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Luke 23 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43 V45 V47 V49 V51 V53 V55

OET interlinear LUKE 23:12

◄ ← LUKE 23:12 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ὄντες
    2. eimi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VPPA·NMP
    7. being
    8. being
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60325
    1. ἐγένοντο
    2. ginomai
    3. became
    4. became
    5. 10960
    6. VIAM3··P
    7. became
    8. became
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60326
    1. ἐγένετο
    2. ginomai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 10960
    6. VIAM3··S
    7. became
    8. became
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60327
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. then
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 60328
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60329
    1. ἀηδίᾳ
    2. aēdia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 1085
    6. N····DFS
    7. disgust
    8. disgust
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60330
    1. φιλοῖ
    2. filos
    3. friends
    4. friends
    5. 53840
    6. S····NMP
    7. friends
    8. friends
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60331
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60332
    1. τέ
    2. te
    3. both
    4. -
    5. 50370
    6. C·······
    7. both
    8. both
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60333
    1. Ἡρῴδης
    2. ērōdēs
    3. Haʸrōdaʸs
    4. Herod
    5. 22640
    6. N····NMS
    7. Haʸrōdaʸs
    8. Herod
    9. U
    10. Y33; F60348; F60349; F60355
    11. 60334
    1. Πιλᾶτος
    2. pilatos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 40910
    6. N····NMS
    7. Pilatos
    8. Pilate
    9. U
    10. F60348; F60349; F60355
    11. 60335
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. and
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60336
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60337
    1. Πιλᾶτος
    2. pilatos
    3. Pilatos
    4. Pilate
    5. 40910
    6. N····NMS
    7. Pilatos
    8. Pilate
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 60338
    1. Ἡρῴδης
    2. ērōdēs
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 22640
    6. N····NMS
    7. Haʸrōdaʸs
    8. Herod
    9. U
    10. -
    11. 60339
    1. ἐγένοντο
    2. ginomai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 10960
    6. VIAM3··P
    7. became
    8. became
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60340
    1. φιλοῖ
    2. filos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 53840
    6. S····NMP
    7. friends
    8. friends
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60341
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60342
    1. ἐκείνη
    2. ekeinos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15650
    6. E····NFS
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60343
    1. αὐτῇ
    2. autos
    3. same
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. E····DFS
    7. same
    8. same
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60346
    11. 60344
    1. τῇ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60345
    1. ἡμέρᾳ
    2. hēmera
    3. day
    4. day
    5. 22500
    6. N····DFS
    7. day
    8. day
    9. -
    10. Y33; F60344
    11. 60346
    1. μετʼ
    2. meta
    3. with
    4. -
    5. 33260
    6. P·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60347
    1. ἀλλήλων
    2. allēlōn
    3. one another
    4. -
    5. 2400
    6. R····GMP
    7. one_another
    8. one_another
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60334; R60335
    11. 60348
    1. προϋπῆρχον
    2. prouparχō
    3. they were previously starting
    4. -
    5. 43910
    6. VIIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ previously_starting
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ previously_starting
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60334; R60335
    11. 60349
    1. προϋπῆρχεν
    2. prouparχō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 43910
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ previously_starting
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ previously_starting
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60350
    1. προυπηρχοντο
    2. prouparχō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 43910
    6. VIIM3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ previously_starting
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ previously_starting
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60351
    1. γάρ
    2. gar
    3. because/for
    4. -
    5. 10630
    6. C·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60352
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. at
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. at
    8. at
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60353
    1. ἔχθρᾳ
    2. eχthra
    3. enmity
    4. -
    5. 21890
    6. N····DFS
    7. enmity
    8. enmity
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60354
    1. ὄντες
    2. eimi
    3. being
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VPPA·NMP
    7. being
    8. being
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60334; R60335
    11. 60355
    1. πρός
    2. pros
    3. with
    4. -
    5. 43140
    6. P·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60356
    1. αὐτούς
    2. autos
    3. themselves
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMP
    7. themselves
    8. themselves
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60357
    1. ἑαυτούς
    2. heautou
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14380
    6. R···3AMP
    7. themselves
    8. themselves
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 60358

OET (OET-LV) And on same the day the both Haʸrōdaʸs and the Pilatos became friends with one_another, because/for they_were_previously_starting being at enmity with themselves.

