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Key: khaki:verbs, red:negative, blue:Elohim, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXΟὐχ ὑμῖν γνῶναι ὅτι Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ ἔδωκε βασιλέα ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τῷ Δαυὶδ καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ διαθήκῃ ἁλός; (Ouⱪ humin gnōnai hoti Kurios ho Theos Israaʸl edōke basilea epi ton Israaʸl eis ton aiōna tōi Dawid kai tois huiois autou diathaʸkaʸ halos; )
BrTrIs it not for you to know that the Lord God of Israel has given a king over Israel for ever to David, and to his sons, by a covenant of salt?
ULTIs it not to you all to know that Yahweh, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom to David over Israel forever, to him and to his sons, a covenant of salt?
USTYou certainly know that Yahweh, whom we Israelites are to worship, made a covenant with David by which he promised that his descendants would always rule over Israel.
BSBDo you not know that the LORD, the God of Israel, has given the kingship of Israel to David and his descendants forever by a covenant of salt[fn]?
WEBBEOught you not to know that the LORD, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David forever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?
NETDon’t you realize that the Lord God of Israel has given David and his dynasty lasting dominion over Israel by a formal agreement?
LSVIs it not for you to know that YHWH, God of Israel, has given the kingdom over Israel to David for all time, to him and to his sons—a covenant of salt?
FBVDon't you understand that the Lord, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom of Israel to David and his descendants forever by a binding agreement?[fn]
13:5“Binding agreement”: literally, “a covenant of salt.”
T4TYou should know that Yahweh, the God to whom all we Israelis belong, has appointed David and his descendants to be the kings of Israel forever. He has confirmed that by making a permanent agreement.
BBEIs it not clear to you that the Lord, the God of Israel, gave the rule over Israel to David and to his sons for ever, by an agreement made with salt?
JPSought ye not to know that the LORD, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?
ASVOught ye not to know that Jehovah, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?
DRADo you not know that the Lord God of Israel gave to David the kingdom over Israel for ever, to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?
YLTIs it not for you to know that Jehovah, God of Israel, hath given the kingdom to David over Israel to the age, to him and to his sons — a covenant of salt?
DrbyOught ye not to know that Jehovah the [fn]God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, to him and to his sons [by] a covenant of salt?
RVOught ye not to know that the LORD, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt? (Ought ye/you_all not to know that the LORD, the God of Israel, gave the kingdom over Israel to David forever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt? )
SLTIs it not to you to know that Jehovah God of Israel gave the kingdom to David over Israel forever, to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?
WbstrOught ye not to know that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?
KJB-1769Ought ye not to know that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt? (Ought ye/you_all not to know that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David forever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt? )
KJB-1611Ought you not to know, that the LORD God of Israel gaue the kingdome ouer Israel to Dauid for euer, euen to him and to his sonnes by a couenant of salt? (Ought you not to know, that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David forever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?)
GnvaOught you not to know that the Lord God of Israel hath giuen the kingdome ouer Israel to Dauid for euer, euen to him and to his sonnes by a couenant of salt? (Ought you not to know that the Lord God of Israel hath/has given the kingdom over Israel to David forever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt? )
ClVgNum ignoratis quod Dominus Deus Israël dederit regnum David super Israël in sempiternum, ipsi et filiis ejus in pactum salis? (Num ignoratis that Master God Israel will_give kingdom David over Israel in/into/on eternal, themselves and to_the_children his in/into/on agreement salis? )
13:5a lasting covenant: Literally a covenant of salt. Salt was required with a grain offering (Lev 2:13). The social and religious background for this phrase is unknown. However, salt was used as a preservative and provided an apt metaphor for a permanent covenant.
(Occurrence 0) Do you not know … by a formal covenant?
(Some words not found in UHB: ?,not to/for=you_all to=know that/for/because/then/when YHWH god_of Yisrael he/it_gave kingship to,David on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in Yisrael to,forever to=him/it and,to,sons_of,his covenant_of salt )
Abijah asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the positive answer that it anticipates. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know very well … by a formal covenant.”
From Sunday School lessons to inspiring sermons, modern portrayals of biblical characters often suffer from overly simplistic, two-dimensional perspectives on people’s moral character and deeds, but a careful reading of Scripture often shows reality to be more complex. The story of Abijah is ripe for similar misunderstanding unless one reads both biblical accounts of his reign. Abijah (also called Abijam) son of Rehoboam reigned for only three short years over Judah, and 1 Kings 15:3 tersely notes that “he committed all the sins that his father did before him; his heart was not true to the Lord his God.” It also notes that Abijah’s entire reign was marked by war with Jeroboam (1 Kings 15:6). From this it would be easy to assume that his reign was characterized only by wickedness and moral decline. Yet 2 Chronicles, though silent on the final assessment of Abijah’s overall character, seems to present Abijah as a leader who takes up the righteous cause of bringing the rebellious northern tribes of Israel back under the fold of Judah’s Davidic dynasty and Aaronic priesthood, though he was ultimately unsuccessful. As part of this effort, Abijah makes a foray into the northern tribes’ territory and arrives at Mount Zemaraim, but Jeroboam confronts him there with twice the amount of forces. The location of Mount Zemaraim is not certain, but it may have been located at the twin hills (which may explain the dual form of the name) of Ras ez Zemara, which suggests Abijah was advancing along a secondary route to avoid initial detection or fortifications along the main Central Ridge Route. There Abijah calls upon Jeroboam and all Israel to return to the leadership of David and Aaron. While Abijah is making his appeal, however, Jeroboam positions some of his forces in ambush behind Abijah’s forces, but Abijah’s men win a great victory over them and capture the towns of Bethel, Jeshanah, and Ephron (also called Ophrah). The writer of Chronicles notes that Abijah’s forces were victorious “because they relied on the Lord” and that Jeroboam never recovered from his weakened power for the rest of his reign, while Abijah grew strong (though Abijah’s reign was only for three years).
