7. spirit
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99660
    1. בְּ,אִישׁ
    2. 144063,144064
    3. in anyone
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    7. in,anyone
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99661
    1. מִ,פְּנֵי,כֶם
    2. 144065,144066,144067
    3. because of you(pl)
    4. you because
    5. 6440
    6. S-R,Ncbpc,Sp2mp
    7. because,of,you(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99662
    1. כִּי
    2. 144068
    3. if/because
    4. -
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99663
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 144069
    3. YHWH
    4. Yahweh
    5. 3068
    6. S-Np
    7. Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99664
    1. אֱלֹהֵי,כֶם
    2. 144070,144071
    3. god of your(pl)
    4. your God
    5. 430
    6. S-Ncmpc,Sp2mp
    7. God_of,your(pl)
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99665
    1. הוּא
    2. 144072
    3. he
    4. -
    5. 1931
    6. S-Pp3ms
    7. he
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99666
    1. אֱלֹהִים
    2. 144073
    3. +is god
    4. -
    5. 430
    6. P-Ncmpa
    7. [is]_God
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99667
    1. בַּ,שָּׁמַיִם
    2. 144074,144075
    3. in heavens
    4. heavens
    5. 8064
    6. S-Rd,Ncmpa
    7. in,heavens
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99668
    1. מִ,מַּעַל
    2. 144076,144077
    3. (from) above
    4. above
    5. 4605
    6. S-R,D
    7. (from),above
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99669
    1. וְ,עַל
    2. 144078,144079
    3. and on
    4. -
    6. S-C,R
    7. and,on
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99670
    2. 144080
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 99671
    1. הָ,אָרֶץ
    2. 144081,144082
    3. the earth/land
    4. earth
    5. 776
    6. S-Td,Ncbsa
    7. the=earth/land
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99672
    1. מִ,תָּחַת
    2. 144083,144084
    3. (from) beneath
    4. below
    5. 8478
    6. S-R,R
    7. (from),beneath
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99673
    2. 144085
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 99674

OET (OET-LV) And_we_heard heart_of_our and_it_melted and_not it_arose again spirit in_anyone because_of_you(pl) if/because YHWH god_of_your(pl) he is_god in_heavens (from)_above and_on the_earth/land (from)_beneath.

OET (OET-RV) Yes, we’ve heard the reports and we trembled and lost our courage to fight you all because your god Yahweh, he’s God over the heavens above and the earth below.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–24 Joshua sent men to explore Jericho secretly

Joshua sent two men to look at Jericho, a town in the land of Canaan. A woman of Jericho called Rahab hid the two men so that the king’s soldiers could not find them. She did this because she believed that Yahweh would help the Israelites conquer their land. The men promised Rahab that if she did not betray them, they would rescue her and her family when the Israelites conquered the town. Rahab helped the men escape from Jericho and they hid in the hills for three days. When the soldiers of Jericho stopped looking for them, they returned to Joshua.

Here are some other possible section headings:

The spies went to Jericho

The spies and Rahab

Rahab helped the spies

Paragraph 2:8–11

Rahab told the spies that the news about the Israelites had made her people afraid. She believed that the God of Israel would help the Israelites to conquer the land.

2:11a

When we heard this,

When we heard this: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates When we heard this is more literally “and we heard.”

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

When we heard that news

We heard about that

2:11b

our hearts melted

our hearts melted: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as melted is a different verb from the one used in verse 2:9d. It can also be translated “dissolve.” This is a Hebrew idiom. It means that they were very afraid.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Our hearts shook with fear

We were very afraid

2:11c

and everyone’s courage failed because of you,

and everyone’s courage failed: The Hebrew clause that the BSB translates as everyone’s courage failed is more literally “there no longer arose breath in a man.” It is a Hebrew idiom. It means that they were very afraid of the Israelites.

In some languages it is not possible to use two phrases with such similar meanings. If this is true in your language, you could combine 2:11b-c and say, “we were very afraid.”

because of you: The phrase because of you indicates the reason for the fear. The people of Canaan were very afraid of the Israelites.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

There was no spirit left in us on account of what we had heard about you.

Everyone’s courage disappeared because of what you had done.

