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Key: khaki:verbs.
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BrLXXΚαὶ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἔλαβον εὐνοῦχον ἕνα, ὅς ἦν ἐπιστάτης τῶν ἀνδρῶν τῶν πολεμιστῶν, καὶ πέντε ἄνδρας τῶν ὁρώντων τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ βασιλέως τοὺς εὑρεθέντας ἐν τῇ πόλει, καὶ τὸν γραμματέα τοῦ ἄρχοντος τῆς δυνάμεως τὸν ἐκτάσσοντα τὸν λαὸν τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἑξήκοντα ἄνδρας τοῦ λαοῦ τῆς γῆς τοὺς εὑρεθέντας ἐν τῇ πόλει. (Kai ek taʸs poleōs elabon eunouⱪon hena, hos aʸn epistataʸs tōn andrōn tōn polemistōn, kai pente andras tōn horōntōn to prosōpon tou basileōs tous heurethentas en taʸ polei, kai ton grammatea tou arⱪontos taʸs dunameōs ton ektassonta ton laon taʸs gaʸs, kai hexaʸkonta andras tou laou taʸs gaʸs tous heurethentas en taʸ polei. )
BrTrAnd they took out of the city one eunuch who was commander of the men of war, and five men that saw the face of the king, that were found in the city, and the secretary of the commander-in-chief, who took account of the people of the land, and sixty men of the people of the land that were found in the city.
ULTAnd from the city he took one eunuch, because he was an inspector over the men of the war, and five men from those who saw the face of the king who were found in the city and the scribe, the official of the host, the one who drafted the people of the land and 60 men from the people of the land who were found in the city.
USTFrom the people who were still left in Jerusalem, he took one officer from the Judean army, five of the king’s advisors, the chief secretary of the army commander who was in charge of recruiting men to join the army, and sixty other important Judean men.
BSBOf those still in the city, he took a court official who had been appointed over the men of war, as well as five royal advisors. He also took the scribe of the captain of the army, who had enlisted the people of the land, and sixty men who were found in the city.
WEBBEand out of the city he took an officer who was set over the men of war; and five men of those who saw the king’s face, who were found in the city; and the scribe, the captain of the army, who mustered the people of the land, and sixty men of the people of the land who were found in the city.
NETFrom the city he took a eunuch who was in charge of the soldiers, five of the king’s advisers who were discovered in the city, an official army secretary who drafted citizens for military service, and sixty citizens from the people of the land who were discovered in the city.
LSVand he has taken out of the city a certain eunuch who is appointed over the men of war, and five men of those seeing the king’s face who have been found in the city, and the head scribe of the host who musters the people of the land, and sixty men of the people of the land who are found in the city;
FBVFrom those left in the city he took the officer in charge of the soldiers, and five of the king's advisors. He also took the secretary to the army commander who was in charge of calling up the people for military service, and sixty other men who were present in the city.
T4TAnd they found people who were still hiding in Jerusalem. From those people he took one officer from the Judean army, five of the king’s advisors, the chief secretary of the army commander who was in charge of recruiting men to join the army, and 60 other important Judean men.
LEBFrom the city he took one court official who was chief officer over the men of war, five men from the king’s council[fn] who were found in the city, the secretary of the commander of the army who mustered the people of the land, and sixty men from the people of the land being found in the city.
25:19Literally “from those who saw the face of the king”
BBEAnd from the town he took the unsexed servant who was over the men of war, and five of the king's near friends who were in the town, and the scribe of the captain of the army, who was responsible for getting the people of the land together in military order, and sixty men of the people of the land who were in the town.
JPSand out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war; and five men of them that saw the king's face, who were found in the city; and the scribe of the captain of the host, who mustered the people of the land; and threescore men of the people of the land, that were found in the city.
ASVand out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war; and five men of them that saw the king’s face, who were found in the city; and the scribe, the captain of the host, who mustered the people of the land; and threescore men of the people of the land, that were found in the city.
DRAAnd out of the city one eunuch, who was captain over the men of war: and five men of them that had stood before the king, whom he found in the city, and Sopher the captain of the army who exercised the young soldiers of the people of the land: and threescore men of the common people, who were found in the city.
