PROV 28:15 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Λέων πεινῶν καὶ λύκος διψῶν, ὃς τυραννεῖ, πτωχὸς ὢν, ἔθνους πενιχροῦ.
(Leōn peinōn kai lukos dipsōn, hos turannei, ptōⱪos ōn, ethnous peniⱪrou. )

BrTr A hungry lion and a thirsty wolf is he, who, being poor, rules over a poor nation.

ULT A lion growling and a bear charging
⇔ is a wicked ruler over a lowly people.

UST Wicked people who rule over poor people are as dangerous as
⇔ a roaring lion or attacking bear.

OEB No OEB PROV book available

WEBBE As a roaring lion or a charging bear,
⇔ so is a wicked ruler over helpless people.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Like a roaring lion or a roving bear,
⇔ so is a wicked ruler over a poor people.

LSV A growling lion, and a ranging bear,
[Is] the wicked ruler over a poor people.

FBV A wicked ruler lording it over poor people is like a roaring lion or a charging bear.

T4T ⇔ Wicked people who mistreat poor people whom they rule
⇔ are as dangerous to them as [SIM] a lion roaring at them or a bear springing up to attack them.

LEB • Like a roaring lion and a charging bear is a wicked ruler over a poor people.

BBE Like a loud-voiced lion and a wandering bear, is an evil ruler over a poor people.

Moff A roaring lion, a bear on the prowl--
⇔ such is a tyrant over a poor people.

JPS As a roaring lion, and a ravenous bear; so is a wicked ruler over a poor people.

ASV As a roaring lion, and a ranging bear,
⇔ So is a wicked ruler over a poor people.

DRA As a roaring lion, and a hungry bear, so is a wicked prince over the poor people.

YLT A growling lion, and a ranging bear, [Is] the wicked ruler over a poor people.

Drby A roaring lion, and a ranging bear, is a wicked ruler over a poor people.

RV As a roaring lion, and a ranging bear; so is a wicked ruler over a poor people.

SLT A roaring lion and a greedy bear the unjust one ruling over a poor people.

Wbstr As a roaring lion, and a ranging bear; so is a wicked ruler over the poor people.

KJB-1769 As a roaring lion, and a ranging bear; so is a wicked ruler over the poor people.

KJB-1611 As a roaring lyon and a ranging beare: so is a wicked ruler ouer the poore people.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)

Bshps As a roaring Lion and an hungrye Beare, so is an vngodly prince ouer the poore people.
(As a roaring Lion and an hungrye Bear, so is an ungodly prince over the poor people.)

Gnva As a roaring lyon, and an hungry beare, so is a wicked ruler ouer the poore people.
(As a roaring lion, and an hungry bear, so is a wicked ruler over the poor people. )

Cvdl Like as a roaringe lyon and an hongrie beer, euen so is an vngodly prynce ouer the poore people.
(Like as a roaring lion and an hungry beer, even so is an ungodly prince over the poor people.)

Wycl A rorynge lioun, and an hungry bere, is a wickid prince on a pore puple.
(A roring lion, and an hungry bear, is a wicked prince on a poor people.)

Luth Ein GOttloser, der über ein arm Volk regieret, das ist ein brüllender Löwe und gieriger Bär.
(A godless_one(s), the/of_the above a arm people rules/reigns, the is a roar(v)der lion and gieriger bear.)

ClVg Leo rugiens et ursus esuriens, princeps impius super populum pauperem.
(Leo rugiens and ursus hungry, prince impious/ungodly over the_people the_poor. )

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 25:1–29:27: This is Hezekiah’s collection of Solomon’s proverbs

This section is the second collection of Solomon’s proverbs. These proverbs were organized and copied by men who served King Hezekiah. Most scholars divide this section into two groups. These groups differ in several ways.

The first group (chapters 25–27) has many more comparisons and admonitions. In Hebrew, most of these comparisons are metaphors in which one or more illustrations precede the topic. Some English versions change the order so that the topic precedes the illustration(s). You should follow the order that expresses the meaning naturally and effectively in your language.

In the first group, many proverbs are one verse long. As with the individual proverbs in the main collection of Solomon’s proverbs (Section 10:1–22:16), they are not related to the proverbs around them. Other proverbs in this group are two or more verses long. Still others are one-verse proverbs that are closely related in theme. Proverbs in all three categories will be marked as separate paragraphs.

