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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN (JHN) MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Luke C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24
Luke 9 V1 V4 V7 V10 V13 V16 V19 V25 V28 V31 V34 V37 V40 V43 V46 V49 V52 V55 V58 V61
OET (OET-LV) having_said, that It_is_fitting the son of_ the _man to_suffer many things, and to_be_rejected by the elders, and chief_priests, and scribes, and to_be_killed_off and on_the third day to_be_raised.
OET (OET-RV) saying, “Humanity’s child is destined to suffer many things and to be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the religious teachers, and then to be executed and to be brought back to life on the third day.”
In Section 9:7–9, Herod was confused about what kind of person Jesus was. In Section 9:10–17, when Jesus fed more than five thousand people, he showed that he was someone with miraculous power. In this Section, 9:18–22, Jesus asked his disciples what people were saying about who he was. This question implies that he wanted to know whether people thought that God had sent him. He also wanted to know what they thought his mission was. Their answers were very similar to the reports that Herod had heard in 9:7–9.
Jesus then asked the disciples what they themselves thought about him. Peter replied that Jesus was the Christ, the Messiah. Jesus ordered them not to tell others who he was. He explained to the disciples what would happen to him as the Messiah. In contrast to what the disciples thought that Jesus would do as their Messiah, God planned for him to suffer, die, and live again.
It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it. Some other headings for this section are:
Peter’s declaration that Jesus was the Messiah
Peter stated his belief about who Jesus was
There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 16:13–16 and Mark 8:27–30.
“The Son of Man must suffer many things,” He said.
And he said/explained, “It is necessary that the Son of Man suffer much/greatly.
Then he added/said, “I, the Son of Man, must endure great/much suffering.
“The Son of Man must suffer many things,” He said: The Greek word that the BSB translates as He said is literally “having-said.” Another way to translate this is:
saying (NRSV)
This form of the word probably indicates that Jesus’ next statement about the Son of Man is an explanation of his warning in 9:21.Commentators who hold this view include TH, Geldenhuys, and Green. Green’s explanation (p. 370) is especially helpful. Jesus did not want the disciples to tell people about his identity, because his disciples did not yet fully understand what this identity implied. Also, it was not yet the proper time for the disciples to publicly announce Jesus’ identity as the Christ/Messiah.
Many English versions begin a new sentence at the start of this verse, as the BSB does.
The Son of Man: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as The Son of Man is literally “the Son of the human/person.” It is a title that Jesus often used to refer to himself. It implies that:
he was a true human being, and he represented all people
he came from God and had authority from God
Some ways to translate this title are:
the Man whom God Sent
the True Man from God/Heaven
the Representative of Mankind
The Older Brother of All People
In some languages it may be necessary to indicate explicitly that Jesus was referring to himself here. For example:
I, the Son of Man
This term first occurs in Luke at 5:24a.
must: The Greek word that the BSB translates as must applies to all the following verbs in this verse: “suffer,” “be rejected,” “be killed,” and “be raised.” The verb indicates that it was necessary for all these things to happen. It is implied from other verses that it was necessary because God had planned for them to happen. Be sure to indicate that in some way in your language.
suffer many things: In this context the Greek word that the BSB translates as many things indicates that Jesus would have to suffer in various ways. It also implies that the suffering was terrible and was not just for a short time. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:
suffer a lot (GW)
undergo many sufferings
suffer many terrible things (NLT)
“He must be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes,
The Jewish elders/rulers, the leading priests, and the teachers of the law must/will reject him,
The leaders of the Jewish people, the leaders of the priests, and the experts in the law must/will refuse to accept me as the Messiah.
He must be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes: The clause be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes is passive. If it is more natural in your language to use an active verb, you could say:
and the elders, chief priests, and teachers of the law must reject him/me
be rejected: To be rejected means to be “judged by someone as being unworthy or unfit and thus not accepted.” In this verse it indicates that the groups of Jewish leaders would refuse to accept Jesus as their Messiah.
by the elders, chief priests, and scribes: These three groups together represented all the leaders of the Jews.
elders: The elders were respected leaders in the community. They were not necessarily religious leaders. They were generally older men.