YLTand out of the city he hath taken a certain eunuch who is appointed over the men of war, and five men of those seeing the king's face who have been found in the city, and the head scribe of the host, who mustereth the people of the land, and sixty men of the people of the land who are found in the city,
DrbyAnd out of the city he took a chamberlain that was set over the men of war, and five men of them that were in the king's presence, who were found in the city, and the scribe of the captain of the host, who enrolled the people of the land; and sixty men of the people of the land that were found in the city.
RVand out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war; and five men of them that saw the king’s face, which were found in the city; and the scribe, the captain of the host, which mustered the people of the land; and threescore men of the people of the land, that were found in the city.
WbstrAnd out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war, and five men of them that were in the king's presence, who were found in the city, and the principal scribe of the host, who mustered the people of the land, and sixty men of the people of the land that were found in the city:
KJB-1769And out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war, and five men of them that were in the king’s presence, which were found in the city, and the principal scribe of the host, which mustered the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the city:[fn][fn][fn]
25.19principal…: or, scribe of the captain of the host
KJB-1611[fn][fn][fn]And out of the citie hee tooke an Officer, that was set ouer the men of warre, and fiue men of them that were in the kings presence, which were found in the citie, and the principall Scribe of the hoste, which mustered the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the citie. (And out of the city he took an Officer, that was set over the men of war, and five men of them that were in the kings presence, which were found in the city, and the principall Scribe of the host, which mustered the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the city.)
BshpsAnd out of the citie he toke a chamberlayne that had the ouersight of the men of warre, & fiue men of them that were euer in the kinges presence which were founde in the citie, and him that was scribe to the captaine of the hoast which brought out the people of the lande to warre, and threescore men of the people of the lande that were founde in the citie. (And out of the city he took a chamber/roomlayne that had the oversight of the men of war, and five men of them that were ever in the kings presence which were found in the city, and him that was scribe to the captain of the host which brought out the people of the land to war, and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the city.)
GnvaAnd out of the citie hee tooke an Eunuch that had the ouersight of the men of warre, and fiue men of them that were in the Kinges presence, which were founde in the citie, and Sopher captaine of the hoste, who mustred the people of the lande, and threescore men of the people of the lande, that were founde in the citie. (And out of the city he took an Eunuch that had the oversight of the men of war, and five men of them that were in the Kinges presence, which were found in the city, and Sopher captain of the host, who mustred the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of the land, that were found in the city. )
Cvdland one chamberlayne out of the cite, which was appoynted ouer ye men of warre: and fyue men that were euer before the kynge, which were founde in the cite: and Sophar the captayne, which taught the people of ye londe to fighte: and thre score men of ye people of the londe, that were founde in the cite: (and one chamber/roomlayne out of the city, which was appointed over ye/you_all men of war: and five men that were ever before the king, which were found in the city: and Sophar the captain, which taught the people of ye/you_all land to fight: and three score men of ye/you_all people of the land, that were found in the city:)
Wycland thre porteris, and oon onest seruaunt of the citee, that was a souereyn ouer men werriours, and fyue men `of hem that stoden bifor the king, whiche he foond in the citee; and he took Sopher, the prince of the oost, that preuide yonge knyytis, `ether men able to batel, of the puple of the lond, and sixe men of the comyns, that weren foundyn in the citee; (and three porteris, and one onest servant of the city, that was a souereyn over men werriours, and five men `of them that stood before the king, which he found in the city; and he took Sopher, the prince of the host, that preuide young knyytis, `ether men able to battle, of the people of the land, and six men of the commons, that were foundyn in the city;)
Luthund einen Kämmerer aus der Stadt, der gesetzt war über die Kriegsmänner, und fünf Männer, die stets vor dem Könige waren, die in der Stadt funden wurden, und Sopher, den Feldhauptmann, der das Volk im Lande kriegen lehrete, und sechzig Mann vom Volk auf dem Lande, die in der Stadt funden wurden: (and a Kämmerer out_of the/of_the city, the/of_the sett what/which above the Kriegsmänner, and five men, the stets before/in_front_of to_him kings/king were, the in the/of_the city funden wurden, and Sopher, the Feldhauptmann, the/of_the the people in_the land kriegen lehrete, and sechzig man from_the people on to_him land, the in the/of_the city funden wurden:)
ClVgEt de civitate eunuchum unum, qui erat præfectus super bellatores viros: et quinque viros de his qui steterant coram rege, quos reperit in civitate: et Sopher principem exercitus, qui probabat tyrones de populo terræ: et sexaginta viros e vulgo, qui inventi fuerant in civitate. (And about civitate eunuchum unum, who was præfectus over bellatores men: and quinque men about his who steterant before rege, which reperit in civitate: and Sopher principem exercitus, who probabat tyrones about to_the_people terræ: and sexaginta men e vulgo, who inventi fuerant in civitate. )
25:18-20 Instead of deporting key citizens and officials as in the Babylonian invasion of 597 BC (24:14), Nebuchadnezzar had these leaders put to death. Even religious leaders were executed. • Although Seraiah the high priest was slain, his son Jehozadak was sent into exile (1 Chr 6:15). Thus the priestly line continued even in captivity and later returned to Jerusalem beginning in 538 BC (Ezra 1:1–2:20).