OET (OET-RV) After that day, Herod and Pilate became friends with each other. (Before then they’d opposed each other.)

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 22:66–23:25: Leaders put Jesus on trial and condemned him to die

Luke indicates that Jesus had several trials. These trials can also be considered to be several parts of the same trial. Luke recorded the details of four of these trials. The chart here lists them according to who was leading at each trial:

22:66–71

the Jewish council

23:1–5

Pilate

23:6–12

Herod

23:13–25

Pilate again

In all of Jesus’ trials, there was no one who could prove that Jesus had broken any law of God or man. However, even though he had not done anything wrong, the Roman governor Pilate sentenced him to die on a cross.

The Notes suggest a section heading for each of the trials in the chart. However, you may decide to have one heading for Section Group 22:66–23:25 like the one suggested in the Section Group box above. Another example of a heading for this section group is:

The leaders tried and condemned Jesus

23:12a–b

That day Herod and Pilate became friends; before this time they had been enemies: This verse tells about a change in the way Herod and Pilate acted toward each other. Before Herod and Pilate had to judge Jesus, they were enemies. They did not cooperate with each other. After Herod returned Jesus to Pilate for judgment, Pilate and Herod became friends. The clause in 23:12a is the result of what happened on That day when Herod sent Jesus back to Pilate (23:11d).

Some other ways to translate this connection are:

So Herod and Pilate became friends that day. They had been enemies before this. (GW)

That same day Herod and Pilate became friends, even though they had been enemies before this. (CEV)

On that day Herodes and Pilatus made peace, whereas before they disagreed.Uma back translation on TW.

In some languages it may be more natural to change the order of clauses in this verse. See the General Comment on 23:12a–b below for an example.

23:12a

That day Herod and Pilate became friends;

That day: The phrase That day refers to the day when Herod sent Jesus back to Pilate. In this verse the phrase is emphatic. Some ways to translate the emphasis in English are:

On that very day (GNT)

That same day (CEV)

Refer to that day in a natural way in your language.

became friends: Here the word friends is used about political rulers. In that context, friends refers to rulers who cooperate with each other as they rule their people. It does not refer to people who like each other and help each other in private ways. Some ways to translate became friends in this context are:

became allies

were reconciled

began to cooperate with each other

23:12b

before this time they had been enemies.

before this time: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as before this literally means “previously.” It refers to the time before Herod sent Jesus back to Pilate. Refer to that previous time in a natural way in your language.

they had been enemies: In this context the word enemies refers to rulers who do not cooperate with each other. They oppose each other because of political reasons. The word does not imply that Herod and Pilate were at war. It also does not imply that they wanted to kill each other or hurt each other physically or by spiritual means.

Use a natural way in your language to refer to a political rival. Some ways to do this in English are:

they opposed each other

they were political rivals

they were not peaceful toward each otherWestern Bukidnon Manobo back translation on TW.

General Comment on 23:12a–b

In some languages it may be necessary to reverse the order of 23:12a and 23:12b. For example:

23bAnd though Herod and Pilate had been enemies before, 12athey were reconciled that same day. (NJB)

12bIn the past, Pilate and Herod had always been enemies, 12abut on that day they became friends. (NCV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐγένοντο & φίλοι ὅ τε Ἡρῴδης καὶ ὁ Πειλᾶτος ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ μετ’ ἀλλήλων

became & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐγένοντο Δέ φιλοῖ ὁ τέ Ἡρῴδης καί ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ μετʼ ἀλλήλων προϋπῆρχον γάρ ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρός αὐτούς)