2:11d

for the LORD your God is God in the heavens above and on the earth below.

for: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as for introduces the reason why the Canaanites were frightened. They were frightened because of Yahweh.

the LORD your God: The Hebrew uses the name of God, Yahweh. The phrase your God indicates that he was the God of the Israelites.

is God in the heavens above and on the earth below: The Hebrew sentence is more literally “for Yahweh your God, he is God in the heavens above and on the earth beneath.” The pronoun “he” emphasizes that it is Yahweh alone who is God over both heaven and earth. Use a natural way to show this emphasis.

in the heavens above: In some languages it will not be natural to say both in the heavens and above. If this is so in your language, you can say “in heaven.”

on the earth below: If it is not natural to translate both on the earth and below, you can translate this as “on earth.”

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

because it is Yahweh your God who is God and rules over heaven and the earth

Yahweh your God is the only God. He rules over heaven above and over the earth below

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ

and,it_melted heart_of,our

Since Rahab is referring to a group of people, it might be more natural in your language to use the plural form of heart. Alternate translation: [and our hearts have melted]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ

and,it_melted heart_of,our

See how you translated the similar expression in [2:9](../02/09.md). (Your language may use a different part of the body than the heart to represent a person’s thoughts and emotions. If so, you can use that in your translation.) Alternate translation: [and in our hearts, we have become very afraid]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם

and=not remained again/more courage in,anyone because,of,you(pl)

See how you translated the similar expression in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: [and the spirit in a man is no longer able to resist you]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם

and=not remained again/more courage in,anyone because,of,you(pl)

Rahab is using one part of a person, his spirit, to mean all of him in the act of resisting or not. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and no man is able to resist you any longer]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ

in,anyone

Although the term man is masculine, Rahab is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: [in a person]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם

because,of,you(pl)

Rahab is using one part of the Israelites, their faces, to represent all of them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. See the Introduction to Judges for a discussion of the phrase from your faces in this passage. Alternate translation: [because of you]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

בַּ⁠שָּׁמַ֣יִם מִ⁠מַּ֔עַל וְ⁠עַל־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ מִ⁠תָּֽחַת

in,heavens (from),above and,on the=earth/land (from),beneath

Rahab is using the two major components of creation to mean all of creation itself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [over all of creation]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And we heard
    2. heard
    3. 1987,7841
    5. 144051,144052
    6. SV-C,Vqw1cp
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99653
    1. heart of our
    2. our
    3. 3748,1978
    5. 144055,144056
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp1cp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99655
    1. and it melted
    2. -
    3. 1987,4713
    5. 144053,144054
    6. SV-C,VNw3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99654
    1. and not
    2. -
    3. 1987,3835
    5. 144057,144058
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99656
    1. it arose
    2. -
    3. 7037
    5. 144060
    6. V-Vqp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99658
    1. again
    2. -
    3. 6104
    5. 144061
    6. S-D
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99659
    1. spirit
    2. -
    3. 7390
    5. 144062
    6. S-Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99660
    1. in anyone
    2. -
    3. 846,266
    5. 144063,144064
    6. S-R,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99661
    1. because of you(pl)
    2. you because
    3. 4129,6376,1978
    5. 144065,144066,144067
    6. S-R,Ncbpc,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99662
    1. if/because
    2. -
    3. 3482
    5. 144068
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99663
    1. YHWH
    2. Yahweh
    3. 3354
    5. 144069
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99664
    1. god of your(pl)
    2. your God
    3. 38,1978
    5. 144070,144071
    6. S-Ncmpc,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99665
    1. he
    2. -
    3. 1978
    5. 144072
    6. S-Pp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99666
    1. +is god
    2. -
    3. 38
    5. 144073
    6. P-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99667
    1. in heavens
    2. heavens
    3. 846,7839
    5. 144074,144075
    6. S-Rd,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99668
    1. (from) above
    2. above
    3. 4129,4553
    5. 144076,144077
    6. S-R,D
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99669
    1. and on
    2. -
    3. 1987,5837
    5. 144078,144079
    6. S-C,R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99670
    1. the earth/land
    2. earth
    3. 1893,422
    5. 144081,144082
    6. S-Td,Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99672
    1. (from) beneath
    2. below
    3. 4129,8310
    5. 144083,144084
    6. S-R,R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TCrossing_the_Jordan_into_Canaan
    10. 99673

OET (OET-LV) And_we_heard heart_of_our and_it_melted and_not it_arose again spirit in_anyone because_of_you(pl) if/because YHWH god_of_your(pl) he is_god in_heavens (from)_above and_on the_earth/land (from)_beneath.

OET (OET-RV) Yes, we’ve heard the reports and we trembled and lost our courage to fight you all because your god Yahweh, he’s God over the heavens above and the earth below.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 2:11 ↑ → ► ║ ©