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Prov 18 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24

OET interlinear PROV 18:17

◄ ← PROV 18:17 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. צַדִּיק
    2. 393481
    3. +is righteous
    4. right
    5. 6662
    6. P-Aamsa
    7. [is]_righteous
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274292
    1. הָ,רִאשׁוֹן
    2. 393482,393483
    3. the first
    4. first
    5. 7223
    6. S-Td,Aomsa
    7. the,first
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274293
    1. בְּ,רִיב,וֹ
    2. 393484,393485,393486
    3. in case of his
    4. -
    5. 7379
    6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    7. in,case_of,his
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274294
    1. יבא
    2. 393487
    3. wwww
    4. -
    5. 935
    6. SV-Vqi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274295
    2. 393488
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274296
    2. 393489
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274297
    1. רֵעֵ,הוּ
    2. 393490,393491
    3. his/its neighbour
    4. -
    5. 7453
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    7. his/its=neighbour
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274298
    1. וַ,חֲקָר,וֹ
    2. 393492,393493,393494
    3. and he will examine him
    4. -
    5. 2713
    6. VO-C,Vqp3ms,Sp3ms
    7. and,he,will_examine_him
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274299
    2. 393495
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 274300

OET (OET-LV) is_righteous the_first in_case_of_his wwww[fn] his/its_neighbour and_he_will_examine_him.

18:17 OSHB variant note: יבא: (x-qere) ’וּ/בָֽא’: lemma_c/935 morph_HC/Vqq3ms id_20jvq וּ/בָֽא

OET (OET-RV) The first person to state their case sounds right,
 ⇔ → until their opponent cross-examines them.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:1–22:16: This is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs. It has a very different structure from the longer poetic lectures of chapters 1–9. It consists mostly of individual couplets (two-line poems) that are each one verse in length. With the exception of the title (10:1a), paragraph breaks will not be indicated in the Notes or Display. You may of course choose to start each proverb as a separate paragraph in your translation.

In chapters 10–15, most of these one-verse couplets express a contrast between the two lines. One of the more common contrasts is between the righteous/wise and the wicked/foolish and the different consequences of their conduct.

In chapters 16:1–22:16, more topics are discussed. There is more emphasis on the role of the king and other leaders. In these chapters, there are few proverbs with contrasting lines. Some of the parallel lines are similar in meaning. More frequently, the second line adds to what the first line says or gives an example. Most of the verses have no obvious connection with the previous or following proverbs.UBS (page 214), Fox (page 509), McKane (page 413). Many scholars, including McKane, point out that there are some topical groupings as well as poetic connections. These include the repetition of certain words or sounds. This observation does not deny the individual nature of most of the proverbs in this Section.

Two of the types of proverbs in this section are not found in chapters 1–9. One type contains logical reasoning from the lesser to the greater. See 11:31 for a list of these proverbs. There are also several varieties of complex “better than” proverbs. The most common have a contrasting situation in each line (see 12:9). For other varieties, see 16:16, 19:1, and 21:9.

Many of the proverbs in this section refer to categories of people who share a common trait. For example, they refer to the righteous, the wise, the poor, and the lazy. In Hebrew, some verses use singular forms to refer to these groups of people. Other verses use plural forms. Still others use a combination of singular and plural. See the note on 10:30a–b for one example. For most of these verses, the Notes will not comment on the difference between singular and plural forms. Use a natural way in your language to refer to one or more people who are in the same category.

Many of the proverbs in this section express a general principle in abstract terms. They are not addressed specifically to the readers. For example, 10:2a–b says:

Ill-gotten treasures are of no value,

but righteousness delivers from death.

However, the author intended his readers to understand these proverbs as advice that they should follow. In some languages, authors or speakers give advice more directly, using pronouns such as you(sing), you(plur), we(dual), or we(incl). See the note on 10:2 for translation suggestions.

Some other headings for this section are:

Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

The Wise Words of Solomon (NCV)

Here are many wise things that Solomon said

18:17

In this verse, the second line completes the thought of the first line.

17aThe first to state his case seems right

17buntil another comes and cross-examines him.

The setting of this proverb is a dispute in which the opponents both present their cases. It could be a legal dispute that is brought before a judge in court or before the elders of a town.Hubbard (page 274) says that the setting is the town gate, where the elders used to gather to settle arguments between residents. Most scholars do not identify the setting specifically. It could also be an argument between members of a family.

