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OET (OET-LV) Therefore see, the_kindness and severity of_god, on on_one_hand the ones having_fallen, severity, on_the_other_hand to you, kindness of_god, if you_may_continue_on in_the kindness, otherwise also you will_be_being_cut_off.
OET (OET-RV) So you can see both God’s kindness and his severity—those who disobeyed experienced his severity, but you experienced his kindness. Otherwise you too will be pruned off,
In this section, Paul asked his readers if God has rejected the Jews forever. He answered his own question, indicating that God has not. At that time many Jews rejected Jesus as the Christ/Messiah. As a result, God made the message about Jesus known to people who were not Jews. But God will one day include the Jews and save them through Jesus too.
Paul then spoke directly to the believers who were not Jews. He said that he boasted about his ministry to the non-Jews so as to make the Jews jealous of the results of his ministry among the Gentiles. Then maybe some would be curious and begin believing in Jesus. When God accepts their faith in Jesus, it will be like they rose from the dead.
Paul then used some metaphors to illustrate his point that God has not rejected forever the Jews who, at that time, did not believe in Jesus as the Christ. He showed that if some Jews were holy, then all were, in the same way that a part of a batch of dough represents the whole batch. And the branches of a tree that is holy are themselves holy, even if they have been broken off to allow branches from a different tree to be joined into the trunk. He used the picture of the branches of that different tree to represent the believers who were not Jews.
He reminded the believers who were not Jews of God’s kindness toward them. He told them to always be mindful of that kindness rather than being proud of themselves. He warned them that God is able to do to them as he did to the Jews who do not believe in Jesus, if they became proud of themselves.
Here are other possible headings for this section:
Do not look down on Jews who have not accepted Jesus as the Christ
Many Gentiles believing in Jesus will make the Jews want that blessing too
Take notice, therefore, of the kindness and severity of God:
¶ Therefore, look/listen(sing). God is kind to people and he is also strict with them.
¶ So see(plur) that God does good to people, and he follows his laws/rules exactly to them.
¶ So pay attention to the fact that at times God is nice to people, but at other times he shows no mercy to them.
Take notice, therefore: In Greek, the connecting word that the BSB translates as therefore occurs after the first word of this sentence. In many languages, this word must be first. For example:
Then take notice
Take notice: The Greek word is the command, “Look.” It introduces what Paul wanted the readers to pay attention to. Here are other ways to translate this word:
See
Listen
Consider (NIV)
you see that (NCV)
See how you translated this in 9:33 (“See”).
kindness: This word refers to doing good to someone because you want to. The intent of kindness is to help the person, rather than require him to repay the kindness in some way. God does many good things for people. See how you translated this word in 2:4.
severity: The Greek word refers to following a law or rule strictly. It indicates that no mercy is given. Here are other ways to translate this word:
harshness (NET)
God is…very strict (NCV)
severity to those who fell,
He was strict to those who have fallen in their faith,
He followed his laws/rules exactly concerning those Jews who stopped believing.
He showed no mercy to those who rejected his Christ/Messiah,
those who fell: Here Paul used the word fell figuratively to refer to Jews who followed the Jewish religion but did not believe Jesus was God’s Messiah (11:20b). For example:
those who fell in their faith
In some languages the word fell cannot be used in this way. If that is true in your language, translate the correct meaning. For example:
those who stop believing in him
the ones who turn-their-backs-on/reject himYakan Back Translation on TW.
but kindness to you,
but he is kind to you,
But God does good to you Gentiles when you believed.
but he is nice to you non-Jewish believers.
kindness to you: Here the word kindness refers to salvation and other things that God gives to someone when he believes in Jesus. For example:
he gave to you the favor because you believedOtomi Back Translation on TW.
you: This word is singular and continues to refer to a non-Jewish believer.
if you continue in His kindness.
if you persevere in that kindness.
