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1Sa C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C30C31

1Sa 18 V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V13V14V15V16V17V18V19V20V21V22V23V24V25V26V27V28V29V30

OET interlinear 1SA 18:1

 1SA 18:1 ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יְהִי
    2. 194625,194626
    3. And he/it was
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_was
    8. S
    9. Y-1063; TReign_of_Saul
    10. 134525
    1. כְּ,כַלֹּת,וֹ
    2. 194627,194628,194629
    3. when finished he
    4. finished
    5. 3615
    6. VS-R,Vpc,Sp3ms
    7. when,finished,he
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134526
    1. לְ,דַבֵּר
    2. 194630,194631
    3. to speaking
    4. speaking
    5. 1696
    6. SV-R,Vpc
    7. to,speaking
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134527
    1. אֶל
    2. 194632
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 413
    6. S-R
    7. to
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134528
    1. 194633
    2. -
    3. -
    4. -x-maqqef
    5. -
    6. -
    7. 134529
    1. שָׁאוּל
    2. 194634
    3. Shāʼūl
    4. -
    5. 7586
    6. S-Np
    7. Saul
    8. -
    9. Person=Saul
    10. 134530
    1. וְ,נֶפֶשׁ
    2. 194635,194636
    3. and soul of
    4. -
    5. 5315
    6. S-C,Ncbsc
    7. and,soul_of
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134531
    1. יְהוֹנָתָן
    2. 194637
    3. Yōnātān/(Jonathan)
    4. -
    5. 3083
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Jonathan
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134532
    1. נִקְשְׁרָה
    2. 194638
    3. it was bound
    4. -
    5. 7194
    6. V-VNp3fs
    7. it_was_bound
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134533
    1. בְּ,נֶפֶשׁ
    2. 194639,194640
    3. in/on/at/with soul of
    4. -
    5. 5315
    6. S-R,Ncbsc
    7. in/on/at/with,soul_of
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134534
    1. דָּוִד
    2. 194641
    3. Dāvid
    4. -
    5. 1732
    6. S-Np
    7. of_David
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134535
    1. ו,יאהבו
    2. 194642,194643
    3. and loved
    4. loved
    5. 157
    6. VO-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and,loved
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134536
    1. 194644
    2. -
    3. -
    4. -
    5. -
    6. -
    7. 134537
    1. יְהוֹנָתָן
    2. 194645
    3. Yōnātān
    4. -
    5. 3083
    6. S-Np
    7. Jonathan
    8. -
    9. Person=Jonathan
    10. 134538
    1. כְּ,נַפְשׁ,וֹ
    2. 194646,194647,194648
    3. as soul of his own
    4. -
    5. 5315
    6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    7. as,soul_of,his_own
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 134539
    1. 194649
    2. -
    3. -
    4. -x-sof-pasuq
    5. -
    6. -
    7. 134540

OET (OET-LV)And_he/it_was when_finished_he to_speaking to Shāʼūl and_soul_of Yōnātān/(Jonathan) it_was_bound in/on/at/with_soul_of Dāvid and_loved[fn] Yōnātān as_soul_of_his_own.


18:1 OSHB variant note: ו/יאהבו: (x-qere) ’וַ/יֶּאֱהָבֵ֥/הוּ’: lemma_c/157 morph_HC/Vqw3ms/Sp3ms id_097PM וַ/יֶּאֱהָבֵ֥/הוּ

OET (OET-RV)After David had finished speaking to the king, him and Yonatan became close friends, in fact Yonatan really loved him.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-newevent

וַ⁠יְהִ֗י

and=he/it_was

See how you translated the phrase “And it happened” in [1:12](../01/12.md).

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

כְּ⁠כַלֹּת⁠וֹ֙ לְ⁠דַבֵּ֣ר

when,finished,he to,speaking

The pronoun he refers to David. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: [when David finished speaking]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠נֶ֨פֶשׁ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן נִקְשְׁרָ֖ה בְּ⁠נֶ֣פֶשׁ דָּוִ֑ד

and,soul_of Yōnātān/(Jonathan) knit in/on/at/with,soul_of Dāvid

The author is speaking as if souls could be physically bound together. He means that Jonathan formed a very close friendship with David. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [that Jonathan became very close friends with David]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

כְּ⁠נַפְשֽׁ⁠וֹ

as,soul_of,his_own

The author is using one part of Jonathan, his soul, to mean all of him, by reference to what was most essential about him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [as he loved himself]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

18:1 David and Jonathan had much in common: both were young and capable, were military heroes, had a robust faith in God, and had a claim to the throne of Israel. It is a testimony to Jonathan’s true character that he recognized and supported God’s choice of David to be the next king of Israel (see 18:3-4; 20:12-17).
• Jonathan loved David: See 20:17; 2 Sam 1:26. Others in this chapter are also said to love David: all Israel and Judah (1 Sam 18:16), Saul’s daughter Michal (18:20), and Saul’s servants (18:22). Some modern interpreters see a homosexual relationship between David and Jonathan, but the text implies nothing other than a deep and loyal friendship.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And he/it was
    2. -
    3. 1922,1872
    4. 194625,194626
    5. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    6. S
    7. Y-1063; TReign_of_Saul
    8. 134525
    1. when finished he
    2. finished
    3. 3285,3487
    4. 194627,194628,194629
    5. VS-R,Vpc,Sp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134526
    1. to speaking
    2. speaking
    3. 3570,1564
    4. 194630,194631
    5. SV-R,Vpc
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134527
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 385
    4. 194632
    5. S-R
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134528
    1. Shāʼūl
    2. -
    3. 7464
    4. 194634
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. Person=Saul
    8. 134530
    1. and soul of
    2. -
    3. 1922,4879
    4. 194635,194636
    5. S-C,Ncbsc
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134531
    1. Yōnātān/(Jonathan)
    2. -
    3. 2820
    4. 194637
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134532
    1. it was bound
    2. -
    3. 6724
    4. 194638
    5. V-VNp3fs
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134533
    1. in/on/at/with soul of
    2. -
    3. 844,4879
    4. 194639,194640
    5. S-R,Ncbsc
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134534
    1. Dāvid
    2. -
    3. 1688
    4. 194641
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134535
    1. and loved
    2. loved
    3. 1922,655
    4. K
    5. 194642,194643
    6. VO-C,Vqw3ms
    7. -
    8. -
    9. 134536
    1. Yōnātān
    2. -
    3. 2820
    4. 194645
    5. S-Np
    6. -
    7. Person=Jonathan
    8. 134538
    1. as soul of his own
    2. -
    3. 3285,4879
    4. 194646,194647,194648
    5. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    6. -
    7. -
    8. 134539

OET (OET-LV)And_he/it_was when_finished_he to_speaking to Shāʼūl and_soul_of Yōnātān/(Jonathan) it_was_bound in/on/at/with_soul_of Dāvid and_loved[fn] Yōnātān as_soul_of_his_own.


18:1 OSHB variant note: ו/יאהבו: (x-qere) ’וַ/יֶּאֱהָבֵ֥/הוּ’: lemma_c/157 morph_HC/Vqw3ms/Sp3ms id_097PM וַ/יֶּאֱהָבֵ֥/הוּ

OET (OET-RV)After David had finished speaking to the king, him and Yonatan became close friends, in fact Yonatan really loved him.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.

 1SA 18:1 ©