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OET interlinear MARK 12:40

◄ ← MARK 12:40 ↓ → ► ║ ≡ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. οἱ
    2. ho
    3. the ones
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····NMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33366
    1. κατεσθίοντες
    2. katesthiō
    3. devouring
    4. -
    5. 27190
    6. VPPA·NMP
    7. devouring
    8. devouring
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33341
    11. 33367
    1. κατεσθίουσιν
    2. katesthiō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 27190
    6. VIPA3··P
    7. ˓are˒ devouring
    8. ˓are˒ devouring
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33368
    1. τάς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33369
    1. οἰκίας
    2. oikia
    3. houses
    4. -
    5. 36140
    6. N····AFP
    7. houses
    8. houses
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33370
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33371
    1. χηρῶν
    2. χēra
    3. widows
    4. widows
    5. 55030
    6. N····GFP
    7. widows
    8. widows
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33372
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33373
    1. ὀρφανῶν
    2. orfanos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37370
    6. S····GFP
    7. orphans
    8. orphans
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33374
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33375
    1. προφάσει
    2. profasis
    3. for +a under pretense
    4. -
    5. 43920
    6. N····DFS
    7. ˱for˲ ˓a˒ under_pretense
    8. ˱for˲ ˓a˒ under_pretense
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33376
    1. μακρᾷ
    2. makros
    3. long
    4. long
    5. 31170
    6. A····DFS
    7. long
    8. long
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33377
    1. προσευχόμενοι
    2. proseuχomai
    3. praying
    4. -
    5. 43360
    6. VPPM·NMP
    7. praying
    8. praying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33341
    11. 33378
    1. οἵτινες
    2. hostis
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37480
    6. R····NMP
    7. whoever
    8. whoever
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33379
    1. Οὗτοι
    2. houtos
    3. These
    4. These
    5. 37780
    6. R····NMP
    7. these
    8. these
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 33380
    1. λήμψονται
    2. lambanō
    3. will be receiving
    4. -
    5. 29830
    6. VIFM3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ receiving
    8. ˓will_be˒ receiving
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33381
    1. περισσόν
    2. perissos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 40530
    6. A····ANS
    7. additional
    8. additional
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 33382
    1. περισσότερον
    2. perissoteros
    3. more excessive
    4. -
    5. 40550
    6. A····ANS
    7. more_excessive
    8. more_excessive
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33383
    1. κρίμα
    2. krima
    3. judgement
    4. judgement
    5. 29170
    6. N····ANS
    7. judgement
    8. judgment
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33384

OET (OET-LV) the ones devouring the houses of_the widows, and praying long for_a_under_pretense.
These will_be_receiving more_excessive judgement.

OET (OET-RV) These people trick widows out of their properties, but offer long prayers to cover it up. They will be getting a stricter judgement than others.”

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:38–40: Jesus warned the people about the teachers of the law

In this section Jesus continued to teach people in the temple courtyard. He warned the people about the teachers of the law (or “scribes”). He told them that the scribes were very proud. They wanted people to notice them and to admire and praise them. Jesus warned the people not to follow the bad example of these scribes or act the way they acted.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Jesus denounces the teachers of the law

Beware of the Scribes (ESV)

There are parallel passages for Mark 12:38–40 in Matthew 23:1–8 and Luke 20:45–47.

12:40

There is a contrast in this verse. The scribes cheated widows. Then these same scribes prayed long prayers to impress people. Express this contrast clearly in your language. For example:

They rob widows by taking their houses and then say long prayers to make themselves look good. (GW)

But they shamelessly cheat widows out of their property, and then, to cover up the kind of people they really are, they make long prayers in public. (NLT96)

12:40a

They defraud widows of their houses,

They defraud widows of their houses: The clause that the BSB translates as They defraud widows of their houses is literally “they devour widows’ houses.” This is a Greek idiom. The idiom means that the scribes often tried to get as much money as they could from widows. They probably persuaded the widows to give them generous gifts. They used their status as scribes for their own profit, and this resulted in harm for some poor widows.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

They take advantage of widows and rob them of their homes (GNT)

They rob widows by taking their houses.

But they shamelessly cheat widows out of their property. (NLT96)

widows:Women whose husbands have died are called widows.

houses: The word houses is a figure of speech. It includes not only the homes of the widows, but their money and other possessions too.