That is true as long as you(plur) live according to his kindness.
if: The Greek word that the BSB literally translates as if introduces what must happen for God to continue to be kind to Gentile believers. Here are other ways to translate this word:
provided (ESV)
as long as (NJB)
you continue in His kindness: This clause indicates that the Gentile believer must live according to God’s kindness to him, that is, he must continue to believe in Jesus as the Christ/Messiah. Here are other ways to translate this clause:
you remain in his kindness (NABRE)
you persevere in it (NJB)
Otherwise you also will be cut off.
Otherwise you(sing) will also be cut off.
But if you reject that kindness, he will remove you too.
Otherwise: This word introduces what will happen if the Gentile believer does not continue in God’s kindness. Here are other ways to translate this word:
But if you do not, (GNT)
But if you don’t continue,Kankanaey Back Translation on TW.
But if you turn away from his kindness,
you also will be cut off: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause. For example:
God will cut you off also
cut off: This continues the metaphor about the branches and the tree. In 11:20, the natural branches were broken off, but here the grafted-in branches could be cut off.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἴδε
behold
Paul uses the term See to focus his audiences’ attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation.
Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result
οὖν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
Here, then indicates that what follows in this verse is the logical conclusion to what Paul has stated in the [11:17–21](../11/17.md). Use a natural way in your language for expressing result. Alternate translation: [as a result]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
χρηστότητα & ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ & ἀποτομία & χρηστότης Θεοῦ & τῇ χρηστότητι
˓the˒_kindness & severity ˱of˲_God & severity & kindness ˱of˲_God & ˱in˲_the kindness
If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of kindness and severity, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: [the kind character … the severe character of God … his severe character … the kind character of God … his kind character]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἐπὶ μὲν τοὺς πεσόντας, ἀποτομία
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
Here Paul speaks of God’s severity as if it were an object that could be on someone. He means that God punishes them severely. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [he severely punishes those who fell]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
τοὺς πεσόντας
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
Paul refers to the Jews who failed to trust God as if they were people who fell. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [those Jews who failed to trust in God]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἐπὶ δὲ σὲ, χρηστότης Θεοῦ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
Here Paul speaks of God’s kindness as if it were an object that could be on someone. He means that God acts kindly toward those who trust in Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [he is kind to you]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / youcrowd
σὲ & ἐπιμένῃς & σὺ ἐκκοπήσῃ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
See how you translated you in [11:17–21](../11/17.md).
Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἐπιμένῃς τῇ χρηστότητι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
Here Paul speaks of God’s kindness as if it were a place in which someone could continue staying. He means that his readers should continue trusting in God’s kindness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [you continue trusting in his kindness]
Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
καὶ σὺ ἐκκοπήσῃ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
Here Paul refers to his Gentile Christian audience as if they were branches that God could cut off. He means that God would reject them if they do not remain faithful. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: [you yourself also will be rejected] or [you yourself also will be rejected like a branch that is cut off]
Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
καὶ σὺ ἐκκοπήσῃ
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἴδε Οὖν χρηστότητα καί ἀποτομίαν Θεοῦ ἐπί μέν τούς πεσόντας ἀποτομία ἐπί δέ σέ χρηστότης Θεοῦ ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς τῇ χρηστότητι ἐπεί καί σύ ἐκκοπήσῃ)
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God will cut off you yourself also]
11:22 if you stop trusting, you also will be cut off: Scripture consistently emphasizes that only believers who persevere to the end will be saved. However, Paul’s warning leads to debate over the theological implications of his statement. Some think that it implies that genuine believers can stop believing and therefore not be saved in the end. Others argue that we should not press the metaphor so far and that Paul is referring to people who appear to be believers but whose lack of real faith ultimately reveals itself.
OET (OET-LV) Therefore see, the_kindness and severity of_god, on on_one_hand the ones having_fallen, severity, on_the_other_hand to you, kindness of_god, if you_may_continue_on in_the kindness, otherwise also you will_be_being_cut_off.
OET (OET-RV) So you can see both God’s kindness and his severity—those who disobeyed experienced his severity, but you experienced his kindness. Otherwise you too will be pruned off,
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.