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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Luke C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24
Luke 2 V1 V3 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43 V45 V47 V49 V51
In this section the things that the angel told Mary about in 1:31–37 happened. In those verses the angel told Mary that she would give birth to a son through the power of the Holy Spirit. This would happen even though she was a virgin. In this section, that prophecy was fulfilled. Mary gave birth to Jesus in Bethlehem. This section begins about six months after John the Baptizer was born (1:26).
It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it. Some other possible headings for this section are:
The Birth of Jesus (GNT)
Mary gave birth to the Savior
He went there to register with Mary,
He went to Bethlehem in order that he and Mary could register their names in the government records.
He went there with Mary for the official to write both his name and Mary’s name in the record book.
to register with Mary: Joseph took Mary with him to Bethlehem. He did this so that an officer could write his name and Mary’s name in the book that the government officials used for the census.Scholars have different views about what the phrase “with Mary” connects with in this context. Some of the main interpretations are: (1) It connects with “to register,” that is, Joseph went to register with Mary. Most English versions follow this interpretation (BSB, NIV, GNT, RSV, NJB, NET, NASB, KJV, GW, JBP, NCV). (2) It connects with “went,” that is, Joseph went to register, and he went with Mary. The English versions that follow interpretation (2) indicate this by omitting the verb “to register” in 2:5 or by putting the infinitive in 2:4. For example, the REB says, “4–5Joseph went up to Judea from the town of Nazareth in Galilee, to register in the city of David called Bethlehem, because he was of the house of David by descent; and with him went Mary, his betrothed, who was expecting her child” (also CEV and NLT). The Notes follow interpretation (1) along with the majority of English versions.
who was pledged to him in marriage and was expecting a child.
She and her family had promised that she would be his wife, and she was pregnant.
He and Mary had a legal contract to marry each other, and she was pregnant.
who was pledged to him in marriage: The Greek word that the BSB translates as pledged to him in marriage refers to an agreement to marry. This agreement was made by a young man and woman and their families.
Some English versions translate this word as “engaged.” However, the marriage agreement among the Jews was more strict than the word “engaged” implies in Western society. It legally joined a man and woman, and it was as binding as marriage. If either the man or the woman ended the agreement, people considered them to be divorced.
Some other ways to express pledged…in marriage are:
promised in marriage (GNT)
had made a legal contract to be married
After the marriage agreement was made, the man and woman usually waited for a year before their wedding. As part of the wedding ceremony, the man took the woman into his house to live. Matthew 1:24 indicates that Joseph had already taken Mary to his house as his wife before they went to Bethlehem. However, they had not yet had sexual relations, so Luke continued to refer to Mary as the “one pledged to be married.”
In some languages, it may be more natural to put 2:5b before 2:5a. For example:
5bJoseph and Mary had promised to get married, and Mary was expecting a child. 5aSo Joseph went to Bethlehem with Mary to register.
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result
ἀπογράψασθαι σὺν Μαριὰμ, τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ
˓to˒_register (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπογράψασθαι σύν Μαριάμ τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ οὔσῃ ἐγκύῳ)
If it would be helpful in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the action that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: [Because Mary was engaged to Joseph, she had to travel with him so that he could list their names together]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
Μαριὰμ, τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἀπογράψασθαι σύν Μαριάμ τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ οὔσῃ ἐγκύῳ)
In this culture, an engaged couple was considered legally married, although there would not have been physical intimacy between them until after the wedding. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain that. Alternate translation: [Mary, who was engaged to him and who was therefore considered his legal wife]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ
¬which ˓having_been˒_betrothed ˱to˲_him
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [who had promised to marry him]
2:5 Mary, to whom he was engaged: See study note on 1:27.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.