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OET interlinear JOS 9:14

◄ ← JOS 9:14 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יִּקְחוּ
    2. 149426,149427
    3. And they took
    4. but
    5. 3947
    6. SV-C,Vqw3mp
    7. and=they_took
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103321
    1. הָ,אֲנָשִׁים
    2. 149428,149429
    3. the men
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the,men
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103322
    1. מִ,צֵּידָ,ם
    2. 149430,149431,149432
    3. some of their sustenance
    4. their provisions
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3mp
    7. some,of,their_sustenance
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103323
    1. וְ,אֶת
    2. 149433,149434
    3. and DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. SO-C,To
    7. and=\untr DOM\untr*
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103324
    2. 149435
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103325
    1. פִּי
    2. 149436
    3. the mouth of
    4. -
    5. 6310
    6. O-Ncmsc
    7. the_mouth_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103326
    1. יְהוָה
    2. 149437
    3. YHWH
    4. Yahweh
    5. 3068
    6. O-Np
    7. of_Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103327
    1. לֹא
    2. 149438
    3. not
    4. didn't
    5. 3808
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103328
    1. שָׁאָלוּ
    2. 149439
    3. they asked
    4. -
    5. 7592
    6. V-Vqp3cp
    7. they_asked
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103329
    2. 149440
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103330

OET (OET-LV) And_they_took the_men some_of_their_sustenance and_DOM the_mouth_of YHWH not they_asked.

OET (OET-RV) The Israeli leaders tasted some of their provisions, but they didn’t ask Yahweh for advice.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 9:1–27 The Gibeonites deceived the Israelites

The Gibeonite people lived near Ai. When they heard that Joshua had defeated Ai, they were afraid that he would conquer and kill them too. So, they sent messengers who pretended they had come from a long distance away. They deceived the Israelites and made a treaty of friendship with them.

Later, the Israelites learned that the Gibeonites lied to them, and that they lived quite close to them. They could not kill them because of the treaty, so they made them be water carriers and woodcutters for the Israelites.

Here are some other possible section headings:

The people of Gibeon

The Gibeon people tricked the Israelites and made a treaty with them

9:14a

Then the men of Israel sampled their provisions,

Then the men of Israel sampled their provisions: The word men refers to the Israelite leaders. The term their provisions refers to the food that the Gibeonites brought with them.

sampled their provisions: There are three ways to interpret the meaning of the Hebrew clause that the BSB translates as sampled their provisions.

  1. The Hebrew clause means that the Israelite leaders examined the food and accepted it as evidence that the Gibeonites had traveled from a distant place. For example:

    the Israelites examined their food (NLT) (NLT, NET, GW, NJPS)

  2. The Hebrew clause means that the Israelite leaders ate some of the food. For example:

    the men of Israel sampled their provisions (NIV) (BSB, NIV, RSV, GNT, CEV, NABRE, KJV)

  3. The Hebrew clause means that the Israelite leaders ate some of the food as part of a covenant ceremony. Some commentaries follow this interpretation, including the UBS Handbook, but no English version follows this interpretation.

It is recommended that you follow option (1). This seems most likely in the context. The Gibeonites provided evidence, and the Israelites examined the evidence and believed it.

Here is another way to translate this phrase:

the men believed the evidence they were shown (GW)

sampled: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as sampled is more literally “took.”

9:14b

but did not seek the counsel of the LORD.

but did not seek the counsel of the LORD: The clause did not seek the counsel of the LORD means that the Israelite leaders did not ask Yahweh to show them what to do. They decided what to do without listening to Yahweh.

This is an important point in the story. In the Hebrew text it is emphasized by a change of word order. Look for a natural way to emphasize it in your language. It might be clearer in some languages to translate this as an independent sentence with the subject made explicit: For example:

But the Israelite leaders did not ask Yahweh what they should do.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וַ⁠יִּקְח֥וּ הָֽ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֖ים מִ⁠צֵּידָ֑⁠ם

and=they_took the,men some,of,their_sustenance

This could mean: (1) that the Israelite leaders tasted the provisions of the Gibeonites to see whether they were old. Alternate translation: [And the Israelite leaders tasted their provisions] (2) that they took some of these provisions out of the Gibeonites’ baggage to examine them. Alternate translation: [And the Israelite leaders examined their provisions]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה

counsel_of YHWH

The author is using Yahweh’s mouth to represent Yahweh himself in the act of guiding or giving counsel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [Yahweh to guide them] or [Yahweh to counsel them]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

9:14 Israel’s leaders examined the bread to verify the Gibeonites’ story, but Joshua neglected to consult the Lord. This same oversight had cost lives at Ai, whereas the victories at Jericho and Ai had both been won when Israel followed God’s instructions precisely.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And they took
    2. but
    3. 1987,3828
    5. 149426,149427
    6. SV-C,Vqw3mp
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103321
    1. the men
    2. -
    3. 1893,266
    5. 149428,149429
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103322
    1. some of their sustenance
    2. their provisions
    3. 4129,6608,1978
    5. 149430,149431,149432
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103323
    1. and DOM
    2. -
    3. 1987,347
    5. 149433,149434
    6. SO-C,To
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103324
    1. the mouth of
    2. -
    3. 6255
    5. 149436
    6. O-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103326
    1. YHWH
    2. Yahweh
    3. 3354
    5. 149437
    6. O-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103327
    1. not
    2. didn't
    3. 3835
    5. 149438
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103328
    1. they asked
    2. -
    3. 7755
    5. 149439
    6. V-Vqp3cp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103329

OET (OET-LV) And_they_took the_men some_of_their_sustenance and_DOM the_mouth_of YHWH not they_asked.

OET (OET-RV) The Israeli leaders tasted some of their provisions, but they didn’t ask Yahweh for advice.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 9:14 ↑ → ► ║ ©