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OET interlinear PROV 31:1

◄ ↨ PROV 31:1 ↓ → ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. דִּבְרֵי
    2. 398415
    3. the words/messages of
    4. -
    5. 1697
    6. P-Ncmpc
    7. the_words_of
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278101
    1. לְמוּאֵל
    2. 398416
    3. Ləmūʼēl
    4. Lemuel
    5. 3927
    6. P-Np
    7. of_Lemuel
    8. -
    9. Person=Lemuel; Y-700
    10. 278102
    1. מֶלֶךְ
    2. 398417
    3. +the king
    4. King
    5. 4428
    6. P-Ncmsa
    7. [the]_king
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278103
    1. מַשָּׂא
    2. 398418
    3. an oracle
    4. -
    6. P-Ncmsa
    7. an_oracle
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278104
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 398419
    3. which
    4. that
    6. P-Tr
    7. which
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278105
    2. 398420
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 278106
    1. יִסְּרַתּ,וּ
    2. 398421,398422
    3. she instructed him
    4. taught him
    5. 3256
    6. VO-Vpp3fs,Sp3ms
    7. she,instructed_him
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278107
    1. אִמּ,וֹ
    2. 398423,398424
    3. his/its mother
    4. mother
    5. 517
    6. S-Ncfsc,Sp3ms
    7. his/its=mother
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278108
    2. 398425
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 278109

OET (OET-LV) the_words/messages_of Ləmūʼēl the_king an_oracle which she_instructed_him his/its_mother.

OET (OET-RV) These are the sayings by King Lemuel, the burden, that his mother had taught him:

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 31:1–9: Here are the sayings of King Lemuel

The verses in this section were written or collected by King Lemuel. They contain advice that his mother gave him regarding the way that a good king should rule his people. Her advice focuses on a king’s relationships with women (v. 3), the use of intoxicating drink (vv. 4–7) and justice for the poor (vv. 8–9). English versions divide the paragraphs in this section in several ways. The paragraphs in the Notes will be divided according to these three topics. The title (v. 1) and introduction (v. 2) will each form a separate paragraph.

Some other headings for this section are:

What King Lemuel’s Mother Taught Him (CEV)

Advice to a King (GNT)

Wise Words of King Lemuel (NCV)

31:1

These are the words of King Lemuel—the burden that his mother taught him:

These are the words of King Lemuel—the burden that his mother taught him: In Hebrew, this verse is the title for section 31:1–9 and perhaps also for the rest of the chapter.Waltke (pages 501–502) argues that the title applies to the whole chapter on the grounds that otherwise, verses 10–31 would be the only section in Proverbs that had no mention of an author. However, the structure of verses 10–31 (an acrostic poem of praise) is completely different from that of verses 1–9 (instruction). Delitzsch (pages 473 and 480) considers them to be separate appendices. Whybray (page 422) and Murphy (page 240) both note that the LXX separates verses 1–9 from verses 10–31 with chapters 25–29. According to Murphy, these independent poems were placed together here in the last chapter because they both contain similar chiastic structures. Fox (page 882) finds topical reasons for placing these two sections together. For example, vv.1–9 contain the advice of a wise woman; vv. 10–31 mention the wise and kind teaching of a good woman (v. 26). See how you formatted the similar title in 30:1a.

King Lemuel: This is the only mention of King Lemuel in the OT.

the burden: There is a textual issue with the word burden:

  1. The Masoretic Text (MT) has the burden. This phrase refers to an oracle or prophetic message. It indicates here that the LORD inspired Lemuel to write the words that his mother instructed him. For example:

    King Lemuel—an inspired utterance (NIV11) (BSB, ESV, GW, KJV, NASB, NET, NIV, NLT96, NRSV)

  2. Some scholars think that the original Hebrew phrase was “of Massa.” It indicates here that Lemuel was a king in a place named Massa. For example:

    Lemuel king of Massa (NJB) (CEV, NAB, NJB, NJPS, REB, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions and commentaries. The LXX also supports this option. See the notes on 30:1a. The same option is recommended there.

his mother taught him: The verb taught refers to moral instruction or training. See discipline in the Glossary.

Another way to translate this verse is:

The inspired message of King Lemuel that his mother taught him:

In some languages, it may be more natural to translate verse 31:1 as a statement and to combine/reorder some of the phrases. For example:

Here are the wise words that the LORD caused King Lemuel to write. His mother taught them to him.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

דִּ֭בְרֵי

words_of

See how you translated the same use of words in [1:6](../01/06.md).

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

מַ֝שָּׂ֗א

oracle

See how you translated the same use of burden in [30:1](../30/01.md).

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

31:1-9 Lemuel, like Agur, might have been from Massa (see study note on 30:1). Lemuel’s mother’s teaching encourages him to control his lusts (particularly for women and alcohol) so that he might reign justly.
• Apart from this passage, Lemuel is unknown.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. the words/messages of
    2. -
    3. 1726
    5. 398415
    6. P-Ncmpc
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278101
    1. Ləmūʼēl
    2. Lemuel
    3. 3731
    5. 398416
    6. P-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Lemuel; Y-700
    10. 278102
    1. +the king
    2. King
    3. 4308
    5. 398417
    6. P-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278103
    1. an oracle
    2. -
    3. 4629
    5. 398418
    6. P-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278104
    1. which
    2. that
    3. 238
    5. 398419
    6. P-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278105
    1. she instructed him
    2. taught him
    3. 3250,1978
    5. 398421,398422
    6. VO-Vpp3fs,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278107
    1. his/its mother
    2. mother
    3. 334,1978
    5. 398423,398424
    6. S-Ncfsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-700
    10. 278108

OET (OET-LV) the_words/messages_of Ləmūʼēl the_king an_oracle which she_instructed_him his/its_mother.

OET (OET-RV) These are the sayings by King Lemuel, the burden, that his mother had taught him:

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ↨ PROV 31:1 ↑ → ║ ©