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OET interlinear JOS 9:18

◄ ← JOS 9:18 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וְ,לֹא
    2. 149519,149520
    3. And not
    4. But didn't
    5. 3808
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and=not
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103381
    1. הִכּוּ,ם
    2. 149521,149522
    3. they attacked them
    4. ≈attack
    5. 5221
    6. VO-Vhp3cp,Sp3mp
    7. they,attacked_them
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103382
    1. בְּנֵי
    2. 149523
    3. the people of
    4. -
    6. S-Ncmpc
    7. the_people_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103383
    1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
    2. 149524
    3. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    4. Yisrael Israelis
    5. 3478
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Israel
    8. -
    9. Person=Israel; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103384
    1. כִּי
    2. 149525
    3. if/because
    4. because
    6. S-C
    7. if/because
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103385
    2. 149526
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103386
    1. נִשְׁבְּעוּ
    2. 149527
    3. they had sworn an oath
    4. -
    5. 7650
    6. V-VNp3cp
    7. they_had_sworn_an_oath
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103387
    1. לָ,הֶם
    2. 149528,149529
    3. to/for them
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    7. to/for=them
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103388
    1. נְשִׂיאֵי
    2. 149530
    3. the leaders of
    4. -
    6. S-Ncmpc
    7. the_leaders_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103389
    1. הָ,עֵדָה
    2. 149531,149532
    3. the congregation
    4. -
    5. 5712
    6. S-Td,Ncfsa
    7. of,the_congregation
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103390
    1. בַּֽ,יהוָה
    2. 149533,149534
    3. by YHWH
    4. Yahweh
    5. 3068
    6. S-R,Np
    7. by,Yahweh
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103391
    1. אֱלֹהֵי
    2. 149535
    3. the god of
    4. god
    5. 430
    6. S-Ncmpc
    7. the_God_of
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103392
    1. יִשְׂרָאֵל
    2. 149536
    3. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    4. ≈All
    5. 3478
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Israel
    8. -
    9. Person=Israel; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103393
    1. וַ,יִּלֹּנוּ
    2. 149537,149538
    3. and they grumbled
    4. grumbled
    6. SV-C,VNw3mp
    7. and,they_grumbled
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103394
    1. כָל
    2. 149539
    3. all of
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. all_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103395
    2. 149540
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103396
    1. הָ,עֵדָה
    2. 149541,149542
    3. the congregation
    4. -
    5. 5712
    6. S-Td,Ncfsa
    7. the,congregation
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103397
    1. עַל
    2. 149543
    3. on
    4. -
    6. S-R
    7. on
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103398
    2. 149544
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103399
    1. הַ,נְּשִׂיאִים
    2. 149545,149546
    3. the leaders
    4. -
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the,leaders
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103400
    2. 149547
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103401

OET (OET-LV) And_not they_attacked_them the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) if/because they_had_sworn_an_oath to/for_them the_leaders_of the_congregation by_YHWH the_god_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_ all_of _they_grumbled the_congregation on the_leaders.

OET (OET-RV) But they didn’t attack those cities because their leaders had made a promise by the god of Yisrael, Yahweh.
¶ All the Israelis grumbled against their leaders for making that treaty,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 9:1–27 The Gibeonites deceived the Israelites

The Gibeonite people lived near Ai. When they heard that Joshua had defeated Ai, they were afraid that he would conquer and kill them too. So, they sent messengers who pretended they had come from a long distance away. They deceived the Israelites and made a treaty of friendship with them.

Later, the Israelites learned that the Gibeonites lied to them, and that they lived quite close to them. They could not kill them because of the treaty, so they made them be water carriers and woodcutters for the Israelites.

Here are some other possible section headings:

The people of Gibeon

The Gibeon people tricked the Israelites and made a treaty with them

9:18a

But the Israelites did not attack them,

But: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as But indicates contrast. Contrary to what one would expect, the Israelites did not attack these enemies.

the Israelites did not attack them: The term the Israelites refers to the people of Israel who went to visit the Gibeonites.

attack: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as attack can be translated in two different ways.

