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interlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
1Sa C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31
1Sa 4 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22
OET (OET-LV) And_came the_troops into the_camp and_they_said the_elders_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) to/for_what defeated_us YHWH the_day to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before the_Fəlishtiy let_us_bring to_us from_Shiloh DOM the_ark_of the_covenant_of YHWH and_come in/on/at/with_midst_of_us and_save_us from_power_of enemies_of_our.
OET (OET-RV) As the people[fn] came into the camp, the Israeli elders asked themselves, “Why did Yahweh allow the Philistines to slaughter us today? Let’s get the box from Shiloh that contains the stone slabs with Yahweh’s agreement on them. Once it’s amongst us, surely it’ll save us from defeat by our enemies.”
4:3 It seems that most translations assume that this is referring to the remainder of the warriors staggering back into the camp (which is certainly a possibility), but we’ve interpreted it as the people coming together (with their elders as it says), to try to figure out why they were defeated. (Similarly for v4.)
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
לָ֣מָּה נְגָפָ֧נוּ יְהוָ֛ה הַיּ֖וֹם לִפְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים
to/for=what defeated,us YHWH the=day to=(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Fəlishtiy
There is an implicit answer to this question in what the elders decide to do the rest of this verse. They feel as if Yahweh himself has defeated them, and they believe the reason is that they did not bring the Box of the Covenant with them into battle. See the discussion in the Introduction to this chapter of why they believed this. The UST models one way to supply this implicit information.
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
מִכַּ֥ף אֹיְבֵֽינוּ
from,power_of enemies_of,our
See the discussion in the Introduction to 1 Samuel of the use of the word “hand” to represent power. The elders are using the word palm here to mean the same thing. Alternate translation: [from the power of our enemies]
4:3 The Israelites were often defeated in war because of the sin of one individual or the entire nation (Josh 7). In this defeat, no one inquired whether sin was the cause; apparently no one had even asked the Lord whether they should engage the Philistines in the first place (cp. 1 Chr 14:13-16). Instead, the Israelites treated the Ark, the most sacred symbol of the Lord’s presence, as a charm to ward off misfortune. Carrying the Ark into battle was not necessarily wrong (cp. Josh 6:2-21), but neither would this act ensure God’s blessing and victory.
OET (OET-LV) And_came the_troops into the_camp and_they_said the_elders_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) to/for_what defeated_us YHWH the_day to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before the_Fəlishtiy let_us_bring to_us from_Shiloh DOM the_ark_of the_covenant_of YHWH and_come in/on/at/with_midst_of_us and_save_us from_power_of enemies_of_our.
OET (OET-RV) As the people[fn] came into the camp, the Israeli elders asked themselves, “Why did Yahweh allow the Philistines to slaughter us today? Let’s get the box from Shiloh that contains the stone slabs with Yahweh’s agreement on them. Once it’s amongst us, surely it’ll save us from defeat by our enemies.”
4:3 It seems that most translations assume that this is referring to the remainder of the warriors staggering back into the camp (which is certainly a possibility), but we’ve interpreted it as the people coming together (with their elders as it says), to try to figure out why they were defeated. (Similarly for v4.)
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.