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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Luke C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24
Luke 23 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43 V45 V47 V51 V53 V55
OET (OET-LV) And all the acquaintances to_him had_stood from afar, and the_women who accompanying with_him from the Galilaia/(Gālīl), seeing these things.
OET (OET-RV) Yeshua’s acquaintances had stood further back, along with the women who have accompanied him from Galilee, and they too saw it all.
While Jesus was on the cross, it became dark. The curtain in the temple ripped into two pieces. Jesus gave his spirit up to God his Father and died. One of the Roman soldiers saw and heard all that happened. As a result, he believed that Jesus was a righteous man. When the people saw that, they were sorry that Jesus was crucified. The way Jesus lived and the way he died showed many people that he was an innocent man. Examples of other headings for this section are:
The Death of Jesus (GNT)
Jesus died
Parallel passages for this section are in Matthew 27:45–56, Mark 15:33–41, and John 19:28–30.
But all those who knew Jesus,
But all Jesus’ friends
The people who knew Jesus well did not leave with them.
But all those who knew Jesus: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as But can also be translated as “And.” However, here it probably introduces a contrast between the people who went away in 23:48 and the people who knew Jesus. Some English versions do not have a conjunction here. Introduce the people who knew Jesus in a natural way in your language.
all those who knew Jesus: The phrase all those who knew Jesus refers to the people who knew Jesus personally. They were friends who were there at the crucifixion. Some other ways to translate the phrase are:
All his friends (GW)
All those who knew Jesus personally (GNT)
all his acquaintances (RSV)
The word all does not imply that every friend of Jesus was there. It distinguishes this group of friends from the other people there. One way to make this clear in English is:
His friends had all been standing at a distance (REB)
In some languages it may be more natural not to include the word all here. For example:
those who were close friends of Jesus (NCV)
Jesus’ friends (NLT)
including the women who had followed Him from Galilee,
and the women who came with him from Galilee,
Among them were some women who accompanied him to Jerusalem from the region/province of Galilee.
including the women: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as including the women is literally “and the women.” It implies that the women were among the other people there who knew Jesus well.
Connect this phrase with 23:49a in a natural way in your language. In some languages it is not appropriate to refer to women as “close friends” of a male leader. Your translation should not imply an immoral relationship.
In some languages it may be natural to change the order of clauses in this verse. See the General Comment on 23:49a–c below for an example.
who had followed Him from Galilee: This phrase refers to women who had been with Jesus in Galilee. (See 8:2–3.) They had come with him and his other followers to Jerusalem. Some other ways to translate the phrase are:
who had come with him from Galilee (CEV)
who had accompanied him from Galilee (REB)
stood at a distance watching these things.
stood some distance away and watched what happened.
These people continued to watch from a distance.
stood at a distance: The phrase stood at a distance indicates that Jesus’ friends were standing some distance away from Jesus. They were close enough to see and hear what happened, but they were not very near him. Probably the soldiers kept friends from coming too near. Describe this distance in a natural way in your language.
watching these things: The phrase watching these things indicates here that Jesus’ friends and the women were watching all that was happening. They saw it and paid attention to it. Another way to translate the phrase is:
seeing/watching what was happening
In some languages it may be more natural to reorder the information in this verse. For example:
49aBut all those who had known Jesus personally 49cstood at a distance and watched what happened. 49bAmong them were the women who had followed him from Galilee.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
πάντες οἱ γνωστοὶ αὐτῷ
all the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἱστήκεισαν Δέ πάντες οἱ γνωστοί αὐτῷ ἀπό μακρόθεν καί γυναῖκες αἱ συνακολουθοῦσαι αὐτῷ ἀπό τῆς Γαλιλαίας ὁρῶσαι ταῦτα)
Luke is using the adjective acquainted as a noun in order to indicate a group of people. ULT adds the term ones to show this. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: [all the people who knew Jesus]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
πάντες οἱ γνωστοὶ αὐτῷ
all the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἱστήκεισαν Δέ πάντες οἱ γνωστοί αὐτῷ ἀπό μακρόθεν καί γυναῖκες αἱ συνακολουθοῦσαι αὐτῷ ἀπό τῆς Γαλιλαίας ὁρῶσαι ταῦτα)
These means implicitly all the people in the crowd that had come to watch the crucifixion who knew Jesus. It does not mean the disciples, since they had fled and were hiding. Rather, it means other people in Jerusalem who knew Jesus personally, which could include people such as the ones who lent him the colt in [19:30–33](../19/30.md) and the one who provided the room for the Passover meal in [22:11–13](../22/11.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: [all the people in the crowd who knew Jesus]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
γυναῖκες αἱ συνακολουθοῦσαι αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας
˓the˒_women who accompanying ˱with˲_him (Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἱστήκεισαν Δέ πάντες οἱ γνωστοί αὐτῷ ἀπό μακρόθεν καί γυναῖκες αἱ συνακολουθοῦσαι αὐτῷ ἀπό τῆς Γαλιλαίας ὁρῶσαι ταῦτα)
Here, followed does not have the figurative meaning of “became a disciple.” Rather, the implication is that the women whom Luke describes in [8:2–3](../08/02.md), who accompanied Jesus and his disciples and provided for them out of their own means, had traveled with the group here to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: [the women who helped Jesus and his disciples, who had traveled with him from Galilee]
ταῦτα
these_‹things›
Alternate translation: [what happened]
OET (OET-LV) And all the acquaintances to_him had_stood from afar, and the_women who accompanying with_him from the Galilaia/(Gālīl), seeing these things.
OET (OET-RV) Yeshua’s acquaintances had stood further back, along with the women who have accompanied him from Galilee, and they too saw it all.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.
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