(Some words not found in UHB: and=from the=city he/it_had_taken officer one(ms) which/who he/it in_command on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in men_of the,war and,five men of,ones_seeing_of faces_of the=king which/who found in/on/at/with,city and=DOM the,secretary chief the,army the,mustered DOM people the=earth/land and=sixty (a)_man of,people the=earth/land the,found in/on/at/with,city )
Alternate translation: “captured and kept from escaping”
(Occurrence 0) an officer who was in charge of soldiers
(Some words not found in UHB: and=from the=city he/it_had_taken officer one(ms) which/who he/it in_command on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in men_of the,war and,five men of,ones_seeing_of faces_of the=king which/who found in/on/at/with,city and=DOM the,secretary chief the,army the,mustered DOM people the=earth/land and=sixty (a)_man of,people the=earth/land the,found in/on/at/with,city )
Other translations may read “a eunuch who was in charge of soldiers.” A eunuch is a man whose private parts have been removed.
(Occurrence 0) officer responsible for drafting men into the army
(Some words not found in UHB: and=from the=city he/it_had_taken officer one(ms) which/who he/it in_command on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in men_of the,war and,five men of,ones_seeing_of faces_of the=king which/who found in/on/at/with,city and=DOM the,secretary chief the,army the,mustered DOM people the=earth/land and=sixty (a)_man of,people the=earth/land the,found in/on/at/with,city )
This could mean: (1) the officer forced men to become soldiers or (2) the officer wrote down the names of the men who became soldiers.
One of the most significant events in the story of the Old Testament is the exile of Judah to Babylon in 586 B.C. This event–actually the third in a series of exiles to Babylon (the others occurring in 605 B.C. and 597 B.C.)–precipitated several crises in the nation and in Judaism. The northern kingdom of Israel had already been exiled to Assyria over a century earlier in 722 B.C. (2 Kings 15:29; 17:1-6; 1 Chronicles 5:26; see also “Israelites Are Exiled to Assyria” map), and in some ways that exile was even more devastating. Nevertheless, the Temple of the Lord remained intact in Jerusalem as a place where the faithful could continue to offer their sacrifices. With the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple of the Lord at the hands of the Babylonians, however, sacrifices could no longer be offered at the Tabernacle or Temple of the Lord (Leviticus 17:2-4; Deuteronomy 12:5-7), and the Lord’s promise to provide a land for his people and a descendant on the throne of David no doubt seemed abandoned. At the same time, however, the Judean exiles were allowed to maintain their religious traditions in Babylon, and many even began to thrive there, including Daniel and his friends, who served at the royal court (Daniel 1; see also “The Land of Exile” map). One of the last kings of Babylon expanded Babylonia further by capturing the desert oases of Dumah, Tema, Dedan, and Yathrib (see “Oases of the Arabian Desert” map), but eventually the Median Empire to the north merged with the Persian Empire to the southeast and conquered the Babylonian Empire. King Cyrus of Persia then decreed that the exiled Judeans, now called “Jews,” could return to their homeland if they desired (2 Chronicles 36:22-23; Ezra 1-2; see also “Jews Return from Exile” map).