The proverb implies that people need to hear both sides of a dispute before they make a decision. It also implies the need to question the first speaker to make sure that he described the situation accurately.

18:17a

The first to state his case seems right

The first to state his case seems right: In Hebrew, this clause is literally “The first in his dispute is righteous.” It means that the first person to state his side of an argument appears to be right in what he has said. This is probably the accuser.Whybray (page 271) and UBS (page 391) think that the first speaker is the defendant. Other scholars, including Garrett, McKane, Cohen, and Waltke, understand him to be the accuser or plaintiff. Normally, in a court case, the accuser must first state the evidence against the defendant before the defendant can respond. Waltke points out that the phrase “first in his dispute/case” refers to the person who is the “possessor of a case against someone” (2005, page 82).

It is implied that he presents his evidence in a way that makes his own case look stronger than it actually is. Some other ways to translate this clause are:

The first person to speak in court always seems right (GNT)

The person who tells one side of a story seems right (NCV)

18:17b

until another comes and cross-examines him.

until another comes and cross-examines him: The word that the BSB translates as another is literally “his neighbor.” It refers to the next person who speaks, probably the defendant. When the second person cross-examines or questions his accuser, the accuser’s arguments may no longer seem to be right. Some other ways to translate this clause are:

until his opponent begins to cross-examine him (NET)

until the next person comes forward to ask him questions

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

צַדִּ֣יק הָ⁠רִאשׁ֣וֹן בְּ⁠רִיב֑⁠וֹ וּבָֽא־רֵ֝עֵ֗⁠הוּ וַ⁠חֲקָרֽ⁠וֹ

law-abiding/just the,first in,case_of,his (Some words not found in UHB: law-abiding/just the,first in,case_of,his יבא his/its=neighbour and,he,will_examine_him )

This verse refers to a dispute in which one person states his case that seems to be right until that person’s neighbor examines him by asking him questions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “When people dispute, the first one states his case and seems to be right. Then his neighbor comes and questions what he said”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

הָ⁠רִאשׁ֣וֹן בְּ⁠רִיב֑⁠וֹ & רֵ֝עֵ֗⁠הוּ וַ⁠חֲקָרֽ⁠וֹ

the,first in,case_of,his & his/its=neighbour and,he,will_examine_him

The first one, his, and him refer to a type of person, not a particular first one. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any first person with that person’s case … that person’s neighbor … and examines that person”

Note 3 topic: translate-ordinal

הָ⁠רִאשׁ֣וֹן

the,first

If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “Person one”

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

וּבָֽא־רֵ֝עֵ֗⁠הוּ

(Some words not found in UHB: law-abiding/just the,first in,case_of,his יבא his/its=neighbour and,he,will_examine_him )

Solomon uses the word then here to indicate a contrast between the idea of the previous clause and this clause. Solomon implies that the results of examining the first one will be that his case is not right. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a contrast. Alternate translation: “but then his neighbor comes”

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. +is righteous
    2. right
    3. 6599
    5. 393481
    6. P-Aamsa
    8. S
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274292
    1. the first
    2. first
    3. 1893,7111
    5. 393482,393483
    6. S-Td,Aomsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274293
    1. in case of his
    2. -
    3. 846,7120,1978
    5. 393484,393485,393486
    6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274294
    1. wwww
    2. -
    3. 1987,1274
    4. K
    5. 393487
    6. SV-Vqi3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274295
    1. his/its neighbour
    2. -
    3. 7161,1978
    5. 393490,393491
    6. S-Ncmsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274298
    1. and he will examine him
    2. -
    3. 1987,2623,1978
    5. 393492,393493,393494
    6. VO-C,Vqp3ms,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1000
    10. 274299

OET (OET-LV) is_righteous the_first in_case_of_his wwww[fn] his/its_neighbour and_he_will_examine_him.

18:17 OSHB variant note: יבא: (x-qere) ’וּ/בָֽא’: lemma_c/935 morph_HC/Vqq3ms id_20jvq וּ/בָֽא

OET (OET-RV) The first person to state their case sounds right,
 ⇔ → until their opponent cross-examines them.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← PROV 18:17 ↑ → ► ║ ©