  1. It is translated “did not attack them.” For example:

    the people of Israel did not attack them (ESV) (BSB, ESV, NIV, NRSV, NASB, NCV, NET, NJB, NAB, NJPS, NLT, REB, CEV, KJV)

  2. It is translated “did not kill them.” For example:

    the Israelites could not kill them (GNT) (GNT, RSV, GW)

It is recommended that you follow option (1). This is the more accurate way to translate the Hebrew word. However, option (2) is may be used if you consider this to be implied information. If the Israelites “attacked” the Gibeonites, then they would probably kill them.

9:18b

because the leaders of the congregation had sworn an oath to them by the LORD, the God of Israel.

because the leaders of the congregation: The word congregation refers to a meeting of free Israelite men who were eligible for military service. You should translate this the same way you did in 9:15.

had sworn an oath to them by the LORD, the God of Israel: The clause sworn an oath to them by the LORD, the God of Israel indicates that the leaders made a promise to the Gibeonites in the name of Yahweh. The full name of God is used to emphasize the solemnity of this vow.

9:18c

And the whole congregation grumbled against the leaders.

And the whole congregation: The phrase the whole congregation refers to all the members of the assembly of Israelite men. It is the same group of people as in 9:18b.

grumbled against the leaders: The clause grumbled against the leaders indicates that the Israelite men were not satisfied with the leaders’ decision and complained about it. They wanted to attack the Gibeonites, as is made clear in 9:26.9:18 Howard, p. 229.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

the whole community criticized the leaders (NET)

the whole assembly grumbled against the leaders (NIV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

וְ⁠לֹ֤א הִכּוּ⁠ם֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּֽי־נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ לָ⁠הֶם֙ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י הָֽ⁠עֵדָ֔ה בַּֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל

and=not they,attacked_them sons_of Yisrael that/for/because/then/when sworn to/for=them leaders_of of,the_congregation by,Yahweh god_of Yisrael

If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: [And because the leaders of the congregation had sworn to them by Yahweh the God of Israel, the sons of Israel did not strike them]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And not
    2. But didn't
    3. 1987,3835
    5. 149519,149520
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103381
    1. they attacked them
    2. ≈attack
    3. 5176,1978
    5. 149521,149522
    6. VO-Vhp3cp,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103382
    1. the people of
    2. -
    3. 1043
    5. 149523
    6. S-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103383
    1. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    2. Yisrael Israelis
    3. 3077
    5. 149524
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Israel; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103384
    1. if/because
    2. because
    3. 3482
    5. 149525
    6. S-C
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103385
    1. they had sworn an oath
    2. -
    3. 7767
    5. 149527
    6. V-VNp3cp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103387
    1. to/for them
    2. -
    3. 3705,1978
    5. 149528,149529
    6. S-R,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103388
    1. the leaders of
    2. -
    3. 5226
    5. 149530
    6. S-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103389
    1. the congregation
    2. -
    3. 1893,5699
    5. 149531,149532
    6. S-Td,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103390
    1. by YHWH
    2. Yahweh
    3. 846,3354
    5. 149533,149534
    6. S-R,Np
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103391
    1. the god of
    2. god
    3. 38
    5. 149535
    6. S-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103392
    1. Yisrāʼēl/(Israel)
    2. ≈All
    3. 3077
    5. 149536
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Israel; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103393
    1. and
    2. grumbled
    3. 1987,3858
    5. 149537,149538
    6. SV-C,VNw3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103394
    1. all of
    2. -
    3. 3671
    5. 149539
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103395
    1. they grumbled
    2. grumbled
    3. 1987,3858
    5. 149537,149538
    6. SV-C,VNw3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103394
    1. the congregation
    2. -
    3. 1893,5699
    5. 149541,149542
    6. S-Td,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103397
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 5837
    5. 149543
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103398
    1. the leaders
    2. -
    3. 1893,5226
    5. 149545,149546
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103400

OET (OET-LV) And_not they_attacked_them the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) if/because they_had_sworn_an_oath to/for_them the_leaders_of the_congregation by_YHWH the_god_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_ all_of _they_grumbled the_congregation on the_leaders.

OET (OET-RV) But they didn’t attack those cities because their leaders had made a promise by the god of Yisrael, Yahweh.
¶ All the Israelis grumbled against their leaders for making that treaty,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 9:18 ↑ → ► ║ ©