Temple of the Lord
The Temple of the Lord in Jerusalem, where all Israelite males were commanded to offer sacrifices to the Lord (Exodus 23:14-19; Deuteronomy 16:16-17), underwent several stages of reconstruction and development over hundreds of years. The first Temple was built by King Solomon to replace the aging Tabernacle, and it was constructed on a threshing floor on high ground on the north side of the city (2 Samuel 24; 1 Chronicles 21). Hundreds of years later King Hezekiah expanded the platform surrounding the Temple. When Jerusalem fell to the Babylonians in 586 B.C., the Temple was completely destroyed (2 Kings 25:1-21; 2 Chronicles 36:17-21; Jeremiah 39:1-10; 52:1-30). It was rebuilt in 515 B.C. after a group of Jews returned to Judea from exile in Babylon (Ezra 1:5-6:15; Nehemiah 7:5-65). Herod the Great completely rebuilt and expanded the Temple once again around 20 B.C., making it one of the largest temples in the Roman world. Jesus’ first believers often met together in Solomon’s Colonnade, a columned porch that encircled the Temple Mount, perhaps carrying on a tradition started by Jesus himself (John 10:23; Acts 3:11; 5:12). But Herod’s Temple did not last long: After many Jews revolted against Rome, the Romans eventually recaptured Jerusalem and destroyed the Temple in A.D. 70.
Nebuchadnezzar’s Final Campaign against Judah
2 Kings 23:19-25:30; Jeremiah 39
The final collapse of the southern kingdom of Judah as an independent nation came at the hands of King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon in 586 B.C. Judah had already become a vassal of Egypt in 609 B.C. when King Josiah was killed by Pharaoh Neco at Megiddo (see “Josiah Battles Neco” map). Then in 605 B.C., after Egypt and Assyria were defeated by Nebuchadnezzar at Carchemish, Judah’s vassal loyalty transferred to Babylon. At that time, some of the Judean nobility were sent into exile, including Daniel and his friends (Daniel 1:1-7). Several years later in 597 B.C. a second exile occurred in retaliation for King Jehoiakim’s refusal to continue paying tribute to Babylon, and this likely included the prophet Ezekiel (Ezekiel 1:1-3). Finally, in 586 B.C. Nebuchadnezzar conquered many of the fortified towns throughout Judah and destroyed Jerusalem and the Temple after King Zedekiah refused to submit to his Babylonian overlords any longer. Nebuchadnezzar began this campaign into Judah by heading south along the Great Trunk Road and dividing his forces near Aphek, sending some of them to Jerusalem from the north and others from the southwest. At some point during his siege of Jerusalem, King Hophra of Egypt advanced toward Judah to support Judah’s rebellion against Babylon, and Nebuchadnezzar lifted the siege to confront Hophra (Jeremiah 37:5-8). It is unclear exactly what transpired between Hophra’s forces and Nebuchadnezzar’s forces, but apparently Hophra’s forces returned to Egypt, and Nebuchadnezzar’s forces returned to finish besieging Jerusalem. When the Babylonians finally breached the main northern wall, it became clear that all hope was lost, and King Zedekiah and his sons fled on horseback through a gate at the southeastern corner of Jerusalem (see “Jerusalem during the Early Old Testament” map). They followed the Ascent of Adummim toward Jericho, perhaps seeking to escape to Ammon, but the Babylonians captured Zedekiah and his sons on the plains of Jericho and sent them to Riblah. There they killed Zedekiah’s sons, blinded Zedekiah, and sent him to Babylon to die in exile. After completely destroying Jerusalem and the Temple, the Babylonians sent many other Judean nobles and their families to Babylon (see “Judah Is Exiled to Babylon” map) and appointed a Judean named Gedaliah as governor over the region at Mizpah, thus bringing an end to the independent kingdom of Judah. Around this time it also appears that the Edomites took advantage of Judah’s vulnerable situation and captured territory for themselves in the Negev. In response, the prophets Obadiah and Ezekiel pronounced blistering curses upon the Edomites (Obadiah 1:1-21; Ezekiel 25:12-14).
