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OET interlinear JOS 9:23

◄ ← JOS 9:23 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וְ,עַתָּה
    2. 149660,149661
    3. And now
    4. -
    5. 6258
    6. S-C,D
    7. and=now
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103477
    1. אֲרוּרִים
    2. 149662
    3. +are cursed
    4. cursed
    5. 779
    6. V-Vqsmpa
    7. [are]_cursed
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103478
    1. אַתֶּם
    2. 149663
    3. you(pl)
    4. -
    6. S-Pp2mp
    7. you(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103479
    1. וְ,לֹא
    2. 149664,149665
    3. and not
    4. -
    5. 3808
    6. S-C,Tn
    7. and=not
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103480
    2. 149666
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103481
    1. יִכָּרֵת
    2. 149667
    3. he will be cut off
    4. -
    5. 3772
    6. V-VNi3ms
    7. he_will_be_cut_off
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103482
    1. מִ,כֶּם
    2. 149668,149669
    3. from you(pl)
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp2mp
    7. from,you(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103483
    1. עֶבֶד
    2. 149670
    3. a slave
    4. slaves
    5. 5650
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. a_slave
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103484
    1. וְ,חֹטְבֵי
    2. 149671,149672
    3. and cutters of
    4. -
    5. 2404
    6. S-C,Vqrmpc
    7. and,cutters_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103485
    1. עֵצִים
    2. 149673
    3. wood(s)
    4. -
    5. 6086
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. wood(s)
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103486
    1. וְ,שֹׁאֲבֵי
    2. 149674,149675
    3. and drawers of
    4. -
    5. 7579
    6. S-C,Vqrmpc
    7. and,drawers_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103487
    2. 149676
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103488
    1. מַיִם
    2. 149677
    3. water
    4. water-carriers
    5. 4325
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. water
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103489
    1. לְ,בֵית
    2. 149678,149679
    3. for the house of
    4. house
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. for,the_house_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103490
    1. אֱלֹהָ,י
    2. 149680,149681
    3. my god of my
    4. god
    5. 430
    6. S-Ncmpc,Sp1cs
    7. my_God_of,my
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103491
    2. 149682
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103492

OET (OET-LV) And_now are_cursed you(pl) and_not he_will_be_cut_off from_you(pl) a_slave and_cutters_of wood(s) and_drawers_of water for_the_house_of my_god_of_my.

OET (OET-RV) Because of that, you’re all cursed and you’ll always be our slaves—you’ll all be the woodcutters and water-carriers for the house of my god.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 9:1–27 The Gibeonites deceived the Israelites

The Gibeonite people lived near Ai. When they heard that Joshua had defeated Ai, they were afraid that he would conquer and kill them too. So, they sent messengers who pretended they had come from a long distance away. They deceived the Israelites and made a treaty of friendship with them.

Later, the Israelites learned that the Gibeonites lied to them, and that they lived quite close to them. They could not kill them because of the treaty, so they made them be water carriers and woodcutters for the Israelites.

Here are some other possible section headings:

The people of Gibeon

The Gibeon people tricked the Israelites and made a treaty with them

9:23a-b

Now therefore you are under a curse and will perpetually serve as woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as Now therefore can be translated in two different ways:

  1. It means therefore, or because of this, or for that reason. For example:

    Because you did this, God has condemned you. (GNT) (BSB, GNT, RSV, ESV, NAB, NASB, NJPS, KJV)

  2. It is a temporal marker now. For example:

    You are now under a curse (NIV) (NIV, NABRE, GW, NCV, NET, NJB, REB, CEV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) and make the reason relation explicit. But option (2) is acceptable if the reason relation is implied by the context in your translation.

will perpetually serve as woodcutters and water carriers: The Hebrew words are more literally “not he will be cut off from you a slave.” There are two ways to interpret what this means.