The second group (chapters 28–29) has more contrastive proverbs. The proverbs in this group are each one verse long. They will not be marked as separate paragraphs.

Some other headings for this section are:

More Proverbs of Solomon (NIV)

Proverbs of Solomon Collected by Hezekiah (NET)

These are also wise things that Solomon said

28:15

This proverb is about a wicked ruler who mistreats the poor, helpless people in his kingdom. He is compared to a roaring lion and a charging bear. In this comparison, the topic (25:15b) follows the illustrations (25:15a).

^15aLike a roaring lion or a charging bear

^15bis a wicked ruler over a helpless people.

Some of the similarities between the wicked ruler and the two animals are:

They are vicious and violent.
They are dangerous and destructive.
They threaten the lives of their victims.
Their victims are helpless.

28:15a–b

(combined/reordered)

When a wicked person rules over poor people, it is as frightening/dangerous as a lion that roars/growls or a hungry bear that attacks.
Poor people cannot defend themselves when a wicked ruler threatens/mistreats them. He is as dangerous as a fierce wild animal.

Like a roaring lion or a charging bear is a wicked ruler over a helpless people: In Hebrew, this comparison is a metaphor. Some ways to translate this metaphor are:

Keep the metaphor. For example:
A roaring lion and a prowling bear is a wicked man ruling a helpless people. (NJPS)
Change the metaphor to a simile. Make explicit one or more of the points of similarity. For example:
What is like a roaring lion and a charging bear? A wicked ruler who threatens poor people.

28:15a

Like a roaring lion or a charging bear

What is as dangerous as a roaring lion or an angry/attacking bear?

a roaring lion: The phrase a roaring lion refers to a lion that roars, growls, or snarls. The point here is that the sound is threatening and produces fear. You should use a term that has this connotation in your language. See how you translated “roar of a lion” in 19:12.

a charging bear: In Hebrew, the phrase a charging bear may refer to a bear that rushes to attack an enemy or victim. It may also refer to a hungry bear that prowls around hunting for food. In both cases, the bear is a dangerous threat to its potential victims. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

a rushing bear (NASB)

a bear hunting for food (CEV)

an attacking bear (NLT)

If a term for “bear” is not well known in your area, you may use a more general phrase. For example:

a fierce/angry wild animal

28:15b

is a wicked ruler over a helpless people.

A wicked ruler who causes hardship/suffering to the poor people in his country.

a helpless people: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates here as helpless is a general word that means “poor.” The same word was last used in 28:3a (where the BSB translates it as “poor”). Some versions translate this word as helpless because poor people are helpless/powerless to defend themselves when a wicked ruler oppresses them. The phrase a…people refers to people as a collective group, such as the people in the country of a ruler. You may translate it as a singular or plural form.

General Comment on 28:15a–b

In some languages, it may be more natural to combine and/or reorder the parts of this comparison. For example:

Poor people are helpless against a wicked ruler; he is as dangerous as a growling lion or a prowling bear. (GNT)

A wicked ruler is as dangerous to the poor as a roaring lion or an attacking bear. (NLT)

A wicked ruler who mistreats poor people is as dangerous as a fierce, wild animal.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

אֲרִי־נֹ֭הֵם וְ⁠דֹ֣ב שׁוֹקֵ֑ק מֹשֵׁ֥ל רָ֝שָׁ֗ע עַ֣ל עַם־דָּֽל

lion roaring and,a_bear charging ruler wicked on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in people poor

If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “A wicked ruler over a lowly people is a lion growling and a bear charging”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

אֲרִי־נֹ֭הֵם וְ⁠דֹ֣ב שׁוֹקֵ֑ק

lion roaring and,a_bear charging

In this verse, Solomon speaks of a wicked ruler over a lowly people being frightening and dangerous as if he were A lion growling and a bear charging. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “Very dangerous” or “Like a lion growling or a bear charging”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

מֹשֵׁ֥ל רָ֝שָׁ֗ע עַ֣ל עַם־דָּֽל

ruler wicked on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in people poor

Here, a wicked ruler and a lowly people refer to types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “is any wicked ruler over any lowly people”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

דָּֽל

poor

See how you translated the same use of lowly in [10:15](../10/15.md).

Note 5 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

עַם

people