Luke does not say specifically why these two men became friends. This could mean: (1) Pilate had shown Herod courtesy by respecting his jurisdiction over Jesus. Alternate translation: [Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day because Pilate had respectfully sent Jesus to Herod to judge him] (2) they realized that they agreed in their opinion about Jesus. They both felt that he was not guilty of doing wrong, but they also felt they could mistreat him as a way of asserting their power and authority over someone the people considered a leader. Alternate translation: [Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day because they had both responded to Jesus in the same way]

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

προϋπῆρχον γὰρ ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρὸς αὑτούς

˱they˲_˓were˒_previously_starting (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐγένοντο Δέ φιλοῖ ὁ τέ Ἡρῴδης καί ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ μετʼ ἀλλήλων προϋπῆρχον γάρ ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρός αὐτούς)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could put this clause first in the verse, as UST does, since it gives the reason for the results that the rest of the verse describes. These two men had to become friends because they had not been friends previously. Alternate translation, as the beginning of the verse, replacing “Then”: [Before this Herod and Pilate had been enemies, but now]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

23:12 Herod and Pilate, who had been enemies before: There was a history of bad blood between Herod Antipas and Pilate. Herod and three of his brothers had previously brought charges against Pilate before Tiberius Caesar when Pilate set up idolatrous golden shields in Jerusalem, and Tiberius had ordered Pilate to remove the shields. Pilate was also governing Judea, which Antipas’s father, Herod the Great, had once ruled, and which Antipas hoped one day to claim as his own.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. then
    3. 11610
    4. S
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 60328
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60342
    1. same
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. E-····DFS
    7. same
    8. same
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60346
    11. 60344
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60345
    1. day
    2. day
    3. 22500
    5. hēmera
    6. N-····DFS
    7. day
    8. day
    9. -
    10. Y33; F60344
    11. 60346
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60332
    1. both
    2. -
    3. 50370
    5. te
    6. C-·······
    7. both
    8. both
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60333
    1. Haʸrōdaʸs
    2. Herod
    3. 22640
    4. U
    5. ērōdēs
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Haʸrōdaʸs
    8. Herod
    9. U
    10. Y33; F60348; F60349; F60355
    11. 60334
    1. and
    2. and
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60336
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60337
    1. Pilatos
    2. Pilate
    3. 40910
    4. U
    5. pilatos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Pilatos
    8. Pilate
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 60338
    1. became
    2. became
    3. 10960
    5. ginomai
    6. V-IAM3··P
    7. became
    8. became
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60326
    1. friends
    2. friends
    3. 53840
    5. filos
    6. S-····NMP
    7. friends
    8. friends
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60331
    1. with
    2. -
    3. 33260
    5. meta
    6. P-·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60347
    1. one another
    2. -
    3. 2400
    5. allēlōn
    6. R-····GMP
    7. one_another
    8. one_another
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60334; R60335
    11. 60348
    1. because/for
    2. -
    3. 10630
    5. gar
    6. C-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60352
    1. they were previously starting
    2. -
    3. 43910
    5. prouparχō
    6. V-IIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ previously_starting
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ previously_starting
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60334; R60335
    11. 60349
    1. being
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-PPA·NMP
    7. being
    8. being
    9. -
    10. Y33; R60334; R60335
    11. 60355
    1. at
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. at
    8. at
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60353
    1. enmity
    2. -
    3. 21890
    5. eχthra
    6. N-····DFS
    7. enmity
    8. enmity
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60354
    1. with
    2. -
    3. 43140
    5. pros
    6. P-·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60356
    1. themselves
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AMP
    7. themselves
    8. themselves
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 60357

OET (OET-LV) And on same the day the both Haʸrōdaʸs and the Pilatos became friends with one_another, because/for they_were_previously_starting being at enmity with themselves.

OET (OET-RV) After that day, Herod and Pilate became friends with each other. (Before then they’d opposed each other.)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← LUKE 23:12 ↑ → ► ║ ©