  1. This means that all the Gibeonites became slaves. For example:

    every one of you shall always be a slave (NABRE) (BSB, NABRE, NASB, NIV, NET, GNT, GW, NAB, NCV, NJB, NJPS, NLT, KJV)

  2. This means that some of the Gibeonites became slaves. For example:

    some of you shall never be anything by servants (ESV) (ESV, RSV, REB, CEV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). God’s curse was on the whole Gibeonite nation. It is not clear from the Hebrew that we can translate this as only “some” of the Gibeonites.

9:23a

Now therefore you are under a curse and will perpetually serve

you are under a curse: The phrase you are under a curse means that God considered them to be guilty and condemned them.

will perpetually serve: The phrase will perpetually serve indicates the Gibeonites will live in submission to the Israelites.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

shall always be slaves (RSV)

shall never be anything but servants (ESV)

perpetual servitude (NET)

9:23b

as woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God.”

woodcutters: The word woodcutters indicates that they will cut firewood.

and water carriers: The phrase water carriers indicates that they will draw water from the wells and carry it.

for the house of my God: The phrase for the house of my God indicates that the Gibeonites will provide wood and water for the place of worship. During the time of Joshua, the house of my God in which the Israelites worshiped was a tent, not a permanent house. In 9:27 it is clear that the Gibeonites served both the place of worship and also the broader community in this way.

my God: The word my refers to Joshua. Joshua referred to Yahweh as his God.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

וְ⁠עַתָּ֖ה

and=now

See how you translated this expression, which introduces the main business of a communication, in [1:2](../01/02.md) and its other occurrences.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

אֲרוּרִ֣ים אַתֶּ֑ם

cursed you(pl)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation, as in the UST: [Yahweh has cursed you]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublenegatives

וְ⁠לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֨ת מִ⁠כֶּ֜ם עֶ֗בֶד וְ⁠חֹטְבֵ֥י עֵצִ֛ים וְ⁠שֹֽׁאֲבֵי־מַ֖יִם

and=not cease from,you(pl) slaves and,cutters_of wood and,drawers_of waters

If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle not and the negative verb cut off, which in this context means “cease to be.” Alternate translation: [and each of you shall always be a slave who hews wood and draws water]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

וְ⁠לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֨ת מִ⁠כֶּ֜ם עֶ֗בֶד

and=not cease from,you(pl) slaves

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [and we will not cut off any of you from being a slave]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And now
    2. -
    3. 1987,5891
    5. 149660,149661
    6. S-C,D
    8. S
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103477
    1. +are cursed
    2. cursed
    3. 732
    5. 149662
    6. V-Vqsmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103478
    1. you(pl)
    2. -
    3. 610
    5. 149663
    6. S-Pp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103479
    1. and not
    2. -
    3. 1987,3835
    5. 149664,149665
    6. S-C,Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103480
    1. he will be cut off
    2. -
    3. 3652
    5. 149667
    6. V-VNi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103482
    1. from you(pl)
    2. -
    3. 4129,4129
    5. 149668,149669
    6. S-R,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103483
    1. a slave
    2. slaves
    3. 5754
    5. 149670
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103484
    1. and cutters of
    2. -
    3. 1987,2540
    5. 149671,149672
    6. S-C,Vqrmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103485
    1. wood(s)
    2. -
    3. 5736
    5. 149673
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103486
    1. and drawers of
    2. -
    3. 1987,7753
    5. 149674,149675
    6. S-C,Vqrmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103487
    1. water
    2. water-carriers
    3. 4433
    5. 149677
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103489
    1. for the house of
    2. house
    3. 3705,1094
    5. 149678,149679
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103490
    1. my god of my
    2. god
    3. 38,1978
    5. 149680,149681
    6. S-Ncmpc,Sp1cs
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103491

OET (OET-LV) And_now are_cursed you(pl) and_not he_will_be_cut_off from_you(pl) a_slave and_cutters_of wood(s) and_drawers_of water for_the_house_of my_god_of_my.

OET (OET-RV) Because of that, you’re all cursed and you’ll always be our slaves—you’ll all be the woodcutters and water-carriers for the house of my god.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 9:23 ↑ → ► ║ ©