12:40b

and for a show make lengthy prayers.

and for a show make lengthy prayers: The Greek word that the BSB translates as show means “pretense.” The scribes were pretending to be righteous and to love God. They prayed long prayers in public so that people would hear them. The teachers did this in order to impress people so that the people would think that the teachers were righteous.

make lengthy prayers: The Greek word that the BSB translates as make…prayers is literally “praying.” It refers to speaking to God. The phrase make lengthy prayers indicates that when the teachers prayed in public, they prayed for a long time. In some languages it is necessary to translate prayers as a verb. For example:

pray for a long time

Some languages may use different words to refer to specific kinds of prayer, such as requests, thanks, or praise. Here you should use a word or expression that has a general meaning.

12:40c

These men will receive greater condemnation.”

These men will receive greater condemnation: The Greek expression that the BSB translates as These men will receive greater condemnation includes an implied comparison. The clause implies that other people will receive less condemnation. In some languages it may be necessary to make the comparison explicit. For example:

They will be punished more severely than other people.

In some languages it may be necessary to indicate who will punish the scribes. If that is true in your language, you should indicate that God will punish them. For example:

God will punish them more severely than he will punish others.

These men: The Greek word that the BSB translates as These men is literally “these.” It refers to the scribes who cheat widows and make long prayers.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

οἱ κατεσθίοντες τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν

the_‹ones› devouring (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἱ κατεσθίοντες τάς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καί προφάσει μακρᾷ προσευχόμενοι Οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα)

Here Jesus speaks as if the scribes were devouring or eating the houses of widows. He means that they are taking the houses away from the widows. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the ones taking the houses of widows] or [the ones defrauding widows of their houses]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἱ κατεσθίοντες τάς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καί προφάσει μακρᾷ προσευχόμενοι Οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα)

Jesus speaks of the houses of widows to mean their wealth and possessions, which they would have in their houses. If it would be helpful in your language, you state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [everything that widows own]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

προφάσει

˱for˲_˓a˒_under_pretense

Here, the phrase as a pretext could mean: (1) that the scribes and Pharisees are using long prayers to try to look godly. Alternate translation: [in order to seem godly]; (2) that the scribes are Pharisees are using their long prayers to hide or cover up how they devour the houses of widows. Alternate translation: [to cover that up] or [to disguise what they do]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα

˓will_be˒_receiving more_excessive judgment

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of condemnation, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [will be condemned more severely]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

περισσότερον κρίμα

more_excessive judgment

Here Jesus implies that these scribes will receive greater condemnation than they would have if they had not pretended to be godly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [greater condemnation than people who did not pretend to be godly]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

κρίμα

judgment

Jesus is using the word condemnation to mean the punishment that a person would receive after being condemned for doing something wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or use plain language to express the meaning. Alternate translation: [punishment]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. the ones
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33366
    1. devouring
    2. -
    3. 27190
    5. katesthiō
    6. V-PPA·NMP
    7. devouring
    8. devouring
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33341
    11. 33367
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33369
    1. houses
    2. -
    3. 36140
    5. oikia
    6. N-····AFP
    7. houses
    8. houses
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33370
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33371
    1. widows
    2. widows
    3. 55030
    5. χēra
    6. N-····GFP
    7. widows
    8. widows
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33372
    1. and
    2. but
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33373
    1. praying
    2. -
    3. 43360
    5. proseuχomai
    6. V-PPM·NMP
    7. praying
    8. praying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R33341
    11. 33378
    1. long
    2. long
    3. 31170
    5. makros
    6. A-····DFS
    7. long
    8. long
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33377
    1. for +a under pretense
    2. -
    3. 43920
    5. profasis
    6. N-····DFS
    7. ˱for˲ ˓a˒ under_pretense
    8. ˱for˲ ˓a˒ under_pretense
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33376
    1. These
    2. These
    3. 37780
    4. S
    5. houtos
    6. R-····NMP
    7. these
    8. these
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 33380
    1. will be receiving
    2. -
    3. 29830
    5. lambanō
    6. V-IFM3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ receiving
    8. ˓will_be˒ receiving
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33381
    1. more excessive
    2. -
    3. 40550
    5. perissoteros
    6. A-····ANS
    7. more_excessive
    8. more_excessive
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33383
    1. judgement
    2. judgement
    3. 29170
    5. krima
    6. N-····ANS
    7. judgement
    8. judgment
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 33384

OET (OET-LV) the ones devouring the houses of_the widows, and praying long for_a_under_pretense.
These will_be_receiving more_excessive judgement.

OET (OET-RV) These people trick widows out of their properties, but offer long prayers to cover it up. They will be getting a stricter judgement than others.”

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← MARK 12:40 ↑ → ► ║ ≡ ©