In some cultures a term such as “old men” may not imply that the men were leaders. If that is true in your language, you may need to use a different term. Some other ways to translate this are:
leaders
important men
leading men among the people
The term elders also occurs at 7:3b.
chief priests: A Jewish priest was a man who offered sacrifices to God on behalf of the people. He also performed other rituals for them. The phrase chief priests refers to the leaders among these priests. Some ways to translate chief priests are:
the leading/ruling priests
the elders among the Jewish sacrificers
the most prominent priests
See also priest in the Glossary.
scribes: The Greek word that the BSB translates as scribes refers to men who studied, interpreted, and taught the Law of Moses. This was their most important work at the time of Jesus. The original work of these men was to copy the laws of Moses by hand. But in New Testament times, this was no longer their main task, and so this word is sometimes translated as “teachers of the law,” as in the NIV.
Some ways to translate this term are:
teachers of the Law of Moses (CEV)
teachers of religious law
experts in the law (NET)
Before you decide how to translate this term, see the note on “expert in the law” in 10:25a. That is the BSB’s translation of a different Greek word. Both words have the same meaning and refer to the same group of men. It is recommended that you translate both terms in the same way.
See also teacher of the law and expert in the law in the Glossary.
and He must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.”
and he must also be put to death and be made alive again on the third day.”
It is also necessary that people will kill me, but three days after I die, God will cause me to live again.”
He must be killed: This is a passive clause. The pronoun He refers to Jesus as the Son of Man, and the focus is still on him. If it is more natural in your language to use an active verb here, you can supply a general subject and say:
people must kill him
killed: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as killed means “to cause a person to die.” In this context people would kill or execute Jesus. Use an appropriate verb for this in your language. For example:
put to death (GNT, NJB)
and on the third day: The phrase on the third day refers to the third day after Jesus died. The Jews counted any part of a day as a whole day. The day on which Jesus died was counted as one day. The complete day that he was in the tomb was counted as the second day. The part of the day before he rose from the dead was counted as the third day.
be raised to life: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as be raised to life is literally “be raised.” It indicates here that the Son of Man (Jesus) must become alive again after he died. This is a passive phrase. The focus is still on what will happen to the Son of Man.The same verb is used in Matthew 16:21. An active form of a different verb is used in Mark 8:31. Marshall (p. 371) comments that the passive form of the verb used here in Luke gives more emphasis to the idea that God raised Jesus from the dead. However, Luke does not make God explicit as the subject, and the focus of this section is on what will happen to the Son of Man. If it is more natural in your language to use an active form, here are some ways to translate it:
he will rise to life (CEV)
he will live again
God will cause him to live again
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / 123person
δεῖ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
Here Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: [I, the Son of Man, am going to have to suffer many things]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
δεῖ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
See how you translated the title Son of Man in [5:24](../05/24.md). Alternate translation: [I, the Messiah, am going to have to suffer many things]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀρχιερέων, καὶ γραμματέων
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: [and the elders, chief priests, and scribes will reject him] or (if you translated in the first person) [and the elders, chief priests, and scribes will reject me]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [and they will kill him] or (if you translated in the first person) [and they will kill me]
Note 5 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast
καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
The word and at the beginning of this phrase indicates a contrast between what this phrase describes and what the previous phrases described. Alternate translation: [but he will be raised on the third day] or (if you translated in the first person) [but I will be raised on the third day]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [but he will come back to life on the third day] or (if you translated in the first person) [but I will come back to life on the third day]
Note 7 topic: translate-ordinal
καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you can use a cardinal number here. Alternate translation: [but he will come back to life on day three] or (if you translated in the first person) [but I will come back to life on day three]
Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: εἰπών ὅτι Δεῖ τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλά παθεῖν καί ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπό τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καί ἀρχιερέων καί γραμματέων καί ἀποκτανθῆναι καί τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι)
In the idiom of this culture, today was the “first day,” tomorrow was the “second day,” and the day after tomorrow was thethird day. To make sure that this is clear to your readers, you may wish to use a different expression than “the third day” or “day three,” especially if, in your culture, this would mean one day longer than Jesus intends. Otherwise, your readers may be confused when they read later in the book that Jesus died on a Friday and came back to life on a Sunday, if that would be “the second day” or “day two” according to the way your culture reckons time. Alternate translation: [and he will spend the next full day in the grave, but on the day after that, he will come back to life] or (if you translated in the first person) [and I will spend the next full day in the grave, but on the day after that, I will come back to life]
OET (OET-LV) having_said, that It_is_fitting the son of_ the _man to_suffer many things, and to_be_rejected by the elders, and chief_priests, and scribes, and to_be_killed_off and on_the third day to_be_raised.
OET (OET-RV) saying, “Humanity’s child is destined to suffer many things and to be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the religious teachers, and then to be executed and to be brought back to life on the third day.”
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.
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